Abstract
This paper explains that recent studies have associated positively DVT or deep vein thrombosis with internet usage, gaming and internet cafes, indicating that there might be severe risks associated with extended computer use without exercise. The author points out that deep vein thrombosis is generally caused by a thickening of blood in the veins, which can be life-threatening when a clot is formed that can travel to the heart or other vital organs. The paper states that the objectives of the study are (1) to ascertain the relationship of computer usage and the role that internet cafes play in the prevalence of deep vein thrombosis (2) to discover ways to alleviate and prevent DVT and (3) to take into account other variables, such as obesity, blood diseases that lead to clotting, smoking and a family history of DVT.

From the Paper
"This study is particularly pertinent to the Asian Internet cafes and community situation as countries like Korea have become the center of the online gaming community. "If Japan is the hub of the console industry, then neighboring South Korea is the hub of the online gaming industry - most notably, the massively multiplayer online gaming industry." In this regard Korea is known as the world's "most wired society" and the amount of tie spent on online gaming is very high, making it a country where rates of DVT can be expected to increase."

Tags:air-travel, sitting, relationship, factors, objectives

Abstract
This paper addresses the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of deep vein thrombosis. It provides an overview of the body's two systems of veins and discusses how deep vein thrombosis can occur. The paper also discusses the methods of diagnosis of the disease and then looks at the various ways that it can be treated - both surgically and non-surgically.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Overview
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment

From the Paper
"In instances of complicated thrombosis, including patients with pulmonary embolus, most often these patients are admitted to an acute care inpatient unit. There they receive an unfractionated IV heparin drip and then are subsequently converted to enoxaparin at a rate of 1 mg/kg, injected subcutaneously, every 12 hours. Eisenson (2007) cites Buller et al. as recommending against the use of an inferior vena cava filter in addition to anticoagulants, for the initial treatment, unless there is a contraindication for or complication of anticoagulant treatment. Or if thromboembolism is recurrent, despite anticoagulation."

Tags:DVT, compression stockings, catheter thrombolysis

Abstract
This paper explains that Hayes et al. as presented in 'Graduated Compression Stockings: Updating Practice, Improving Compliance' in the 2002 "MedSurg Nursing" used qualitative research based on interviews; however, there was no report of the literature review, research design or description of the participants. The author points out that the article by Sprigg and Gray 'Compression Stockings and the Prevention of Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolism' from a 2004 "Evidence Based Practice Information Sheets for Health Professionals" described a nested observational design but has problems with validity and reliability and therefore cannot be generalizable to all patients. The paper concludes that the best article is the systematic review by the American Nurses Association 'Graduated Compression Stockings: Prevention of Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism is Crucial' in a 2006 "American Journal of Nursing" because the suggestions and recommendations are based directly on the research and are usable.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Qualitative
Quantitative
Systematic Review
Ratings
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Sprigg and Gray's (2004) study is strong because of its use of confounders such as medications and the effect of other illnesses. The committee was blinded to what patients were wearing stockings. Data were collected three times and consisted of assessing the patient for either adverse or beneficial outcomes. There were no withdrawals but two percent were excluded. The rating would be S (strong). Hayes et al. (2002) supply very little information. The only information is on data collection which was done through interviews."

Tags:criteria, patients, treatment, meta-analysis, recommendations

From the Paper
"A clot in a blood vessel is called a thrombus, and venous thrombosis usually refers to a condition in the deep veins of the legs known as deep vein thrombosis. Thrombosis can occur in other veins, but it is deep vein thrombosis (DVT) that is potentially dangerous. This paper will look at the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of deep vein thrombosis.

"The legs contain two major groups of veins: superficial veins which lie in the fatty layer under the skin, and deep veins which lie within the calf muscles. Short veins connect these two venous groups. Thrombi in the superficial veins are harmless, but thrombi in the deep veins can break loose and lodge in small arteries in the lung (emboli) obstructing blood flow (Berkow, Beers and Fletcher, 1997, p. 141). Most of the blood from the legs returns to the lungs, so large emboli can be fatal..."

Abstract
Graduated compression stockings are widely used to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT), but their use in clinical practice is variable and is usually not as effective as research suggests. This paper discusses the most appropriate nursing intervention to prevent the incidence of deep vein thrombosis among postoperative elderly patients with hip fracture by reviewing three articles consisting of quantitative, qualitative, and systematic research. Using specific criteria to assess each article, the paper determines which article is the most useful.

Outline:
Relevance and Significance
Summary of Evidence
Research Problem
Purpose
The Studies
Qualitative
Quantitative
Systematic
Implications for Practice
Strategies to Change Practice
Appendix A
Appendix B

From the Paper
"The American Nurses Association (2006) conducted a systematic study where the focused research question was: Are graduated compression stockings effective for the prevention of DVT? The criteria were that definite conclusions about effectiveness had to be possible. The criteria were appropriate and clear since samples had to be large and below-knee stockings evaluated. It is not likely any relevant studies were missed since the research was done by the American Nurses Association (2006) to guide practice. The validity was carefully appraised to the extent that all the studies were discarded. The results were not similar. They were divided into two groups: stockings versus no stockings and stockings combined with another preventive measure. It was the difference between studies that caused the problem. "

Tags:compression, stockings

Abstract
The paper reveals that Deep Vein Thrombosis strikes more than 1000 adults per year, and DVT causes pain, suffering and death if not diagnosed and treated correctly. The paper explains that DVT consists of blood clots in the pelvic area, legs and/or upper extremities, and DVT becomes deadly when the blood clot breaks off from the vein and lodges in the lung arteries. The paper reveals that DVT is often a silent killer that is treated as pneumonia, heart attack and anxiety (Goldhaber and Fanikos, 2004).

From the Paper
"Deep Vein Thrombosis strikes more than 1000 adults per year. DVT causes pain, suffering and death if not diagnosed and treated correctly. DVT consists of blood clots in the pelvic area, legs and/or upper extremities. DVT becomes deadly when the blood clot breaks off from the vein and lodges in the lung arteries. DVT is often a silent killer that is treated as pneumonia, heart attack and anxiety (Goldhaber and Fanikos, 2004). Awareness is the best way to treat DVT. Lifestyle changes are needed even before diagnosis of DVT to create a safer higher quality of life. Preventing DVT is a better way of eliminating the risks of the disease..."

Tags:prevention, of, dvt

Abstract
This paper presents a brief historical perspective of inferior vena cava filters, discusses the effectiveness for individuals suffering deep vein thrombosis (DVT), points out indications and contraindications for use and potential short and long term side effects. The history presented stems from the concept of DVT in 1860 to surgical interventions in the 1930s and 40s to the development of the IVC filter in 1967 and then on to the developments in the present.

From the Paper
"In 1967, Siskin and Kwan tell us that the first inferior vena cava (IVC) filter, the Mobin-Uddin umbrella filter, was developed by a surgical forum to replace surgical ligation and prevent the occurrence of a pulmonary embolism. From that its first introduction in practice in 1972 research indicates that in the last 34 years (Siskin and Kwan; Gomez, Salwon & Basson) filters of varying shapes and materials have been developed. This paper presents a brief historical history, effectivity for individuals suffering deep vein thrombosis (DVT), indications and contraindications as well as potential short and long-term side effects."

Tags:ivc, filter, dvt

Abstract
The paper introduces and explains bioluminescence, a capability found in various deep sea species towards the generation of usually blue-green light by way of a unique processes. The paper explains that this capability arises independently in 30 or so evolutionary patterns. The paper addresses the implications of bioluminescence and looks at the scientific applications that make use of capable bacteria/small organisms whose light generating ability alters in response to chemical changes.

From the Paper
"Bioluminescence refers to the production of light within living organisms that is common to many sea animals and a few land species. The process refers to a chemical reaction whereby there is an emission of light by an organism, as can also be reproduced in test-tube scenarios involving a biochemical system derived from an organism. The etymology of the term involves the Greek bios or `living' and the Latin lumen or `light'. The self-production and emission of light by chemical reaction involves a conversation of chemical to light energy that..."

Tags:bioluminescence, deep sea, implications

Abstract
A paper on deep ecology which analyzes how it relates to environment and organisms.

Tags:deep, ecology

Abstract
This paper describes and analyzes the philosophical differences between deep ecologists and shallow ecologists, and how they view renewable energy. The paper also defines each and their approaches to ecology. The paper also explores the evolution of each philosophical outlook and its main principles.

From the Paper
"The main difference between deep ecology and shallow ecology is that deep ecology believes in the intrinsic value of everything on earth, human and nonhuman alike. Shallow ecology assigns value to an inhuman object in so far as it is instrumental to human ends. (Roberts) The glossary definition of shallow ecology is a critical term applied to superficial environmentalists who claim to be green but who are quick to compromise and who do little to bring about fundamental change. Shallow ecology was the dominant thought until..."

Tags:deep ecology, shallow ecology, renewable energy