Abstract
This paper examines "The Opportunity to Define an Era" by foreign policy planner Richard Haass. It includes proposals for integrated agreements among major powers, led by the United States, with analysis of current problems.

From the Paper
" Richard Haass the former director of Policy Planning in the U S State Department and now president of the Council on Foreign Relations proposes a realistic yet optimistic foreign policy to turn the dangers of .."

Tags:International, relations., Middle, East., History., Poliltical, Science., Iraq., Terrorism.

Abstract
This essay discusses how eminent Americans through the country's history have tried to define the unique nature of the American. The writer considers de Crevecoeur's "new man" who represents a rupture from a corrupt past in Europe. The writer then considers Franklin's "self-made man" who is a model of independence, common sense and industry. The writer then considers Jefferson's philosophy of "true respect for the individual" and how it served to frame the constitution. Finally, the writer looks at Emerson's "non-conformist" who is able to transcend all oppressive and made structures to establish an inner freedom that reflects the outer.

From the Paper
"The uniqueness of the American is attested to throughout the history of the nation by various eminent Americans, and also by perceptive foreign commentators. The 19th century French historian Alexis de Tocqueville is most famous for highlighting the unique dynamism of the American to the world, emphasizing the values of liberty, equality, opportunity and the democratic ideal. ``Americans are so enamored of equality'' he writes, ``that they would rather be equal in slavery than unequal in freedom'' (Wheelwright 427). The same sense of uniqueness comes across in the phrase ``manifest destiny'' as usually applied to the American nation, implying a central role that this nation was meant to play in future world history. This essay discusses how eminent Americans have tried to define the American character and highlight its uniqueness.
"When Hector St. John de Crivecoeur proceeded to define an American he concentrated on the severance from a corrupt European past, and therefore he stressed the possibilities that stem from a new beginning on a virgin continent."

Tags:Crevecoeur, new, man, self-made, man, independence, common, sense

Abstract
This paper argues that defining and describing cross-cultural similarities and differences is best accomplished by using culture-general rather than culture specific dimensions. The paper defines culture and discusses the problems associated with culture-specific information, particularly in that one usually finds exceptions rather than the general rules of the culture.

From the Paper
"By adopting the perspective that cultures begin with some universal similarities, research into cross-cultural differences takes on more widely understood parameters. The scientific community itself, by adopting certain universal standards so that everyone can communicate the same information is certainly an example of this. While generalizing about different cultures may have some drawbacks, it is certainly an acceptable risk when compared to the bias that can result when researchers attempt to look more closely at particulars and judge them without having an overall framework of understanding."

Tags:exceptions, knowledge, society

Abstract
In this article, the writer defines how campaign slogans and the use of advertisements help shape the male image. The writer points out that the use of tag words, color design and male gender items have all contributed to the new 'masculinity' we see in today's society. The writer examines the issues around defining "masculinity" and the role that company slogans play on the male gender role. The writer presents an examination of Proctor and Gamble's "the best a man can get" campaign and the effects it has had on the male image in the United Kingdom.

Outline:
Introduction
Literary Review
Societal Shift
Media Influence

From the Paper
"It is difficult to measure and identify masculinity. Over the centuries sociologists and psychologists have tried to depict what defines a male. There are many factors to take into consideration when compiling a theory on the attributes and characteristics on masculinity. Some theorists argue that it is the common view of society that plays a key role in the ideal and self-identity of the man. While others stipulate that it is the familial structure that is the direct affect to creating masculinity. In either case, most theories are based on the idea that external situations and experiences are the immediate relationship to defining masculinity and our view of what is considered to be male or female. The gender roles have been particularly defined in the consumer market. Product innovation and advertising campaigns have played a strong role in dividing the sexual characteristics. Companies are quick to leverage products that are geared at either men or women in their announcements, design and packaging. Tactics used by corporations to ensure stable yearly profits, have contributed in the characterization of the masculine image. The globalization of organizations as well as advancements in communication technology have allowed companies to reach a larger scale of consumers, which has also created a more diversified vision of what is meant in terms of masculinity."

Tags:masculinity, Gillette, male, slogans, advertizing

Abstract
This paper looks at both sides of the argument about whether the teaching profession should be defined as an art or a science. The paper presents theories in support of both opinions, but concludes that the teaching profession would benefit most if it would to be defined as both an art and a science.

From the Paper
"The issue of whether teaching is an art or a science is framed wrong, for teaching is both an art and a science. The pedagogical element of teaching is a science, involving learning material and how to impart that material as bet as is known. The aspect of teaching that is most concerned with human interaction, with the guidance of students and the control of the classroom, is most certainly an art. Different analysts have selected one or the other as the essence of teaching, seeing teaching as an art or a science while often failing to see that teaching at its best is really a combination of the two."

Tags:student, teacher, education, classroom

Abstract
This paper defines the basics of marketing with the use of resources such as: Barron's "Dictionary of Business Terms; Principles of Marketing "; and "Principles Part 1: About Marketing". The paper also illustrates the importance of marketing in organizational successes by utilizing examples of marketing strategies and tactics from three fast food companies: Taco Bell, Jack-in-the-Box, and Wendy's.

Outline:
Define Marketing
Personal Definition
Marketing
Marketing in Business
Importance of Marketing in Organizational Success
Customer Retention
Maintaining Satisfying Relationships
The Food Industry
Jack In The Box
Wendy's
Value for Both
The Market Strategy
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In this case, Taco Bell and its marketing campaign that employed a Chihuahua as a spokesperson for its Mexican style food. Awards were received for being one of the most innovative and fun ways and the chief marketing officer had this to say when accepting the Effie Award in 1999: "Taco Bell has a firm commitment that will not only boost revenues but engage the public in a positive and fun way . . . Our advertising goes hand in hand with our promotions and gets viewers and customers involved."

Tags:tactics, influx, consumer, businesses, organizational

Abstract
This paper discusses the definition of feminism and the goals of the movement as further exemplified in Kate Chopin's novel, "The Awakening." According to the paper, the feminist struggle has been fought largely in an attempt to establish an individual sense of identity that is not dependent on gender. This is seen the conflict faced by the protagonist in Chopin's novel, Edna Pontellier. The paper notes that the novel is primarily concerned with Edna Pontellier's attempts to find and define herself, and her "awakening" to the realities of her identity as a woman in the early years of the twentieth century. The paper describes the characters from whom Edna must escape, namely her husband and children. The paper concludes by stating that "The Awakening" is about a woman having the ability and the opportunity to choose an identity, whatever it may be.

From the Paper
"Nothing makes this more apparent than the famous (or infamous, at the time of the book's publication) ending of the novel, in which Edna Pontellier divests herself of her clothing and her life as she wades out into the ocean and succumbs to drowning. The way in which the water is described reflects the importance of identity and one's ability to carve it out in this novel: "The voice of the sea is seductive, never ceasing, whispering, clamoring, murmuring, inviting the soul to wander in abysses of solitude" (Chopin, ch. 39). The "abysses of solitude" that are so inviting to Edna at this point can be seen as a sort of freedom--she has spent almost her entire life (and the bulk of the novel) as a fixture in other people's lives, defined by her external roles rather than by any sort of developed sense of interiority. She awakens to this interiority during the course of the novel, but realizes that her desires and her sense of self are incompatible with societies construct, and she seeks the freedom of solitude in the sea, and in death."

Tags:patriarchy, Madame Ratignolle, Edna Pontellier, liberation, gender roles

Abstract
This paper explains how hard it is to pinpoint the meanings of normal and abnormal behaviors even for psychologists who specialize in this particular field of psychology. It goes on to break down some of the various challenges in being able to define and classify normal and abnormal behavior taking into account variables such as culture, gender and politics. It also includes a few examples of the challenges that professionals are faced with when it comes to diagnosing their patients.

Outline:
Politics
Culture
Gender
Mind Body Connection
Conclusion

From the Paper
''Normal and abnormal are quite possibly two of the hardest words in the English language to attempt to describe. With the addition of things such as different cultural and political views, trying to pinpoint what exactly is normal and abnormal gets to be even more of a challenge; even for psychologists who specialize in the this particular field of psychology. This paper will break down some of the various challenges in being able to define and classify normal and abnormal behavior.
''Psychology is a far-reaching field that seeks to evaluate the human psyche. The history of psychology developed decades ago when a psychologist name Wilhelm Wundt established the first laboratory solely dedicated to psychology. Since that time, numerous psychologists have celebrated success for their efforts in understanding the cloak-and-dagger of psychology.''

Tags:behavior, challenge, psychologists

Abstract
This paper talks about the different viewpoints and arguments about what marriage is and should be. The paper also talks about how the issue that faces most homosexual couples seeking a" recognized union" is whether they are being granted the same equal rights that the Constitution promotes.

From the Paper
"Many religious conservatives feel that marriage is a sacred, a holy union, which should not be tarnished by allowing people of the same sex to join in holy matrimony. What is further compounding and confusing this issue making it so complex is the fact that many different people are debating their viewpoints from totally separate angles. For example, right-winged legal groups feel that allowing homosexual couples to marry would take away from the holy concept of a marriage being solely between a man and woman. Whereas the issue that faces most homosexual couples seeking a "recognized union" is not whether or not their type of relationship is seen to other people as religiously acceptable or moral, but whether or not they are being granted the same and equal rights that our beloved constitution promotes and protects for all."

Tags:marriage, equal, rights, homosexuals, same, sex, relationship

Abstract
This paper examines the modernist writers' contribution to our fallen society. It looks at the anti-Christian themes of modern literature, through the example of the writing of Ezra Pound, Gertrude Stein, Franz Kafka, and Knut Hamsun. The author states that the modernists helped cause the great nation of America to slip away from her Godly heritage.

From the Paper
"Modernism is a noun that means, a practice, movement, or belief peculiar to modern times. (Webster's) This literature movement is associated with writers such as Thomas Stearn Eliot, James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, W.B. Yeats, Ezra Pound, Gertrude Stein, Franz Kafka, and Knut Hamsun. These writers wanted to get rid of the aesthetic burden of the realist novel (Keep)"

Tags:modern, society, divorce, Ezra, Pound, Gertrude, Stein, Franz, Kafka, Knut, Hamsun