Abstract
The paper discusses how America is a "wired" nation; over the past few decades, computers have come to run the country's financial institutions, America's universities, its tax collection services, its law enforcement apparatus, and its military defense system. The paper points out that because of all this, any compromising of the passwords or firewalls built around those electronic networks can create enormous problems. The paper describes how if sensitive government information - or information on American citizens - falls into the wrong hands, such as the clutches of terrorists, the end result could be a shocking loss of innocent life. In a similar vein, the paper considers how if the defense networks safeguarding the United States of America were to be suddenly rendered inoperable, then rogue states harboring nuclear weapons would be able to direct those weapons at US targets without an appropriate defense response being in the offing. As an additional point, the paper notes that the nuclear warheads in this nation's imposing arsenal are, for all intents and purposes, computer-controlled; if terrorist hackers were to compromise domestic electronic defense systems, it is entirely likely that nuclear payloads could be unleashed on American cities. With all this in mind, the paper discusses how the electronic defense system in the world's most powerful state is protected, how vulnerable it may be, what the consequences of a security breach could be, and what additional steps we should take to protect ourselves. In the end, the paper shows how being the world's hyper-power is a bulwark in many ways against attack, but our elevated position does not leave us invulnerable.

From the Paper
"It may be said that America is a "wired" nation. To wit, over the past few decades, computers have come to run the country's financial institutions (specifically the data collection of those institutions), America's universities, its tax collection services, its law enforcement apparatus, and its military defense system. Because of all this, any compromising of the passwords or firewalls built around those electronic networks can create enormous problems. Suffice it to say, if sensitive government information - or information on American citizens - falls into the wrong hands, such as the clutches of terrorists, the end result could be a..."

Tags:computers, national, defense

Abstract
This paper takes a look at global defense companies and the adaptations they have been forced to make over the years, in order to survive. According to the paper, defense spending has resulted in increased production of goods and services needed to satisfy the increased demand, a process that contributes to higher income and employment in the economy. The paper discusses how cutbacks influence the general economy.

Outline:
Chapter One: Introduction
Chapter Two: What are the Research and Development (R&D) Options for Companies such as NGC?
Chapter Three: What Options will be Most Beneficial to the Employees and the General Public of the U.S.?
Chapter Four: Can the U.S. Remain a Superpower and Protect Its People from Terrorism while Reducing Its Military?
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In spite of these changes in the nature of the threats being arrayed against the U.S. at home and its interests and allies abroad and despite President Bush's articulation of specific campaign promises to "skip a generation" in weapons procurement, all three of the Pentagon's advanced fighter plane programs continued to receive funding; in fact, in 2002 alone, almost $12 billion was allocated to the Air Force's F-22 Raptor, the Joint Strike Fighter/F-35, and the Navy's F-18E/F fighter plane (Ciarroco, 2002). According to Ciarroco, "The F-22 has been described as a costly cold war relic designed for an enemy that no longer exists. The Super Hornet, as the F-18E/F is known, has not been able to meet key performance goals that were used to justify its development" (2002, p. 2). The JSF (also known as the F-35) was considered one of the more likely programs to be cut or scaled back; within weeks of September 11, 2001, though, Lockheed Martin was awarded a $19 billion development contract, and international partners formally joined (Ciarroco, 2002). "

Tags:NGC, weapons, research, development, defense, budget, battlefields, pentagon, government

Abstract
The paper discusses how in the past few decades, the United States and most of the industrialized world has begun to use the technology of computers on a daily basis. The paper notes that computers run most of the data banks at financial institutions, universities, and even control much of our country's military defense system, and although such systems are protected through elaborate password and security measures, they are not beyond infiltration by determined hackers or even terrorists. The paper relates that should our defense system be compromised, our safety, and that of the entire world is at risk, as nuclear war could very well be the result of such a permeation of the system.

From the Paper
"In the past few decades the United States and most of the industrialized world has begun to use the technology of computers on a daily basis. Computers run most of the data banks at financial institutions, universities, and even control much of our country's military defense..."

Tags:computers, defense, security

Abstract
This paper examines the use of the insanity defense in criminal law, with a focus on the legal issues involved with verdicts of "not guilty by reason of insanity" also known as NGRI and "guilty but mentally ill." The paper traces the use of the insanity defense, citing specific cases and the precedents they set. In particular, the paper discusses the M'Naghten rule at length. The paper further highlights the difficulties in proving insanity by describing specific cases and giving a brief literature review. The paper also explores the concept of premeditation. The paper concludes that trials dealing with issues such as mental illness are ones that should not be taken lightly and should be viewed upon in all facets of the criminal justice system.

From the Paper
"The M'Naghten rule deals what is known as the "Right-Wrong Test." According to the book on Criminal Law by Joe Samaha, the "Right-Wrong Test" deals with the two main points that the "defendant" had to have had a "defect" or "mental disease" at the time that the defendant committed the crime. The second part of the Right-Wrong test is that the defendant was not aware of the aforementioned problems (the defendant was not aware of the full extent of the problems) and that the defendant's actions were "wrong." "

Tags:mental incapacity, defense attorneys, trials, Irresistible Impulse Test, NGRI

Abstract
This paper evaluates the case of Andrea Yates and whether it meets the standards of the insanity defense under Texas law. The paper theoretically applies the insanity defense to various standards.

From the Paper
"Under the current Texas law it is highly unlikely that Andrea Yates would meet the requirements for an insanity plea. The facts of the case show that Andrea Yates was mentally ill during the period of and leading up to her commission of the murders. It was also shown that the mental illness severely impaired her judgment and perceptions of reality. However Yates' state of mind during the commission of the crime still does not fall under the narrow parameters the ..."

Tags:Texas Insanity Defense, Andrea Yates, Mental Illness

Abstract
This paper reviews current law in the United States and in California on the insanity defense in criminal trials. It looks at the historical roots of mental illness as a defense and the application of rights and the rules of law. The paper cites cases.

From the Paper
"Historically the roots of the legal notion that mental abnormality instability or insanity should be considered in assessing criminal liability date back to Greece before the birth of Christ. Based in large measure ..."

Tags:law, insanity defense, California, criminal

Abstract
This paper is a critique of the essay "A Defense of Abortion" by Judith Jarvis Thomson. It analyzes Thomson's agreement with abortion opponents that a fetus is a person. It also discusses the competing rights to life issue of fetus and pregnant woman. The paper examines Thomson's contention that women have the right to control their bodies.

From the Paper
"In her essay titled A Defense of Abortion Judith Jarvis Thomson grants abortion opponents' argument that a fetus is a person from the moment of conception ..."

Tags:abortion, defense

Abstract
This report analyzes the problem that the Department of Defense faced regarding the Y2K issue. The paper explores what course of actions they must undertake to tackle the problem. In the end the report summarizes conclusions and suggests recommendations.

Tags:y2k, department, defense

Abstract
This paper presents a case study of Canada's Department of National Defense and reviews the strategic direction and structural organization of the department as well as its history and development. Many tables, diagrams and graphs are included with the paper.

From the Paper
"...Thus, the overall mission and responsibilities of the Department of National Defense ultimately acts to uphold democracy, individual rights and freedoms, peace and order, good government, and a sustainable and stable economy..."

Tags:canada, case, defense, national, political, science, study, ministry

Abstract
This paper explains that H.E. Huntley, in his book "The Divine Proportion" claims that beauty exists as a principle, which is external and transcendent to any individual human being's ability to create either equations or art. The paper also discusses Huntley's arguement that the 'Golden Ratio', also known as phi, is the supreme proof that God is a mathematician and that the mathematician and creator God appreciates nature. The paper concludes that Huntley's book is clearly not aimed at mathematicians, given that he is trying to defend his profession and the beauty of math; however, most people lacking fairly solid math skills would find this book a very difficult read, except for its first and last chapters.

From the Paper
"Huntley's last chapters shift somewhat from the defense of the 'Golden Ratio' as proof of the existence of universal ideals of beauty and proportionality, and moves on into a more general defense of mathematics as a discipline that is in pursuit of beauty no less than sculpture or art. But why does mathematics need to defend itself as beautiful, to hold its place beside art, poetry, and philosophy? The divisions between the disciplines that did not exist for the ancient Greeks say more about the development of our culture into a split between the sciences and the arts than a failure to recognize the capabilities of mathematics' contribution to the world in general."

Tags:phi, golden rule, fibonacci sequences, defense proportionality