Abstract
This paper describes how coverture delineated men's place in society from women's place in society. The paper also explains that coverture was a form of social control over gender, rather than an efficient manner in which to organize society. The paper does show, however, that although coverture was patronizing and discriminatory, women in practice were able to use the doctrine to protect themselves, and even as a tool of social empowerment or revenge against their husbands.

From the Paper
"Coverture is the legal concept that man and wife are one, and that a woman's property becomes the property of her husband, upon their union, with some exceptions. Upon its surface, it seems to be a blatant way of controlling women as legal persons, however, it might be more apt to say that its origins in ancient times are linked to the concept that women are not adult 'persons' at all, but rather function as chattel or children. "The legal precedents for discrimination against women date back to the beginnings of Western law itself" ("Up from Coverture," Time Magazine, 1972, p.1)."

Tags:debts, credit, financial, transactions, property

Abstract
Hannah Arendt and John Dewey have differing views about education. Perhaps the most succinct way of delineating this difference is that Arendt believes in the legitimate authority of the adult instructor, while Dewey regards this authority as imposed and not so legitimate, that there is a need for more fluidity between adult teachers and child students. Arendt believes in the teacher's authority as the "authority of the past" (193).

From the Paper
Hannah Arendt and John Dewey have differing views about education. Perhaps the most succinct way of delineating this difference is that Arendt believes in the legitimate authority of the adult instructor, while Dewey regards this authority as imposed and not so legitimate, that there is a need for more fluidity between adult teachers and child students. Arendt believes in the teacher's authority as the "authority of the past" (193). Dewey refutes on the basis that "the gulf between the mature or adult[s] and the experience and abilities of the young is so wide that the very situation forbids much active participation by pupils in the development of what is taught" (19).

Tags:arendt, dewey, education

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to conduct a feasibility study for the establishment of a private investigation bureau in Barstow, California, a small town in California's Mojave Desert that sits just at the entrance to the Mojave National Preserve. Specifically, the study focuses on the selected site and analyzes it for sales potential using a demographic analysis of the area's general features and characteristics. The research begins with a literature review designed to provide context to the study by providing relevant information on the general nature of private investigation work; the daily routines of private investigators; the basic characteristics and skills needed by successful private investigators; the characteristics of clients and client groups using the services of private investigators; the types of services offered by private investigators; the general income and earnings of private investigators; the education and training of private investigators; the licensing requirements of private investigators; the general features of the private investigation firm and the expected changes in the field that will take place in the twenty-first century. The literature review is followed by a delineation and discussion of methods used in the collection of feasibility data. Following the delineation of methods, the next section of the study provides an analysis of collected data and interpretation of its meaning in determining the extent to which it may be feasible to open a private investigation bureau in Barstow. The final section of the thesis presents a summary of the major findings and conclusions of the research.

Paper Headings:

Executive Summary
Introduction
Literature Review
General Nature of the Work
Daily Routines
Characteristics of Successful Private Investigators
Client Characteristics
Types of Investigations Conducted by Private Investigation Bureaus
Location of Persons
Locating Assets
Background Investigation
Surveillance Investigation
Internal Business Theft and Sub-Rosa Investigations
Traffic Collision Investigations
Fire/Arson Investigations
Business Credit Investigations
Federal/Criminal Investigations
State and Federal Records Investigation
Education Verification
Employment Verification
Medical Licenses Verification
Income and Earnings
Training and Education
Licensing and Insurance
The Private Investigation Firm
Private Investigation in the Twenty-First Century
Methodology
Data Analysis
Economic Feasibility
Competition
Labor Force
Supplementary Considerations
Summary
Works Cited

From the Paper
"According to Travers (1997), private investigation is a growing field with the employment of private detectives and investigators being expected to grow much faster than the average for all occupations throughout the year 2005. In addition, Travers reports that job turnover will create many additional job openings, particularly among investigators who are wage and salary workers. Nevertheless, competition is expected to continually increase for the available openings because private detective and private investigator careers are attractive to many.
Travers (1997) also states that the increased demand for private detectives and investigators will be generated by increases in the size of the population, increased economic activity, and global and domestic competition. These forces are expected to produce increases in crime, litigation, and the need for confidential information of all kinds. As crime continues to increase, more firms will hire or contract for the service of private detectives."

Tags:surveillance, SIU, CLI, CPP

Abstract
This paper attempts to look for similarities in the large body of literature on transformational leadership and arrive at a notion of the transformational leader that can be generally applied to most any setting. The author of the paper hopes that this examination will help to organize the general body of research in the area, providing managers with a more cohesive general model. The review begins with a brief delineation of the initial model of transformational leadership proposed by Burns (1978)and expanded upon by Bass (1986). It then goes on to examine more contemporary articulations of this type of leadership. The review ends by delineating a basic definition of transformational leadership that is applicable to most settings. The paper includes a comprehensive list of all the literature on the topic.

From the Paper
"Burns (1978) characterized transformational leadership as dynamic in the sense that leaders threw themselves into a relationship with followers who feel 'elevated' by it and often become more active themselves, thereby creating new cadres of leaders. In general, then, transformational leaders interacted within a webwork of evolving interrelationships in which they continuously evoked motivational responses from followers and modified their behavior when they met responsiveness or resistance---- a ceaseless process of flow and
counterflow."

Tags:business, organization, management, leader, motivation, restructure, company, institution

Abstract
As the American population continues to become more diverse racially, members of visible minority groups within the population become more prominent. Simultaneously, with the increase in diversity, income distribution in the American economy has become more distorted. While economic growth in the United States has surged over the past decade, the income gap has widened; not only between the richest and poorest Americans, but also between moderate-income and low-income Americans. Members of visible minorities in the population tend to be represented disproportionately in the low-income and poverty classifications in the United States. While there is an abundance of implications of this state of affairs, one of the more crucial ones is access to health care. Individual and household financial capacity, the scarcity of employer-paid health insurance among small businesses, cultural differences based in social psychology and other factors frequently act as impediments to health care access for low-income individuals and households among visible minority population groups in the contemporary United States. This problem and these issues are investigated in this study. The study identifies causal factors for the gap in health care access between lower-income Americans and members of visible minorities in the United States, on the one hand, and more affluent Americans and members of the majority segment of the population, on the other hand. The initial chapter of this study delineates the problem investigated. Specific research questions are formulated and stated to provide greater focus for the investigation.
Social psychological theory and applied social psychology literature are reviewed in the second chapter. Literature relevant to the functioning of low-income and visible minority population groups in the United States within a social psychological context are reviewed in the third chapter. The fourth chapter is devoted to a review of literature relevant to both the health care system in the United States and the experiences of low-income and visible minority population groups in relation to health care access and health care delivery in the United States. An assessment of the problem investigated, performed within the structure of the research questions, is presented in the final (fifth) chapter. Conclusions drawn from the study findings are stated and recommendations for further research are made. The summary conclusions reached through the conduct of this study relate both to health care access and health care utilization by low-income persons and members of visible minorities. With respect to health care access, the summary conclusion reached is that a universal system of health care entitlement is required in the United States. In relation to health care utilization by low-income persons and members of visible minorities, the summary conclusion reached is that extensive education is required for both low-income persons and members of visible minorities, on the one hand, and health care providers, on the other hand. Low-income persons and members of visible minorities require education on the benefits and function of health care services, while health care providers require education in the social mores of the diverse populations they must serve.

Table of Contents:

Introduction
Problem Delineation
Background on the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Review of Relevant Social Psychology Theory and Literature
Introduction
Sociological Theory and Health Care
The Welfare State
Accessing Contemporary Health Care
Role of Ethics in Accessing Health Care
Alternative Health Care Delivery Systems
Chapter Conclusions
Social Functioning of Low-Income and Visible Minority Population Groups
Introduction
HIV/AIDS Related Behavior
Initiatives to Improve Health Care
Access and Behaviors
The American Health Care System and the Experiences of Low-Income and Visible Minority Groups
Introduction
The American Health Care System
Analysis of Health Care Delivery Systems
Care Quality
Alternative Approaches to Health Care
Bio-ethical Issues
Problems of Accessibility
Initiatives to Improve Minority Access
Chapter Conclusions
Assessment of the Problem Discussion, Recommendations for Further Research
Appendices
Annotated Bibliography

From the Paper
"Social Cognitive Theory [self-efficacy] emphasizes the role of expectancies, self-efficacy, peer normative influences, and social competency skills as key components affecting adolescents' behaviors (DiClemente, Lodico, Grinstead, Harper, Rickman, Evans, & Coates, 1996). The applicability of models based on social psychological principles for understanding African-Americans' decision-making and sexual behavior has been questioned because most such models tend to be individually-focused and do not take into account the social context in which the behavior is embedded (Cochran & Mays, 1993). Social cognitive theory, however, explicitly integrates behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factors as reciprocally interactive. Thus, given the hypothesized multi-factorial nature of sexual decision making and the potential impact of the high-risk social environment of the study population, approaches based on social cognitive theory are thought to be particularly relevant for understanding the myriad factors that may affect African-Americans' sexual behavior."

Tags:Simmelian, Four, Quadrants, HIV/AIDS, TRA

Abstract
This paper examines issues of inter-ethnic coexistence in the Ukraine and in particular the Donbass Basin by illustrating that history matters in terms of ethnic composition and political preferences. It attempts to reconstruct the historical picture of the major ethnic groups living in Donbass in order to examine what social, political and cultural experiences they have gained during the centuries of their habitation in the area of modern Ukraine. It looks at the process through which the ethnic make-up of the area was determined, focusing on the delineation of particular groups , histories and traces the evolution of the minority issue under Soviet rule, as a factor that influenced the levels of their self-assertiveness which obviously matters under the new political conditions. It also analyzes major questions of inter-ethnic co-existence and cultural autonomy, on the level of state politics and mass public perception.

From the Paper
"When looking at the development of any young independent states, among the matters of special concern is the problem of the relationship between integration processes and the in-depth development of particular ethnic groups and regions. In staking out its claim of sovereignty and at the same time insisting on getting its own way, the multi-ethnic national state places itself in an embarrassing realm of double standards and therefore often becomes susceptible to quite a distressing level of internal torment. And yet some of the governments in question endeavor to implement liberal approaches, founded on the principle of preserving a balance between the prerogatives of the state and the priorities of the regions; and between the Nation's codes and the interests of the various ethnic groups in the population."

Tags:minority, russia

Abstract
This paper will discuss self-motive and self-knowledge in the scope of the ever-moving delineation of solids in the philosophy of Cavendish. By understanding the book "Observations Upon Experimental Philosophy", we can see how matter takes on a changing basis, in the process that Margaret Cavendish explains in this book from the seventeenth century. By understanding some of the rudimentary positions of her philosophy treatise, we can see the basis for her arguments in these terms.

Abstract
This paper examines the problem of physical abuse in school-age children. The paper begins with a brief historical description of the problem, noting that it was not really until the later part of this century that the problem was fully recognized. This review of the historical background of the problem is followed by an examination of the scope of the problem, the psycho-emotional and physical effects of the problem, an epidemiological discussion and a delineation of several factors that place children at risk for physical abuse. The problem is shown to be both substantial and complex in nature. The second section of the paper proposes three health promotion strategies for remediating the problem of physical abuse in childhood. These strategies are: (1) a primary prevention screening strategy to be used to identify families at risk for abuse; (2) a secondary prevention strategy aimed at improving parents' knowledge of childhood development as well as their anger management and disciplinary skills; and (3) a tertiary prevention family counseling strategy. An evaluative method for determining the effectiveness of each strategy is also developed and described. Further, research is cited to support each developed strategy as an effective avenue for intervention with respect to the physical abuse of children.
The paper ends with a short summary of the nature of the problem. It also provides a summary of the three developed health promotion strategies.

From the Paper
"Based on the research on assessment indicators of physical abuse (e.g., Logan and Dawkins, 1986; Klingbeil, 1986), the strategy developed here is two-fold. First, nurses would screen for the following indicators of physical abuse in children: (1) Unexplained injuries (e.g., burns, bite marks, subdural hematomas, old or recent fractures, etc.); (2) dehydration or malnourishment without obvious cause; (3) Ingestion of inappropriate food or drugs; (4) evidence of general poor hygiene; (5) the presence of strong fear of the nurse or others; (6) reports by the child of physical abuse; (7) old injuries not mentioned in the child's history; and (8) a tendency of the child to take care of the parent or speak for the parent."

Tags:DHHS, PTSD, depression, Family, Therapy

Abstract
This paper, based in sociological and social psychology concepts, identifies the causal factors for the gap between lower-income Americans and members of visible minorities in the United States and more affluent Americans and members of the majority segment of the population with respect to health care access. The author concludes, after an extensive review of the literature, that a universal system of health care entitlement is required in the United States. The author suggests that an extensive education is required for low-income persons and members of visible minorities to know the benefits and function of health care services, and health care providers require education in the social mores of the diverse populations they must serve.

Table of Contents
Problem Delineation
Background on the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Review of Relevant Social Psychology Theory and Literature
Introduction
Sociological Theory and Health Care
The Welfare State
Accessing Contemporary Health Care
Role of Ethics in Accessing Health Care
Alternative Health Care Delivery Systems
Chapter Conclusions
Social Functioning of Low-Income and Visible Minority Population Groups
Introduction
HIV/AIDS Related Behavior
Initiatives to Improve Health Care Access and Behaviors
The American Health Care System and The Health Care Experiences of Low-Income and Visible Minority Population Groups
Introduction
The American Health Care System
Delivery of Health Care to the Poor
Care Quality
Alternative Approaches to Delivery
Bioethical Issues
Problems of Accessibility
Initiatives to Improve Access
Chapter Conclusions
Assessment of the Problem
Discussion
Recommendations for Further Research
Annotated Bibliography

From the Paper
"One of the major impediments to the attainment of universal access to healthcare in the United States is the functioning of for-profit Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) and managed care organizations (MCOs). These organizations are investor-owned organizations that are in business to make a profit on healthcare delivery. Non-for-profit healthcare organizations also must earn a profit on their operations in order to be able to compensate and train staff, acquire new technology, and generally improve the quality of their services. Unlike investor-owned healthcare companies, however, non-for-profit organizations are not driven by share prices and the bottom-line mentality of for-profit companies. Thus, patient-centered care in not-for-profit healthcare organizations may be contrasted with the investor orientation of the for-profit healthcare companies. Recent decisions by for-profit healthcare companies to drop their Medicare healthcare groups because of substandard profit growth illustrates as no amount of rhetoric can the precedent of investor concerns over patient concerns in the for-profit healthcare companies."

Tags:hmo, managed-care, profit, entitlement, interactionist

Abstract
This paper provides a brief biography of the lives of the composer composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and the librettist Lorenzo da Ponte. It examines how da Ponte composed for Mozart the librettos of the operas "The Marriage of Figaro", "Don Giovanni" and "Cosi Fan Tutte" and analyzes how most of their work has the reoccurring theme of class conflict. It looks at how in "Don Giovanni," there is clearly a delineation of social classes whereas "The Marriage of Figaro" portrays aristocracy as a decadent, lustful, useless class.

From the Paper
"Their next collaboration was "Don Giovanni," which appeared in 1787, and followed by Cosi fan tutte, in 1790. It premiered at the National Theater in Prague. Based on the legends of Don Juan, it is set in mid-17th century Seville and uses the folklore surrounding Don Juan to create a story full of social conflict. According to Critic Ernest Newman, Don Giovanni, "crystallized into a working formula for opera purposes -- the hero-villain and his rascally buffoon of a servant; a dignified victim of Don Juan's sensuality, her aristocratic lover; a lady of somewhat lower social rank, who had been previously seduced and deserted by Juan; a group of peasants with a bride and bridegroom; and, of course, a murdered father , who reappears as the avenging instrument of heaven in the form of a statue in the final scene" (Quoted in Ardoin)."

Tags:don, giovani, marriage, figaro, class, conflict