Abstract
This paper defines the basics of marketing with the use of resources such as: Barron's "Dictionary of Business Terms; Principles of Marketing "; and "Principles Part 1: About Marketing". The paper also illustrates the importance of marketing in organizational successes by utilizing examples of marketing strategies and tactics from three fast food companies: Taco Bell, Jack-in-the-Box, and Wendy's.

Outline:
Define Marketing
Personal Definition
Marketing
Marketing in Business
Importance of Marketing in Organizational Success
Customer Retention
Maintaining Satisfying Relationships
The Food Industry
Jack In The Box
Wendy's
Value for Both
The Market Strategy
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In this case, Taco Bell and its marketing campaign that employed a Chihuahua as a spokesperson for its Mexican style food. Awards were received for being one of the most innovative and fun ways and the chief marketing officer had this to say when accepting the Effie Award in 1999: "Taco Bell has a firm commitment that will not only boost revenues but engage the public in a positive and fun way . . . Our advertising goes hand in hand with our promotions and gets viewers and customers involved."

Tags:tactics, influx, consumer, businesses, organizational

Abstract
The writer relates that he designed this 136 page volume to serve as a reference guide rather than a definitive manuscript which could become accessible to anyone who wanted to understand the basic principles of care as I have come to understand them myself. The writer says that the notes he has written here are not intended to be depended upon as a rule of thumb, but rather to serve as a helpful guide, by which nurses may ultimately teach themselves to nurse. The writer adds that the rules he has outlined are meant simply to provide the reader with hints for thought to women who have been put in charge of the well-being of other people.

From the Paper
"I designed this 136 page volume to serve as a reference guide rather than a definitive manuscript which could become accessible to anyone who wanted to understand the basic principles of care as I have come to understand them myself. The notes I have written here are not intended to be depended..."

Tags:nightingale, critical, nursing

Abstract
This paper discusses the need for companies to provide an organizational culture which motivates employees to share their information. The paper cites various studies that have been carried out that show the importance of managing change so that there is always detailed access to information.

From the Paper
"It is the job of human resource management to build an organizational culture which motivates employees to share their information so that it can be captured by the knowledge management system. This is a critical consideration when managing change because the management would need to have detailed access to information in order to conduct the strategic alignment process. According to Dess 2007, this process is conducted in respect of four areas: business strategy, IT strategy, organizational issues and information systems issues. IT strategy must be aligned to business strategy in the form of cost control. Unless these costs are controlled, the company will have lost its strategic focus and change will have done more harm than good. Organizational issues are defined in terms of whether employees have the necessary skills to operate the new system while information systems issues are related to systemic strength."

Tags:quality, consumer, strategy

Abstract
The paper looks at the societies in which live and the relationship of language and society. It studies how
we communicate, how this results in our understanding the world around us, and how language as a social behaviour functions in this communication.

From the Paper
"In the 21st century we live in a reality defined by communication. Indeed, beyond our immediate circle of family and friends and the fifty mile radius of land in which most of us live our daily lives, our knowledge of the world is completely filtered through mass media and/or the Internet. Even with our local sphere communication - in the form of cell phones and local media - contribute to our understanding of the world."

Tags:communication, reality, universe

Abstract
This paper focuses on the definition of social psychology, defining it as a science that peers into the very essence of human nature and takes into account the perspectives of each domain of psychological study. The paper explains that clinical psychology differs from social psychology in that it is involves the treatment of abnormal behavior, whereas general psychology focuses upon the inherent autonomy of the individual with regard to his or her relation to the environment. The paper further notes that sociology is concerned with the scientific analysis of a social institution as a functioning whole and as it relates to the rest of society. The paper discusses correlation research and experimental research. The paper concludes that the study of social psychology is a science that depends upon the revelations of all other forms of scientific study, and has yet to evolve into its final form.

Outline:
Social Psychology Differs from Other Related Disciplines
Research Methods
References

From the Paper
"Within the realm of topics that focus on social psychology various methods of research are used. In coalitional research variables are used to show relationships between methods examined by researchers that are tested to form theories about a given hypothesis. Experimental research is used to detect causal links between variables. Participants are randomly designate to either a control group or an experimental group. In a control group, the individuals receive no treatment; in the experimental group, there may be manipulation of the amount or levels of variables and the effects are then measured. This approach is used to unearth causal relationships among the variables being used. Another type of research used by social psychologists is correlation research. This type of research is used to find "relationships between variables.""

Tags:clinical, experimental, research, sociology

Abstract
The paper offers several definitions of leadership and shows how defining leadership definitively is probably impossible because the definition must depend on a number of changeable factors, such as the nature of the organization and the style of the given leader. The paper develops several general definitions, each offering a particular view of the way the leader behaves and how effective the leader can be. The paper stresses that how a leader actually behaves depends on what style he or she adopts, which in turn depends on personality traits and other elements that may be different in different situations.

Outline:
Introduction
Definitions of Leadership
Application
Leadership Styles
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Leadership is a concept many people think they understand instinctively, but numerous definitions have been offered of leadership over the years, along with many theories of why leadership is important, what elements make up leadership, how leadership can be most effective, and what sorts of organizations may require what sorts of leadership. Indeed, the concept of leadership has been given special attention by numerous writers and academics who seem to see special qualities that define leadership and that one might pursue to be a better leader."

Tags:personality, traits, organization, group, company, culture, transactional, transformational

Abstract
The paper defines torture and describes the two types of torture, physical and mental. The paper elucidates on the results of torture having life-long negative emotional and psychological effects. The paper then also describes torture as the utilization or threatened utilization of mind and body altering drugs, or the threat of imminent death or severe physical or mental pain. . The paper concludes that there is ample evidence that there is little if any validity to the use of torture in actually gaining information, or making the world a safer place, in fact in the case of terrorists our own acts of hypocrisy further feed the fire of hatred for the West and all she stands for.

Outline:
Introduction
History of Torture
Support for Torture
Arguments against Torture
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The work then goes on to describe the utilization or threatened utilization of mind and body altering drugs, the threat of imminent death, or the threat of imminent death or severe physical or mental pain to another. (29) In this message the acknowledgement of the legal and social restrictions of the use of torture is not only implied but demonstratively agreed upon by the preeminent legal body of the United States. It would seem strange then that this nation and others who have taken public stands against the utilization of torture continue to keep it in their own arsenal of tactics for use against those who are perceived as threatening to the nation or the world. In fact in Levinson's introduction it is stated that at the time of the compilation and publish of the work 130 nations had ratified the United Nations Convention Against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, which went into force in 1987 some nations and organizations have spoken out individually in addition through national legislation and the ratification of other documents which are to be considered core national and international doctrines and law, and yet torture still occurs on a daily basis, and is condoned and utilized even by those nations that profess through official means to never use or condone it, including but certainly not limited to the US, Great Britain and Israel, all of who have been found in legal arenas to be guilty of it. Levinson even quotes a confessed and convicted torturer as saying that when we as a world stop speaking out against torture in official ways, we as a world will cease to be human. Of coarse this is not to say that rogue nations, terrorists and other political bodies do not also use such tactics, as can be seen in the autobiographical work, Prisoner Without a Name, Cell Without a Number, by Jacobo Timmerman. The work accounts a long ordeal of torture and imprisonment at the hands of the Argentinean government under a totalitarian regime in the 1970s. "

Tags:torture, inhumanity

Abstract
This paper looks at both sides of the argument about whether the teaching profession should be defined as an art or a science. The paper presents theories in support of both opinions, but concludes that the teaching profession would benefit most if it would to be defined as both an art and a science.

From the Paper
"The issue of whether teaching is an art or a science is framed wrong, for teaching is both an art and a science. The pedagogical element of teaching is a science, involving learning material and how to impart that material as bet as is known. The aspect of teaching that is most concerned with human interaction, with the guidance of students and the control of the classroom, is most certainly an art. Different analysts have selected one or the other as the essence of teaching, seeing teaching as an art or a science while often failing to see that teaching at its best is really a combination of the two."

Tags:student, teacher, education, classroom

From the Paper
"Until the late 1800s, employees provided their services to their employers for a fixed wage with little or no other available compensation. Retirement planning was a mixture of savings and dependence on younger family members. By the end of the nineteenth century, that situation was changing. Railroads, banks and utilities began to provide retirement benefits to employees who had worked for the companies for a number of years, and employees began to consider those benefits as part of a larger compensation package. Initially, most employers set up defined benefit plans; the latter half of this century has seen the rise of defined contribution plans, as well. By 1987, more than 40 million American workers were covered by more than 232,000 defined benefit plans with assets of almost 900 billion dollars (Seburn, 16). This research examines the two prominent types ..."

Abstract
The paper discusses how the European settlers long utilized boundary setting and the definition of geographical boundaries for both cartographic and political purposes. The paper describes how in Canada, the earliest settlers essentially redefined the boundaries of the territory in a fashion that facilitated its exploitation.

Tags:toronto, geography, boundaries