Abstract In Shakespeare's "Othello", deceit and jealousy combine to make one of the most disturbing tragedies of all time. This paper discusses how, at the helm of this disturbing voyage is the villainous Iago, driven by pure malice. In particular, the paper looks at how there is a great irony in this story, since Iago's plan to dismantle all virtue and trust amongst the targeted characters would never have been successful without his own wife Emilia's complete, unwaveringtrust and obedience.
From the Paper "The first example of Emilia's unique and seemingly tolerant trust in her husband is shown early in the play. Upon arriving in Cyprus, Iago socially insults his wife in front of Cassio, Desdemona and others. Instead of immediately playing along, she falls silent, waiting for a cue from her husband. Her friend Desdemona notices this immediately: "Alas, she has no speech (II.1.118)." Emilia simply allows Desdemona to defend her, letting the game pass over her. This silence illustrates a great deal about the relationship between the couple. Even though Emilia eventually plays along with the game, "You shall not write my praise (II.1.132)," she clearly allows Iago to be in control of the situation. "
Abstract This paper examines how trust is developed or formed, what results when trust is not formed and finally, what results when trust is violated. The paper looks at two types of trust, known as calculus-based trust and identification-based trust. The paper reviews several studies and concludes that trust, although it is intangible, is crucially important in relationships with any depth and commitment.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Discussion
Review of Previous Studies
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper "Some individuals trust very easily, and often far too easily which results in others taking advantage of their vulnerability while other individuals rarely trust others and only manage to extend trust after a firm foundation has been laid to base that trust upon. While violation of trust between casual relationships may not result in a complete breakdown of the relationship and it may be able to continue on some level the violation of trust between two individuals who are intimately close often results in a breakdown leaving a chasm far too wide to cross and at best takes much time, effort and willingness for trust to re-established and this may only result if the victim of the violation has the willingness to do so."
Abstract Is the current body of U.S. anti-trust law good public policy? This paper describes the roots and the current status of antitrust legislation in the U.S. with special mentioning of the Puerto Rican situation. It also covers the economic reasoning of antitrust in the light of per se unfair practices and business justification. Then, it moves on to give an overview of international antitrust regimes, namely EU, Germany, China and Brazil. It then discusses the call for loosening the law to create national champions that can compete on an international level.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
History of Antitrust Law
Public Policy Goals of Antitrust Legislation
Overview of The Economics of Antitrust
The Law: Per Se Deceptive and Unfair Business Practices and "Rule of Reason
Agencies
Consequences
International Perspective
Public Policy Discussion: The Need for National Champions?
From the Paper "In a concentrated market, with only a few firms, the danger is that they may find it easier to lessen competition by colluding. For example, they may agree on the prices they will charge consumers. The collusion could be in (i) an explicit agreement, or in a more subtle form known as (ii) tacit coordination or coordinated interaction . Accordingly, some cases are easier than others. The courts decided many years ago that certain practices, such as price fixing, are so inherently harmful to consumers that a detailed examination is not necessary to determine whether they are reasonable. The law presumes that they are violations - so-called per se violations - and condemns them almost automatically. Other practices demand closer scrutiny based on principles that the courts and antitrust agencies have developed. These cases are examined under a "rule of reason" analysis."
Abstract This paper discusses the argument of Francis Fukuyama in his book 'Trust', in which he addresses many of the flaws he finds in the modern capitalist democracy and considers the need for a more ethical regime to determine behavior in both the political and economic realms. This is a very cogent analysis for a time beset by political scandals and ethical failures in business such as the Enron collapse or even the current concern about excessive profits on the part of oil companies.
From the Paper "Francis Fukuyama has written a number of books on economic and political issues. In his book Trust, Fukuyama addresses many of the flaws he finds in the modern capitalist democracy and considers the need for a more ethical regime to determine behavior in both the political and economic realms. This is a very cogent analysis for a time beset by political scandals and ethical failures in business, such as the Enron collapse or even the current concern about excessive profits on the part of oil companies. The subtitle of the book is "The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity," relating economic prosperity with social virtues and ethical behavior. He uses the word "trust" in its broadest sense as what people want in society, meaning they want to be able to trust their institutions, their leaders, and the businesses with which they deal. "
Abstract This is a series of three short papers, the first two of which are both on the same subject matter, "trust in personal and professional relationships." These two essays use two different rhetorical models for discussing the same subject. The third essay is a process analysis of the writing styles and following the instructions given in order to write the first two essays.
From the Paper "Can I trust you to take care of that order by tomorrow morning?" the boss asks the new night shift worker. "Sure thing!" Bobby says. As Mr. Smith and his beautiful secretary are preparing to go out of town on a business trip, Mrs. Smith asks, "Can I trust you?" Although the words are the same in both situations, the implications are vastly different. There are several classifications of trust that have major impacts on our lives, but most fall into one of three categories: professional, personal or relationship-based and financial, and within each of these categories the emotional implications of maintaining or losing trust vary widely."
Abstract This paper examines the infant-toddler centers and preschools established in Reggio Emilia, Italy, which have drawn much interest for their view of the teacher as fellow learner. In the Reggio Emilia system, parents are also encouraged to join in school activities in a democratic and dynamic environment. The paper points out that this system has raised helpful questions as to how the child is regarded, the teacher's role and pedagogy before the age of 6. The paper also points out that Reggio Emilia ideas are now fairly popular in North America, where early childhood education has been a major concern due to the postmodern condition of altered family life, daycare as a mass need, and the failing American educational system. Since the 1980s, varying investment in facilities for early childhood education has helped a flowering of scholarship and some experimentation. The paper concludes that the generation of Reggio Emilia's remarkable early childhood education system occurred under conditions that North American educators might see as ideal for promoting a strong community with supportive and participating parents who value education.
Outline:
Introduction
Reggio Emilia Education
The Unexpected
Adapting for Other Children?
Concluding Discussion
From the Paper "A paper by John Nimmo supplies an Australian reflection on the Reggio Emilia model. (1998) All its points considered, Reggio Emilia education may be most useful in its questions asked of teachers which Nimmo commends in terms of why teachers should ask themselves how they view the child, expectations of children and beliefs about child development. (1998:295-296) Teachers, parents and others engaged with children should ponder where a child's identity originates and the child's goals, needs and wishes, as may differ from those of the adult or be shaped by parent's ideas; there may be hope for a new generation or beliefs to do with better child preparation. (Nimmo:1998:296) In other words, Reggio Emilia education's contribution may lie in its fundamental questions to do with the child in relationship to adults. Other questions involve what a surrounding society is like now and as a product of a public past. (Nimmo:1998:297-298) One finds obvious new questions, too, on whether children are the same as they once were, or really develop as any theories now in use say that they do. One is put in a postmodern void of uncertainty, non-knowledge and relativism. It seems important to examine what one admires in Reggio Emilia practices and models and ask when one first experienced or saw them, in the course of one's own education."
Abstract The paper discusses Othello's and the other characters' misplaced trust due to their need for empirical evidence in Shakespeare's work, "Othello". It also analyzes Shakespeare's use of monster imagery to describe the darkness in the human heart. Finally, the paper contains an exploration of the liberal use of supposed love by the characters, which is eventually proven not to be love at all.
From the Paper "Shakespeare's exploration of the concept of jealousy leads to the theme of the human mind's predisposition to favor the "monstrous." Monsters of the human psyche are self-generating, even without the prodding of an evil manipulator such as Iago. He feeds this compulsion by encouraging Othello to "behold," in his mind's eye, his wife being "topped" by Cassio (3. 3. 412). When jealousy is labeled as a monster in the play, it is used to suggest how one can be overtaken by a passion. Iago defines jealousy as "the green-eyed monster, which doth mock the meat it feeds on" (3. 3. 179-80), a foul parasite that torments its host. When Emilia explains jealousy to be a "monster begot upon itself, born on itself" (3. 4. 157), she underscores its self-generating nature. "Jealous souls" do not need real events to fuel their suspicions because, Emilia explains, they are "not ever jealous for the cause" (3. 4. 154-55)."
Abstract This paper discusses the role of the character Emilia in the play 'Othello' by William Shakespeare. According to this paper, Emilia is more than just a character in this play. She functions as an example of the standing and role of women during that particular period of time.
From the Paper "What type of character does Emilia play in 'Othello'? Does she play a significant role? Why? What is her purpose in the play? These are questions that must be considered in looking at the different characters in 'Othello'. Emilia is Iago's wife and the maid to Desdemona. Emilia is a faithful wife until the very end of the play where she takes a stand against Iago. Emilia is a symbol of the state of women during this time period. It is important to study the role that Emilia played in Othello because she has a significant and dramatic purpose."
Abstract This paper examines a passage from Act IV of Shakespeare's "Othello", (scene iii, ll.89-106), which comes after the dinner that Desdemona hosts for Othello. The passage is a speech by Emilia in which she tries to get Desdemona to feel better and not to despair at the way her husband has been treating her, in essence by suggesting what she should do. The paper points out that this speech serves as a balance to an earlier speech by Iago on the false nature of wives from Act II. To conclude, the paper focuses on the way Shakespeare uses the sound of the words the way they are put together to create an impression that guides the listener through Emilia's argument and enhances aspects of that argument to make it more sensible and to show ways in which men and women are alike.
From the Paper "This speech serves as a balance to an earlier speech by Iago on the false nature of wives from Act II. Emilia here refers to the false nature of husbands and to the consequences for those husbands, for their wives are then unfaithful in retaliation. Emilia is always the practical one in the play, sat least in terms of how she believes people should behave. She takes the practical view that if Desdemona is under suspicion and if her husband is mistreating her, then Desdemona should take care of herself and forget Othello. At the same time, she knows that Desdemona is innocent and also knows part of what Iago is doing. She certainly knows that Iago has taken the handkerchief, and she is likely also bitter about the way she is treated by her own husband, Iago. Much of this bitterness comes out in this speech."
Abstract This paper discusses how, in William Shakespeare's "Othello", Desdemona, Bianca, and Emilia, the three main female individuals, are shown in different lights through the usage of both uplifting and demeaning descriptions. It looks at how Desdemona's humble and benevolent character is contrasted greatly against the harsh words used by Othello to describe her, how Emilia's outgoing and outspoken personality is revealed when speaking to both Desdemona and Iago and how Bianca's allegiance to Cassio differs significantly from her darker hypocritical side. It also analyzes how all three female characters reflect their personas through their actions, displaying their emotional outpourings, opinions on controversial issues, as well as their strengths and weaknesses.
From the Paper "The main object of affection is Desdemona, the one woman who is known by all men as the wife of Othello. She is called by Othello "gentle" (I.I.28) as well as "gentle mistress" (I.3.205) by Brabantio. Cassio describes her as "a most exquisite lady" who is "most fresh and delicate creature" (2.3.20, 22-23). Desdemona displays her gentleness through her actions with her father and Othello. She attempts to be diplomatic and faithful to the people she most loves, especially when she is confronted by her father about Othello (I.3.208- 218). She is "bound" to her father "for life and education," showing how loyal and grateful she is towards to her father for raising her as a notable parent. Desdemona also believes that she should take the role that her mother once took by stating that she must upkeep the "duty" by "preferring you (Brabantio) before her father.""
Abstract This paper will contrast and compare Shakespeare's Emilia in "Othello" with Henrik Isben's Nora, who is the main character in his play called "A Doll's House". By evaluating the differences and similarities of these two women we can better understand the complexities that make them change so much in the stories that they are placed in. This analysis will reveal how they made these changes in the context of each other's similarities and differences.
Abstract This essay exemplifies how tragedy through deceit and corruption occurred in both Shakespearean plays, "Othello" and "Hamlet". The arguments prove the contributions of the protagonists, antagonists, and the innocent characters to the evil and corruption, which creates a tragedy in both plays.
From the Paper "Lies, deceit, and false appearances are everywhere in one's life and these negative aspects of people contribute to sorrow, pain, and tragedy. In all of Shakespeare? s tragic plays, the protagonist dies, along with many other characters due to a problematic theme occurring in the plot. This is obvious in both Hamlet and Othello. In Hamlet, Claudius kills his brother, Old Hamlet, so he can become King. Old Hamlet's son discovers his secret and attempts to avenge his father's death, which he does at the end of the play when he kills Claudius along with others, and dies himself. In Othello, Iago, the Moor's assistant sabotages Cassio, the first lieutenant in order to get his job. When this works, he attempts to split Othello, the Moor of Venice and his wife using jealousy and murder, and gets killed when is discovered for his scheming. Both plays touch upon common human problems and desires such as greed, jealousy, and revenge."
Abstract Using various pieces by Flannery O'Connor, the effectiveness of deceptive characters is argued as a tool for more realistic and applicable conflict, and eventually promotion of positive moral values.
From the Paper "In her stories, Flannery O'Connor often uses deceit as a tool to make her characters more appealing to her audience and to provide a central point of conflict. It is the one thing that almost everyone can relate to, either from having been deceptive or having been the object of deception. O'Connor used her Catholic background as a strong influence in her writing, and the fact that she uses deceit so frequently in her stories may have something to do with the fact that many accounts in the bible depict deceit as a typical trait of humanity. It was, after all, one of the first sins committed after Adam and Eve had eaten from "the tree of the knowledge of good and evil." Thereafter, Eve bore Cain and Abel. When God asked Cain where his brother was, although Cain had slain Abel and knew what he had done, he replied "I know not: Am I my brother's keeper?" This gives the first account of the nature of humans to deceive (Genesis 4:8-9)."
Abstract Stinnett's book, "Day of Deceit", is a controversial look at the events leading up to the attack on Pearl Harbor. More than a history book, this is a book that points fingers and makes a variety of allegations regarding the American government and its duplicity and deception of the American public. This paper analyzes the book and provides a summary of it. It examines the main and secondary theses of the book.
From the Paper "The author's main thesis in "Day of Deceit" is that President Franklin D. Roosevelt knew of the impending attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, and used the attack as a method to incite the American people into joining World War II. This is the main theme woven between the pages of the book. However, there are secondary theses too, including the proposition that America broke the Japanese naval code and knew the Japanese carriers were on their way to launch an attack on Pearl Harbor, and that many documents relating to the attack, including code breaking documents, have never been released to the public."
Tags: President, Roosevelt, Pentagon, Navy, White, House
Abstract Life insurance and trusts are two financial arrangements that provide security to the family and living relatives of the owner of a property or trust. This paper looks at insurance and trusts and how these can be used for better financial security and risk management.
Introduction
What is a Trust?
Elements of Trusts Determining a Trustee
Types of Trusts Inter Vivo Trusts Testamentary Trusts Unit Trusts Purpose (Objectives) of Trusts Life Insurance Trusts Benefits
Drawbacks
Trusts and Case Law
Conclusion
From the Paper "Financial risk management is an important concept in the field of management. A person with an established business, occupation or source of income can suddenly take ill, resulting in the loss of that income which depended on him to generate. This can be a serious loss for him and others who depend on the income. There are two financial instruments which are available which can continue to provide to him or his dependents financial compensation or income based on his previous investments. For monetary investments which had been paid on regular intervals, there is the instrument of life insurance. For property owned, there is the instrument of trusteeship. [Trusts & trustees 2003]."
