Abstract This paper analyzes the potential for misappropriation of trade secrets and the balance between data privacy and asset management in the software environment. It focuses on the aspects of physical security, such as the use of networks, computers used both externally and internally, and reporting of security breaches and related incidents. It also discusses methods of safely terminating access, computer data storage and the deletion of information. Finally, the author offers recommendations for computer software companies to take in safeguarding their trade secret information against theft and misappropriation. (The paper uses APA style footnotes but does not include a references page.)
Outline:
Introduction
Trade Secret Protection
Physical Security Measures
External & Internal Access
Use of Networks
Terminating Access to Computers & Trade Secret Information
Responding to Security Breaches & the Storage, Return & Deletion of Information
Future Recommendations
Conclusion
From the Paper "In the past decade, the importance of information technology systems has increased dramatically; companies of all sizes are heavily dependent on technology driven e-commerce and software development, and ultimately on the protections afforded these systems. Trade secret information stored on computers in software companies has emerged as a significant concern for software companies, government agencies responsible for monitoring forms of intellectual property, and legal authorities that police such violations. Research indicates that reported trade secret theft has risen 323% in the United States alone, followed by an employee turnover in business and professional services of more than 21%. As a result of such high statistics regarding trade secret theft and employee turnover, software companies must take physical security measures to protect trade secrets on computers and related systems. Additionally, these cautionary statistics, along with the currency of information in funding global success, require sophisticated businesses to routinely address the unwanted disclosure of trade secrets. Balanced against businesses' desire to prevent this disclosure are the policies of free competition and the employee's right to apply his skills and knowledge."
Abstract This paper explains that phonemic awareness, which is one of the best predictors of a child's reading success, involves manipulating the sounds of spoken words. The paper also introduces the six skills of phonemic isolation, identity, categorization, blending, segmentation and deletion. In addition, the paper presents a detailed lesson to teach each of these six phonemic awareness skills to a class of pre-kindergarten aged children.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Objectives and Goals
Materials
Anticipatory Set
Direct Instruction
Guided Practice
Independent Practice
Assessment
Phoneme Identity
Objectives and Goals
Materials
Anticipatory Set
Direct Instruction
Guided Practice
Independent Practice
Assessment
Phoneme Categorization
Objectives and Goals
Materials
Anticipatory Set
Direct Instruction
Guided Practice
Independent Practice
Assessment
Phoneme Blending
Objectives and Goals
Materials
Anticipatory Set
Direct Instruction
Guided Practice
Assessment
Phoneme Segmentation
Objectives and Goals
Materials
Anticipatory Set
Direct Instruction
Guided Practice
Independent Practice
Assessment
Phoneme Deletion Objectives and Goals
Materials
Anticipatory Set
Direct Instruction
Guided Practice
Independent Practice
Assessment
Phoneme Identity with Phonics
Objectives and Goals
Materials
Anticipatory Set
Direct Instruction
Guided Practice
Assessment
Phoneme Segmentation with Phonics
Objectives and Goals
Materials
Anticipatory Set
Direct Instruction
Guided Practice
Independent Practice
Assessment
From the Paper "Read "My Name is Alice". Let the children know that there is a special reason why the characters in this book are specific places and sell specific things. Tell them that you want them to listen closely as you read the book and see if they can discover what the special reason is.
"Ask the children why they think the Alice was from Alaska and sold ants? The answer is because Alice, Alaska and ant all start with the /a/ sound. Go through several of the pages and call out three of the alliteration words on each page."
Tags: assessment, anticipatory set, direct instruction, guided practice, independent practice
Abstract This paper focuses on an examination of some of the most important features of Access, including the ease that it provides in developing applications and of the VBA IDE in both developing and debugging code in VBA. It provides working examples and step-by-step instructions for certain features.
From the paper:
"A database is simply an organized collection of data that can be accessed (hence the name of the software, of course) and manipulated through a management system (often called by its initials, DBMS) such as Access. (It should also be noted that a number of other quite good DBMS software exists, including Oracle and SQL Server). Software such as Access provides the user with the tools needed to organize data in a way that is both efficient and yet also flexible. Access, like other DBMS programs, allows a user to add, delete and change data in the database, to ask questions about that data and to produce a variety of kinds of reports summarizing some or all of the data in a database."
Abstract The paper discusses how the distinctive lines which determine control and influence between technology and humanity are often smudged. Since the release of the desk top computer, society has been effected to a similar degree to which it has been served. The paper examines how computers used to be limited to large corporations, to run only the most complicated tasks. Today, they are used in almost every aspect of our life. The paper looks at the affect of the internet on our social habits, where a person is no longer at risk of being directly rejected if their ideas are outside of the social norms. In the event of a hostile response, the ?Delete? key is never far away. The paper shows that this oxymoron can drive our culture toward increased isolation, or it can cause the recognition of our need to socialize, to build intimate personal interaction, and to share life with others. It questions whether technology can guide society toward shallow e-lives, or whether culture will insist that it remain the servant, constantly climbing out of intoxicating isolationism.
From the Paper "In her book, The Real World of Technology, Ursula M. Franklin argues that technology has a disruptive effect on humanity. Her assertion is that if left-unchecked technology will eventually destroy society as we know it. She continues and contends that for society's sake, people must question everything before accepting new technologies into their world. In the book, Franklin's argument urges people to come together and participate in public reviews and discuss or question technological practices that lead to a world that is designed for technology and not for society. Franklin, however, seems unable to realize that the influx of technology and society's greater dependence of it may just be another step of evolution. Just as humans grew out of the ape and the hammer out of the twig, so to may the children and their tools of tomorrow grow to become something greater than even we can imagine."
Abstract This paper discusses computer viruses, computer software programs that interfere with the smooth running of a computer's OS and hardware and are designed to replicate and hide themselves to avoid detection. A virus' main goal is to infect and replicate on as many other systems as possible causing as much damage in the process such as erasing hard disks or deleting vital files that run certain software programs. It presents information that gives users who do not have much experience in this area of network security an introductory overview of what malicious software is and how it works. It examines three main areas of importance, the definition of a virus, types of viruses and virus protection. Trojans and Worms are also covered.
From the Paper "Viruses are programs and must be executed to become activated. This is done by double clicking on the email attachment or the setup .exe or .com executables for software programs. In one instance as of late the author has seen the W32.Funlove virus spread through a downloaded screensaver for his favorite college football team. The virus was hidden behind the executable and activated when the screen saver was installed. Viruses, in an infected executable file, modifies the original program to point to the virus code and launch that code along with its own. Most of the time the process is to jump to the virus code first, execute it, then go back to the original code."
Tags: information, internet, malicious, network, security, software, systems
Abstract This paper begins by discussing and defining the nature of spam. It compares the high costs of telemarketing and bulk mail to the low or no costs of spam on the sender. It also states that the receiver is burdened with the job of deleting and blocking future mail. The writer then looks at various economic issues related to spam - commission received by the sender and the negative effect it has on sincere advertising endeavours. The paper concludes with a discussion on what is being and can be done in the field to prevent and minimize spam.
From the Paper "In the computer age, spam, or unsolicited e-mail advertising messages, is considered one of the primary evils that e-mail users have to deal with. While some consider spam as no more of an inconvenience than the traditional junk mail, others consider spam the most dire invasion of privacy since the invention of computers. According to a former spammer (Kosseff, 2003), the nearly $1,000 he made per week as a result of spamming practices was not worth the personal costs in terms of hate mail and threatening phone calls. The cost to the spammer however is much cheaper than the cost to the user. Once the initial investments in spamming equipment is made, it becomes very easy to send up to 10 million messages per day. Also, this practice can be set up to work automatically, so all the spammer needs to do is monitor the sending from time to time (Kosseff, 2003)."
Abstract A discussion of the pros and cons of RAD development. RAD (Rapid Application Development) refers to an escalated project development life cycle in systems development. This is accomplished utilizing elements of traditional, structured development in concert with prototyping and joint application development (JAD) techniques.
Contents:
Introduction: RAD
Problems Addressed by RAD
RAD Methodologies
Modeling the Business Processes
Define the information flow necessary to perform a business function.
Define the process for adding, modifying, deleting or retrieving a data object.
Generating the Application
Utilizing tools s.a. VB (Visual Basic), VC++, and Delphi to create prototypes.
Re-using existing components or creating re-usable components.
Cataloging re-usable components for easy access by appropriate staff.RAD Toolsets
Advantages and Disadvantages of RAD
Is RAD Really Better?
Works Cited
From the Paper "RAD utilizes prototyping and user feedback as it's main mechanisms. It is applicable to situations where a user community will have significant input to the system, the requirements of the new system are undefined, or there is a high degree of possibility that the requirements and feature set will change as the project proceeds. (21st Century Technology, 2003). RAD is a flexible process, incorporating a combination of tools in different orders of priority and concentrations as a means to an end.
Structured systems development methodology was the first formal method established. Typically associated with large scale, centralized corporate projects involving mainframes, the structured systems methodology was categorized by a "top-down, functional decomposition" lifecycle otherwise known as "waterfall". This methodology was often employed using COBOL."
Abstract This paper shows how important database security is for protecting companies against risks, such as cracking, worms, viruses, web site defacement, unauthorized disclosure of confidential information, and more. The paper also outlines the minimum steps that must be taken to ensure effective security against these crimes.
From the Paper "A recent report by the Computer Security Institute (CSI) and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) reveals that of 508 companies surveyed, mostly large corporations and government agencies, 90 percent detected computer security breaches within the past twelve months (Savage, 2003). Eighty percent acknowledged financial losses due to these computer breaches. And the 223 respondents that quantified their financial damages suffered a total loss of $456 million. These statistics show the dire need for database security in both large and small companies."
Abstract This paper examines how the Internet, while it is a useful tool, is also much like an open sea with predators lurking in every corner. It looks at how these predators are called computer viruses and how they exist to damage data on your hard drive, delete files, and sometimes even steal personal information about the user. It provides an overview of the different types of viruses, such as boot, program, and script viruses and also discusses anti-virus programs.
From the Paper "A human virus, when attacking a body, exists only for one purpose. This purpose is to replicate. Once it has successfully attacked a cell (or cells) in the body, it begins to transcript its DNA over and over, creating many copies of itself. These virus copies eventually spread to infect the person. Computer viruses are all manmade. They simply reproduce over and over again, which may seem to be relatively harmless, but even these can crash a computer system. Some viruses are not active until the user starts the infected application. Some viruses become active when your computer is turned on, and stay active until you turn your computer off."
Abstract Zilla Data Nuker uses what the company terms as "shredding algorithms" to obliterate data. The software is designed to be used to improve the functionality of a computer by deleting unnecessary files from the hard drive. The paper shows that Zillasoft also claims that the software can function to help protect the user's privacy by completely destroying information targeted by Zilla Data Nuker. The paper presents the results of performance testing on this software and discusses conclusions and recommendations.
Paper Outline:
Software Title
Software Functionality
Performance Testing
Results
Conclusions (Usefulness, Recommendations)
From the Paper "Using a tool that operates with a GUI interface within the Windows environment such as Zilla Data Nuker has some inherent drawbacks. Some proponents of command line forensic tools "argue that most users really do not know what is going on when they 'point and click' their way around a computer forensic examination." (Kuchta, 2001) This may be a true statement but is somewhat beyond the scope of this text since the testing information is not being submitted in a legal proceeding. Conditions where the specifics regarding the process that the software uses to perform its function will often require software experts from the company that wrote the software to help solidify the reliability of the program in question."
Abstract This paper explains that SPAM, originally the name of a disgusting canned substance, is annoying junk email or mass, unsolicited commercial email; the use of the term as repetitive junk comes from a Monty Python skit. The author relates that the first SPAM was originated when two lawyers named Canter and Siegel hired a programmer to write a program script that would post the lawyers' advertisement to thousands of newsgroups on "USENET", which at the time was the world's largest online conferencing center. The paper contends that SPAM is the absolute worst way to get a message across because these junk emails are never read, only deleted yet they cost society millions, if not billions, of dollars and are very difficulty to control through software and legislate.
From the Paper "Aside from being annoying, Spam is costing people big bucks. Saul Hansell of the New York Times explains how in the year 2000, Indiana University spent approximately 1.2 million dollars on a new network of nine computers, with their sole purpose being to process email for over 115,000 students and faculty members across the state. This network was believed to be sufficient until 2004, but with the exponential increase in Spam email, the school had to upgrade their system in 2001, at a cost of 300,000 dollars. The cost to universities is chump change compared to what it is estimated to be costing the United States."
This paper details the science of forensic computer investigations, which is an approach used by computer professionals to discover hidden and lost information from a storage device or media source.
Abstract This paper examines the field of forensic computer investigations which is effectively used to trace illegal and unethical activities of employees, as well as tracking down various cyber-related criminals. Forensic computer investigation is a scientific approach to legal investigations and is used when trying to find evidence against those suspected of criminal activities. Forensic computer investigations are also used when trying to recover accidentally deleted or lost data. This paper details the various methods of collecting, preserving and analyzing forensic evidence.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Approach to Forensic Investigation
Interviewing and Examining the Evidence
Collection and Protection of the Evidence
Preparing for Analysis
Concluding the Investigation
Works Cited
From the Paper "The first step in a forensic computer analysis is to interview the investigators and the victims of a particular investigation. Interviews with the investigators and the victims help the analyst to gain a deeper understanding of the incident, learn about the results of investigation, about the views and concerns of the victims and the true nature of the incident. In addition to this, the analyst should also gather information about the information system or the computer involved in the incident, the suspects and the most probable lawsuit to be filed. Although, interviews are a preliminary step and often do not require too much allocation of time but they are the most important aspect of an investigation because they form the basis for the overall investigation."
Abstract This document discusses the Peer Software Development Team structures that have risen to prominence in some organizations. These peer based teams are smaller in size than the traditional project team structure and are far more adaptive. The paper further discusses how, because the size is limited and because of innovations in the structure such as the Scrum method where teams and individual team members can delete, add or manipulate tasks anywhere in the development cycle, these peer team structures are directly aligned with the market and the customer/end-user requirements.
From the Paper "Peer Software Development Teams (PSDTs) are a component of Agile Development methodologies which has become project management of choice among innovative organizations because its flexibility and results oriented focus. Many companies, such as Microsoft, have committed to Agile Development methodologies such as the Scrum method which is one of the most important PSDT expressions of community based innovation (Taft, 2005, para.3). Agile Development methodologies empower programmers to program rather than constraining them by traditional project management constraints and PSDT techniques ensure that the benefit of combined skills and talents are utilized in a team environment without saddling the individual programmer with the excessive structures that traditional project management techniques often do."
Abstract In this article, the writer discusses the meaning of education and the issue of standardized testing. The writer then looks at education as a major economic issue. The writer questions which is better out of the choice of public or private schools. The writer maintains that standardized tests need to be revised or perhaps deleted as soon as possible and the need to blame education and petition for education reform should not be correlated with how well the economy does. The writer concludes that life education and formal education need to be equalized and parents need to make choices that are best for their child. This paper is written in a personal informal manner.
From the Paper "Standardized testing is any test that is used across a variety of schools or other situations. Most standardized tests are achievement tests and therefore have little predictive value for students, teachers or schools. They only generate good data for narrow skill sets or topics. However, many school systems use standardized testing as a screening tool, as a basis for curriculum or as a broad comparison between students. How can you do such a comparison, when every child is different in both achievement and also in their ways of learning? What happens when tests are administered outside of the context of the mainstream culture? This poses a problem for certain students whose answers might be right, but not in the context of the exam."
Abstract In this article, the writer explains that a leader has qualities that guide others to become the best they can be. The writer notes that while some people sit back and wait for someone to tell them what to do, a leader begins a project even though he or she may make mistakes. The writer points out that while Princess Diana made mistakes, she boldly admitted her mistakes. Princess Diana was a leader who cared about others, which can be seen in her charity work. The writer states that she boldly visited patients with AIDS while many people were afraid to be around them. Further, she took a stand against landmines and helped to pass a treaty to delete them. The writer concludes that taking a look at Princess Diana's life shows that she genuinely had the qualities of a successful leader.
From the Paper "Many leaders begin to build the qualities of a leader during childhood. This was certainly true of Diana. Diana attended her first boarding school at Riddlesworth Hall in Norfolk where she excelled at swinging, diving, and ballet. Diana finished her education at the West Health Public School in Kent where she excelled in sports. Diana continued to train as a leader by being a nanny in London after graduating from school. She also worked at the Young England kindergarten in Knightsbridge. Early in her life Diana cared for children and others."
"Princess Diana was a leader who overcame her problems and found new identity in helping others. Princess Diana believed in focusing on the future and not the past. An example of this is when she sold 79 of her gowns and gave the funds to charity."
Tags: limelight, Prince, Charles, monarch, royal, family
