Abstract This paper presents a detailed demonstration of the meaning of petrification of the myth. The writer takes the reader on an exploratory journey to discover what the term means and how it effects the myths. Using several examples of its occurrence the writer demonstrates the term and its meaning.
From the Paper "Petrifiction of a myth can mean death to a myth. The petrification process is a process by which a substance is hardened to such a point, that it will hold its current look and value for all time. The petrification of stones for example can create some beautiful discussion pieces, while the petrifications of dinosaur shapes can tell the world the history of their existence. Petrification in many areas can be a positive thing, but the myth that petrifies ceases to serve its purpose and soon dies. Therefore, the petrification of the myth is the myth's biggest challenge and one that it has to work its way around for its entire existence."
Abstract The conflict between Palestine and Israel has created an interesting study of the media within the past decade, where the reporting of the conflict demonstrates the presence of favoritism in many respects. Through examining five articles on mass communications referring to Palestine and Israel, this paper demonstrates how the presence of a media bias impacts reporting and news sources.
This paper addresses the Battle of Antietam in terms of its significance as a military victory, and how this battle helped to change the conduct of war during its era. This paper demonstrates that the fighting tactics used by the Union Army at the Battle
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, 2002, $ 53.95
Abstract This paper addresses the Battle of Antietam in terms of its significance as a military victory, and how this battle helped to change the conduct of war during its era. This paper demonstrates that the fighting tactics used by the Union Army at the Battle of Antietam helped prove that a small, maneuverable fighting force could win over superior firepower, demonstrating that a lack of strategy could not be compensated through weaponry. Through doing so, it can be seen how the Battle of Antietam helped redefine war protocol to a significant degree.
Tags: AMERICAN STUDIES AND HISTORY / MILITARY, battle of antietam
Abstract The following assignment is for a third year sociology course. The topic discussed is collective social behaviour. The collective social behavior examined in this assignment is anti-war demonstrations. The writer uses social contagion theory and emergent norm theory in order to examine the nature of anti-war demonstrations.
From the Paper "Collective behavior is a very broad area of study. For example, in Collective Behavior Erich Goode states, 'Rumors and legends, fads, and collective protest- these and other social phenomena make up the subject matter of the field of collective Behavior'. Collective behavior is the relatively spontaneous, unstructured, extra institutional behavior of a fairly large number of individuals. The fact that collective behavior is such a diverse area of study means that many activities can be used to examine it. For this paper, demonstrations against the war in Iraq or anti-war demonstrations as they are commonly called will be used to examine many of the theories about collective behavior."
Abstract In this article, the writer introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of "Lysistrata" by Aristophanes and "Women Demonstrate against the Oppian Law" by Livy. Specifically, it discusses how Lysistrata and other women had the power to demand change in law and public policy. The writer notes that these pieces were written during times of strife and war in Greece and Rome. The writer points out that "Lysistrata" takes place during the Peloponnesian War, between 431 to 404 B.C.E., while "Women Demonstrate" was written in 195 B.C.E., just after the Second Punic War. "Lysistrata" never happened, but the Roman women's protest actually did occur. The writer concludes that both works indicate the power of women to sway their husbands and demand changes in the law.
From the Paper "The story is simple. To end the Peloponnesian War, the women of Athens decide to give their husbands an ultimatum. They will not have sex with their husbands, or any man, until the men hurry up and end the war. In this excerpt, they meet with a Commissioner to tell him their demands. They are outrageous in the way they make their demands, but they make their point with the Commissioner. They argue effectively and with humor, while the Commissioner just manages to look buffoonish and incapable. The women clearly have the upper hand in this debate, and are much smarter than the men they argue with and subdue. The excerpt does not say if they win their battle, but it is difficult to imagine the men putting up with no sex for very long. "Lysistrata" is funny, but it makes a point. Women have brains, too, and want to be included in important decisions by the government. Pushing women aside, as the men of Athens and Rome did, can only lead to trouble in the end, as these two works clearly indicate."
Abstract This paper reviews literature regarding learner-centered teaching practices and the old rote memorization styles of teaching. The paper compares real life learning situations to those in the classroom. It shows that relaying information through memorization techniques, builds misunderstanding and reduces self-esteem, which then becomes a barrier to understanding. The paper closes by demonstrating the value of a learner-teacher cooperative in which the learner is teaching the instructor how they best learn, offering both a better opportunity to demonstrate learning and greater success for both in the future.
From the Paper "Though, as has been mentioned before, the focus of the two works are decidedly different in that the second directly addresses higher education and the first is more likely to be applied to primary, intermediate and secondary settings they both have very strong points of departure for any individual or system seeking to make the learning environment more productive for students, rather than a system that focuses almost exclusively on the success of the teacher and learning as secondary to it. Though the lower school work, would inherently have less of a focus on this as autonomy in the public school systems is more limited than it is in the post-secondary setting the two together demonstrate the need to recognize the connections between student achievement as a demonstrative practice happening daily in the classroom, rather than demonstrated through the standardized testing outcomes alone."
Abstract This paper discusses possible definitions of justice in its relation to law enforcement. It particularly discusses how criminal justice is connected to the idea of due process. The paper then focuses on current practices within law enforcement that demonstrate justice. The paper argues that policies and practices created to increase public order or individual rights are frequently seen to diminish that which they were put in place to protect. Finally, the paper discusses how justice as it applies to law enforcement in America has changed since the advent of September 11, 2001 and the direction it will take in the future.
Table of Contents:
Current Practices Demonstrating Justice
Community Policing
Miranda Law
Cross-agency Cooperation
Changes following September 11th
USA Patriot Act
Department of Homeland Security
Airport Security
Future Challenges
Consequences of the Patriot Act
Funding
Racial Profiling
Prediction for Law Enforcement
From the Paper "Rapidly expanding technologies, including computer networking, the Internet, wireless services of all kinds, and simple access to relatively anonymous forms of electronic communication, signal a new era for the American justice system and more importantly, law enforcement. On the other hand, law enforcement access to high-technology investigative tools has produced enormous amounts of information on crimes and suspects, and the use of innovative investigative tools are beginning to shape many of the practical aspects of the 21st century criminal justice system. Sadly, in my opinion, the criminal justice system of the future will look much like the system we know today."
Abstract This paper discusses the rich development of characters in Homer's Iliad, specifically examining the heroic character Hector to demonstrate Homer's success as a literary portrait painter. The author looks at Homer's techniques that brought the Trojan hero to life: simile, viewing Hector through enemy eyes, and describing his human nature, insecurity, honor, and his violent end.
From the Paper "Reading the Iliad leads us to ask many probing questions about humanity because the characters are embroiled in many issues that are of relevance even today. Hector, for instance, raises the question of the futility of war - how do you justify an event that kills so indiscriminately without respect for love, honor or responsibility? Questions such as these are asked only when the reader feels an involvement in the story; in the Iliad Homer makes that possible by breathing life into his characters, and we cannot help but share in a sense of loss when Hector dies as a victim of cruel circumstance."
This paper examines how Tolstoy attempts to persuade us to find meaning in life by presenting two distinct sets of supporting characters and by demonstrating why Ivan Ilych is afraid to die and what causes his suffering.
2,180 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 1 source, 2001, $ 67.95
Abstract The paper analyzes the title character of Leo Tolstoy's "The Death of Ivan Ilych", making clear the author's intention that each of us must discover how to lead a meaningful life. Tolstoy attempts to persuade us to his point of view by presenting two distinct sets of supporting characters and by demonstrating why Ivan Ilych is afraid to die and what causes his suffering. In addition, Tolstoy warns of the social conditions that prevent most people from accomplishing in life what Ivan Ilych could only achieve in death.
From the paper:
"Two hours before his death Ivan Ilych finally asks the right question. After three days of screaming through agonizing pain, he laments that his life ?was all not the right thing,? and passes into death wondering "what is the right thing"? (151). With this final realization and questioning, the title character of Leo Tolstoy's "The Death of Ivan Ilych" makes clear the author's intention that each of us must find the right thing and discover how to lead a meaningful life. Tolstoy explains that even at this final moment, Ivan Ilych is capable of redeeming himself and making this discovery, that though his life had not been what it should have been, this could still be rectified (151). If Ivan Ilych can do it at the last minute, the rest of us still can."
Abstract In this paper the author makes a psychological analysis of a 16 year old youth who is demonstrating various recognized symptoms for negative affectivity. The author looks at all of the symptoms and attempts to asses what has led both to the symptoms and behavior of the youth. The author considers the youth's relationship with his parents and siblings and also the effect on the youth of his brother's death.
From the paper:
?Vacillations such as declaring himself an atheist one minute and praying to God the next Caulfield is in a flux of coming to terms with his own identity, not an uncommon trait among teens. The difference in Caulfield's behavior and normal "growing pains" are the extreme inter personal negativity, paranoia (e.g. knowing he is going to die from cancer because of a canker sore), and the descent into delusional behavior (e.g. speaking with his dead brother).?
Abstract This paper looks at both sides of the nuclear power debate. It focuses on global warming, political violence and the likelihood of change. The author looks at Chernobyl, and Three Mile lsland and how activists on both sides used it to further their message. It also looks at different facilities, their monitoring processes and ways to decrease the chances of accidents occurring in these plants. It also looks at recent incidents at nuclear facilities in the United States, Japan and Germany that have led to the re-evaluation of those government's nuclear policies. As a final note, the author presents many examples of demonstrations against the use of nuclear power, worldwide, to show how this has become a global issue.
From the Paper "Yet, dissenting voices call attention to the dangers of nuclear power: specifically, the devastating effects of the explosion at Chernobyl of the former Soviet Union in 1986, and the contamination of the plant Three Mile Island in Pennsylvania which happened earlier, in 1979. The Chernobyl explosion sent nuclear fallout for miles immediately surrounding the plant, making much of the land uninhabitable. In addition, radiation that caused severe environmental damage to the surrounding areas has been attributed to rising cancer rates throughout Europe. Though the plant at Three Mile Island did not suffer such a catastrophe due to a containment facility, which prevented radioactive materials from being released into the atmosphere, and therefore avoided severe environmental damage, the plant is now thoroughly contaminated, and it cannot be destroyed. Environmentalists argue that increased safety precautions are not enough; accidents like the aforementioned can, and will, happen again. The sound the call not for more nuclear power plants, but the halt of production of new nuclear power plants, and in some cases, argue that nuclear energy in its entirety should be phased out of the energy equation (Janger et. al., 219)."
Abstract Five short stories are discussed: "The Story of an Hour" by Kate Chopin, "A&P" by John Updike, "I Stand Here Ironing" by Tillie Olsen, "Barn Burning" by William Faulkner, and "The Rocking-Horse Winner" by D.H. Lawrence. Each story is used to demonstrate the use of either character, theme, plot or setting in the development of meaning.
From the Paper "PLOT - "THE STORY OF AN HOUR"
"The plot in this story revolves around the death of the husband, which of course makes the story possible, but at the heart of it is the woman and her feeling of freedom that she feels when she finds out her husband is dead. She feels free, and even in this very short story, Chopin makes us understand why with a few simple lines, ?And yet she had loved him--sometimes. Often she had not.? That is really the plot briefly -- the woman wanted more. We learn the two character's names in the story, but they, and the other minor characters do not matter, this is truly a short story with one theme, freedom, and is totally plot driven."
Tags: plot, theme, character, setting, Updike, Chopin, Faulkner, Olsen, Lawrence
Abstract This paper examines the use of civil disobedience throughout the history of humanity, as seen in Sophocles? play ?Antigone,? Henry David Thoreau's "Civil Disobedience" and Martin Luther King Junior's "Letter from Birmingham Jail". The paper describes the common theme of non-violence, even under the threat of death. It illustrates the effects of demonstrating against oppressive rule of government through this method.
From the Paper "Civil disobedience is a common occurrence that can be traced back throughout human history. The long-standing questions that accompany civil disobedience are when is civil disobedience justified, why should you be disobedient, and what actions are morally right during civil disobedience? Sophocles, Henry David Thoreau, and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., express their views on this subject matter and propose different answers to these questions by using different rhetorical methods. Sophocles argues two different views of civil disobedience, first the view of Antigone who, is willing to die to obey the laws of the gods, and then the view of Creon, who is the king and made the law of the land the law by which Antigone dies. Thoreau expresses civil disobedience by refusing to pay taxes. Henry David Thoreau argues for the idea of disobeying a government if it does not please the people. Martin Luther King, Jr. makes the better case for civil disobedience through strong rhetorical tactics, organized preparation, and peaceful negotiations."
Abstract His ontological argument (a priori) and 'a posteriori demonstration of God's existence. Concept of perfection. Proofs of God's existence. Examining the reality of God. Descartes' belief in God the Giver and Creator. Free will of man as proof. Differences between existence of God & essence of God. Flaws in Descartes' reasoning.
From the Paper "Descartes and God
"More consequences for thought and action follow from the affirmation or denial of God than from answering any other basic question" (Hutchins 543). It is a fact that, long before Descartes, Man often thought of himself as the supreme being of the Universe, and still obedient to, or believing in, or trusting some superhuman Being called God.
While for millennia, philosophers have debated the idea or ideas of God, Descartes states that "ONE idea alone, becomes the basis for such an inference. He supplements his a priori or ontological argument with what he calls 'a posteriori demonstration of God's existence from the mere idea that God exists in us'" (Hutchins 554). God exists, Descartes writes, because "He possesses every sort of perfection…(and) existence is one of them" "
Abstract This paper examines critically the disagreements over international trade issues which led to the failure of the trade negotiations at the November 30-December 3, 1999 meeting of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in Seattle, Washington. It discusses how the 134 trade ministers who met in Seattle failed to agree on further liberalization of the global trading system because of substantive differences among the developed nations and between them and the less developed countries (LDCs) over a wide range of issues. It analyzes how the anti-WTO demonstrations, marches and sporadic violence outside the convention center where delegates to the WTO conference met did not cause those disagreements, but how the debacle in Seattle reflected the growing political strength of the forces of economic nationalism which has arrested progress toward further reduction in international trade barriers.
From the Paper "One reason the conference failed was that it was hastily arranged without pre-agreement among any of the participants even as to the items to be placed on the agenda of the conference. The term of the previous director general of WTO, an Italian, Renato Ruggiero, ended on April 30, 1999. Between then and September a debilitating struggle over his successor ensued. Japan and most Third World members supported the candidacy of Thai Supachai Pantichpakdi while the United States and the European Union (EU) favored Michael Moore, a former Prime Minister of New Zealand, who was ultimately selected, but did not take office until after September 1. The Economist said that "preparations for Seattle started later and little common ground was found." Barchefsky was preoccupied with the WTO negotiations with the PRC and other trade disputes."
