Abstract Alfred D. Chandler's article entitled ?The Enduring Logic of Industrial Success" states that the pioneers in a market will dominate their industries and continue to do so for decades. The writer examines in detail why these companies are identified as first movers and how they take advantage of being first movers to capture markets and become successful.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Findings & Discussion
L'Oreal
Toyota
P&G
Conclusion
From the Paper "L"Oreal is one of the first companies who sought to compete internationally beyond local or regional markets. When it enters a new market, the most significant strategy is to buy and repackage the local brands and make them world-famous. The most famous examples are Maybelline, Soft Sheen and Carson in the United States and Shu Uemura in Japan. L"Oreal was not satisfied with the profit-guaranteed market of Maybelline in Middle America. Aggressively, it promotes its products worldwide. When Carson found a market in South Africa, the Savannah firm, in debt, was unable to do the investment, L?Oreal made it because Owen Jones, the chairman of the company realized that "people of African origin, where they were in the world, were a huge future potential business" (Tomlinson, 2002). In addition to economics of scale to exert its cost advantage, L"Oreal also expands via economics of scope tremendously in years. The company started out in hair dyes. Now they have products in hair color, permanents, hairstyling aids, body and skin care, skin cleansers, and fragrances. Since they market over 500 brands and more than 2000 products, this provides them with a very strong presence in the beauty market. L"Oreal products are found in all distribution channels: hair salons, hypermarkets, supermarkets, health and beauty outlets, and direct mail. This gives them an advantage over competitors with limited distribution outlets."
Abstract The paper examines the origins of the War of the Spanish Succession. It examines Louis XIV's France and review the elements that led to the costly War of the Spanish Succession between 1701 and 1714. In particular, the paper focuses upon the early years of Louis XIV's reign and the War of Devolution between Holland and France.
From the Paper "The origin(s) of the Spanish succession war (1701 - 1714) It is commonly supposed that powerful nations are forever looking for ways to impose their will upon weaker ones. While this sentiment can be - and often is - over-employed, there is little question that superpowers have harboured imperialist ambitions since the beginning of time."
Abstract This essay uncovers how Peter Ueberroth, head of the L.A. Olympic Organizing Committee transformed the games into a monumental opportunity to stage a spectacular event and raise enough to contribute back to the surrounding community. The paper examines the success of the 1984 Olympics through the persepctive of entrepreuneurial organization.
From the Paper "Various factors contributed to the success of the Los Angeles Olympic Organizing Committee (LAOOC) and much was due to the "infective" personality of Peter Ueberroth. However, as biologist Bertalanffy professed through his systems theory "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts".
"Without digging deeply into the theory itself and the resulting holistic philosophy, "systems theory focuses on not only how the parts are arranged and what they do but also the relations which connect the parts into a whole."
Abstract The foundation to the economic recovery has been the very high levels of economic development that Japan has achieved. In the Japanese occupational system, lifetime employment did offer incentive to work hard. This is a very important fact to keep in mind in order to determine the secrets of the success of post-war Japan.
This literature review will examine five scholarly articles focusing on the topic of the determinants of academic success in Asian and other visible minority children.
3,900 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 5 sources, 2002, $ 142.95
Abstract This literature review will examine five scholarly articles focusing on the topic of the determinants of academic success in Asian and other visible minority children. The primary subjects in each studies are children of Asian ethnicity, with children of other ethnic backgrounds selected as controls or comparisons. The five articles were chosen from the existing body of literature on the basis of a brief review which noted points of similarity and contrast in each.
Tags: EDUCATION / EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY, success minority children
Abstract This paper makes the assertion that that future-oriented people are more successful at work as compared to present-oriented people. The paper contends that present-oriented people think of the present and, therefore, leave work for the last possible minute, while future-oriented people are more likely to get work done earlier due to being oriented to the future. The paper goes on to show how a person's orientation to time is fundamentally related to motivation and that those who are future-oriented have a stronger achievement motivation.
From the Paper "Motivation is seen to be the degree to which an individual wants and chooses to behave in certain ways at a given time and place. The motivation for getting out of bed might be the need to make a living, or to provide food and shelter for oneself. Or it could be the individual receives a great deal of satisfaction from the social interaction of a work environment. Many people are gratified and motivated by the sense of accomplishment their work, school or family experiences provide."
Abstract This paper is an analysis of the book "Success in Small and Medium-Scale Enterprises", a report written by Cortes, Berry, and Ishaq on a research project undertaken and published by the World Bank. The paper discusses the main findings of the study, which set out to explain the escalated growth of selected businesses, in comparison to large industries, during the 1970s in Colombia.
From the Paper "Cortes, Berry, and Ishaq in "Success in Small and Medium-Scale Enterprises" set out to explain the escalated growth of these businesses, in comparison to large industries, during the 1970s in Colombia. This book is a report on a research project undertaken and published by the World Bank. The data used in the study are mainly based on surveys of the metal-working and food processing industries. Determinants of efficiency in these industries are examined, along with determinants of viability. Patterns and trends in firm size and distribution are explained by technological factors, demand factors, input supply factors, and constraints on the rate of exchange of output.
Abstract This paper reviews a study that explored the impact of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and the school success of students with anxiety disorders. The author presented the study's hypothesis and methodology. The paper also detailed the population that was used for the study. Finally the reviewer gave the conclusions of the study, which showed that CBT therapy over time will decrease overall anxiety in school children.
Outline:
Research Question
Hypothesis
Methodology
Sample
Results/Findings
Conclusion
Overall Effectiveness
Source Used
From the Paper "Finally, the sample size creates limitations on the generability of the results. Although the results did have overwhelming numbers, a sample size of 38 is inadequate to appropriate to other populations. However, it does raise awareness for educators and parents alike that school and social problems may have a root with an anxiety disorder and that it should not be discounted before an official diagnosis can discount such a cause."
Abstract This paper defines the basics of marketing with the use of resources such as: Barron's "Dictionary of Business Terms; Principles of Marketing "; and "Principles Part 1: About Marketing". The paper also illustrates the importance of marketing in organizational successes by utilizing examples of marketing strategies and tactics from three fast food companies: Taco Bell, Jack-in-the-Box, and Wendy's.
Outline:
Define Marketing
Personal Definition
Marketing
Marketing in Business
Importance of Marketing in Organizational Success Customer Retention
Maintaining Satisfying Relationships
The Food Industry
Jack In The Box
Wendy's
Value for Both
The Market Strategy
Conclusion
From the Paper "In this case, Taco Bell and its marketing campaign that employed a Chihuahua as a spokesperson for its Mexican style food. Awards were received for being one of the most innovative and fun ways and the chief marketing officer had this to say when accepting the Effie Award in 1999: "Taco Bell has a firm commitment that will not only boost revenues but engage the public in a positive and fun way . . . Our advertising goes hand in hand with our promotions and gets viewers and customers involved."
Abstract This paper defines and clarifies the debate over different types of aging. Starting with the revolutionary work of Havighurst in the late 1960's and incorporating research from the present day, this paper defines the three central components of aging: physiological, psychological (cognitive), and social. Numerous examples of both successful and unsuccessful aging across all three components are described, and backed by empirical research. No clear "recipe" for successful aging can be given, but this paper is a thorough and modern overview of this facet of psychology as it stands today.
From the Paper "In the late 16th century the Spanish explorer Ponce de Leon set out on a quest to discover the fountain of youth. Intruding into uncharted and hostile Indian Territory, de Leon was struck dead by an arrow to his heart, at the age of 47. Today millions of Americans and billions worldwide are experiencing the golden years that evaded De Leon. But does older age necessarily equate to 'golden years'? Since at least the 1960s gerontologists have been developing conceptual frameworks, called schema, to describe ideal outcomes of the aging process. One of the most commonly used terms to describe good old age is "successful aging", often attributed to R.J. Havighurst (1961). This concept lies at the core of the practice of gerontology; the Havighurst article appeared as the first conceptual piece in the first issue of the discipline's prime publication, The Gerontologist. Defining 'successful' aging has been an issue of debate ever since. However, a complete definition must include at least three components: physiological, psychological (or cognitive), and social. It also must be able to be clearly distinguished from the opposite end of the spectrum, namely, 'unsuccessful' aging."
An explanation of multiple definitions of marketing along with explanations of the critical nature of marketing to the success of a business organization.
Abstract This paper provides information about the concept of marketing. It includes multiple definitions of marketing along with explanations of the critical nature of marketing to the success of a business organization. The paper includes marketing concepts from a macro-economic and micro-economic perspective. Furthermore, it details recent examples of successful marketing ventures by well-known business organizations.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Defining Marketing
Definition of Marketing
Significance of Marketing in Organizational Success Conclusion
From the Paper "Marketing aspects and activities permeate almost every faction of an individual's life. From televised commercials, newspaper and magazine advertisements to product branding, marketing materials are constantly visible to consumers. Marketing material is extremely high profile because marketing is a critical part of an organization's success. This paper provides multiple definitions of marketing and examples of successful marketing ventures in the business arena. This paper also addresses the vital nature of marketing to the success of an organization."
Abstract The paper maintains that personality, intelligence quotient and emotional intelligence are all important personal aspects of being a successful leader. The paper contends that of these, emotional intelligence is the most important. The paper defines personality and presents Michael W. Eysenck's opinion that there are several ways to define personality.
From the Paper "This paper looks at the attributes of a good leader. In order to be a good leader, it is important to be reasonably intelligent, have a positive, can-do kind of attitude and to have a high emotional intelligence. Of these three, the most important is emotional intelligence, as it enables leaders to communicate and to get their followers on side. This paper offers tips on raising emotional intelligence. In addition, a leader must achieve results, otherwise his/her followers will soon defect. We examine ways of achieving results by developing and implementing effective strategies."
Abstract The paper defines marketing and focuses on the importance of marketing for organizational success. The paper notes several reasons why marketing is critical to the success of an organization. The paper provides examples from the business environment to support these ideas.
From the Paper "In today's marketplace too many businesses focus on selling existing products or services rather than meeting the evolving needs of the customer and, in an increasingly competitive business environment, this isn't always an effective way to ensure financial success. Knowing the customers is one of the most important aspects of marketing, yet often overlooked. To be competitive in the business environment it is critical to understand what marketing is and how the process works."
This paper seeks the meaning of 'success' by examining the philosophy of Socrates as presented in Plato's dialogue "The Crito" and in Robert Frost poem ""Mending Walls".
Abstract This paper explains that the danger with the word 'success' comes when a person lets other people dictate the standards to which a person holds him or herself accountable and that achieving success is about establishing degrees of success in relation to one's values. The author indicates that Socrates is saying that the individual is ultimately accountable for himself, and success should be first and foremost, defined by the individual himself. The paper relates that Robert Frost's famous poem "Mending Wall" is about the dangers of accepting the values of the status quo without first rigorously deciding for oneself if it is right to do so.
From the Paper "Let us make-believe an example to further probe into the issue of how to define success. Let us say Joe is 30 years old, with a job that pays an average salary, and Joe has a wife and two children. Well, one might say, there seem to be a number of ways we might judge whether or not Joe is "successful." From the perspective of Donald Trump, Joe's life may be unsuccessful. From the perspective of an urban welfare recipient, Joe is on top of the world. So what's important? What counts? The answers to questions of Joe's success can only come from one person - Joe himself."
This paper focuses on the research article by M. Jennex and L. Olfman, "A Knowledge Management Success Model: An Extension of DeLone and McLean's IS Success Model".
Abstract This well organized paper reviews a research article by Jennex and Olfman entitled "A Knowledge Management Success Model: An Extension of DeLone and McLean's IS Success Model." First, the paper defines knowledge management and it's role in the corporate world. The paper also describes existing systems that have been used. The author concludes that overall, the research article presented a comprehensive examination of a viable model for testing knowledge management systems (KMS). With future research, based on this study, the KMS success model could be shown to be one of the most effective measurements of KMS systems today.
From the Paper "Knowledge management, according to Jennex and Olfman, can be thought of as the process by which members of an organization pass knowledge to one another (2003). This "knowledge" is tacit and explicit, which, according to Polanyi (1967) and Nonaka (1994), is understood to mean the cognitive and technical knowledge an individual possesses and understands, and the technical components of that knowledge that can be expressed through knowledge representation. These cognitive components are those mental models used by the individual that cannot necessarily be expressed in terms of data, while the technical components can be expressed (Jennex and Olfman, 2003). So, when discussing knowledge management, one can think of the process as the way in which individuals within a group pass concrete and non-concrete information amongst themselves."
