Abstract The paper explores the possibility of a business similar to Second Life; one that focuses on deceased people and their connection to their living ancestors. The paper states that the business would involve the creation of a real, lifelike full motion virtual world where people could come and visit their deceased loved ones whenever they like. The paper relates that the business would provide mediums to interpret the deceased's words and provide a voice box that would relay the information in a voice similar to that of the deceased.
From the Paper "Customers will have the unique pleasure and opportunity of creating their own "space" on the website, where they can share stories of their loved ones, upload pictures, and provide testimonials about a medium's abilities if they work with a medium on the site to connect with their loved one. Members will have an opportunity to engage in real time contact with psychics either by chat, Skype or by phone. This will allow the greatest possible odds that a consumer will meet up with a medium that is able to connect with their dearly departed."
Abstract This paper will examine the topic of how nurses deal with the death of a patient and the deceased's family. This paper provides a personal analysis of the experience, reviewing how the attitude of the nurse towards death greatly impacts on their interaction wit the dead patient and their family.
From the Paper "For the nurse, dealing with death has multiple elements that make it one of the most complex and potentially problematic elements of the job. In order to better understand how nurses manage their own, their patient's, and the family's reaction to death, we must look at the specific elements that are inherent in the experience of death. From there, we can examine how nurses react to death on a personal and professional level, and how they should best apply themselves to managing the experience of the surviving friends and family."
A paper which discusses the many hurdles cryonics (the preservation of deceased individuals for later re-animation) must overcome before attaining its place as the next social catalyst.
Abstract The paper shows that that the freezing (or "suspension") of deceased individuals, to be later revived, is becoming more feasible to the established scientific community. However, religious conservatism akin to Luddism has hampered public acceptance. The paper shows that numerous church-backed politicians have stubbornly refused to tolerate any scientific advance in the field, branding it as heretical and immoral. Cryonics, therefore, must overcome its trials and tribulations in order to become the next social catalyst. The paper covers many issues on the subject of cryonics including its advantages and possibilities, a scientific explanation, the Church's opposition to Cryonics and a defensive argument in favor of this science, reasons cryonics won't cause starvation and, finally, many unanswered questions that cryonics raises.
From the Paper "?Every man dies, not every man truly lives,? says William Wallace, the thirteenth century Scottish hero. His words echo in many self-proclaimed "thrill-seekers" who intend to enjoy everything that life has to offer. But what if there was no death, everyone lived to fulfill whatever dream they had, accomplish every desire, regardless of hindrances? This is the future offered by cryogenicists. A world where death is no longer feared; where crippled icons like Stephen Hawking and Christopher Reeves casually amble through gardens, strolling as any being would be expected to. Families are always complete and wars are obsolete. Many people desire this as a future; as well they should, because it describes the next step in social evolution. Cryonics will allow the dead to be resurrected; the helpless and enfeebled to live normal lives through science."
Tags: alcor, controversy, cryogenics, death, euthenasia, health, life
Abstract This paper reveals how this work contains oppositions and ambiguities, but the unity is exposed. The underlying theme is revealed: The speaker struggles with her internal conflict. Should she forgive her deceased father for his lack of love? She realizes that it is too late.
From the Paper "In Lucille Clifton's poem, "forgiving my father", the speaker focuses on the debt that her deceased father owes to her and her mother, in an attempt to undergo a process of forgiveness. The debt owed is not physical, but emotional, as a monetary debt is used to symbolize a lack of love and affection. Although the title of the poem indicates that the speaker has forgiven her father, much of the text reveals through its metaphors, that the daughter has resentment and anger toward him. Near the end of the poem, these oppositions actually balance the speaker's feelings towards her father, in that she realizes that it is too late to forgive or blame, thus resolving her internal conflict."
Abstract This paper discusses the three major functions of a forensic scientist. The paper looks at the type of evidence to be retrieved from a deceased victim for examination in the crime laboratory. The paper also describes the proper collection and preservation of paint evidence from an automobile suspected of being involved in a hit-and-run incident.
From the Paper "Criminalistics is the forensic science of analyzing and interpreting evidence. Forensic scientists examine and identify physical evidence to reconstruct a crime scene. Physical evidence can be a weapon, a piece of clothing, a bloodstain, semen, hair, skin, fibers, dust, pollen, dirt, etc. Criminalists try to use physical evidence to prove a link between a suspect and a crime."
Tags: forensic scientist, medical examiner, coroner, evidence, deceased victim, crime laboratory, proper collection and preservation of paint evidence
Abstract In this article, the writer reviews two examples of loss and anticipatory grief. The writer uses J.W. Worden's four tasks as a framework for the discussion. The writer also discusses the coping strategies that are unique to the two subjects. In preparation for this discussion, the writer briefly reviews Worden's description of mourning. The writer explains that according to Worden, grieving is an active rather than a passive process, and as such the four basic tasks of mourning are identified as accepting the reality of the loss; experiencing and working through the pain and grief; adjusting to an environment in which the deceased is missing; and to emotionally relocate the deceased and move on with life.
From the Paper "Kristen attended the high school homecoming football game with several of her friends. After the game, the friends decided to go to a victory party, all friends riding together in a caravan of cars. As they entered the highway, one of the riders decided he wasn't sure he wanted to attend the party and so they pulled off the highway and waited for their followers to do the same. The holdout got out of the car with Kristen and went back to the car behind them to ask for a ride home, as Kirsten (the driver) wanted to go on. Accommodations were made, passengers exchanged. The driver of the second car then
waited for Kristen to pull out onto the highway. Kristen pulled out directly in front of a large Dodge pickup truck, which struck her broadside. Kirsten's car spun out of control. The driver of the Dodge pickup was a firefighter. He was unhurt, and immediately began to provide care at the scene, directing one of the teenagers to call for help. Kirsten's passengers all required emergency transport, and three, including Kristen's sister, did not survive."
Abstract Using historical evidence of cannibalism existence, this paper identifies different forms and practices, and explains the motives for such behaviors.
From the Paper "For millions of years, the majority of humans and their ancestors around the world have eaten meat, derived from a countless number of animals. However, the majority of these people have avoided one particular kind of meat: human flesh. For a human to knowingly eat the flesh of his own kind has been taboo to the most extreme definition of the term. Even the thought of it provokes a deep-rooted, enculturated repulsiveness that is so powerful it has actually prevented modern humans from eating remains of dead people for the sole purpose of survival (Barker, Hulme, and Iversen 1998:37). In other words, they would rather die than eat the meat of another person. The general practice of eating human flesh, anthropophagy, commonly referred to as cannibalism, has always been a subject full of controversy and debate. Hundreds of scientific studies have been published on the subject, but few have focused on the anthropological reasons for its supposed occurrence. In order to understand the true nature of cannibalism, it is necessary to examine it from a number of different perspectives. First, the historical evidence indicating that it took place must be carefully analyzed and interpreted. Second, the different forms of cannibalism must be identified and defined, and examples of their historical presence must be cited. Lastly, the motives of each type need to be explained, detailing the various tendencies of cannibalistic peoples and their practices. Only then will the appropriate significance of cannibalism and its existence become clear."
Abstract Defines the process and looks at models and stages, (shock, confusion, acceptance). Examines moderating factors (age of deceased, relationship, cause of death, religious faith) and healing interventions. Includes a table.
From the Paper "DEATH, DYING AND BEREAVEMENT: THE HEALING PROCESS
Introduction
This paper examines the process of bereavement. The paper begins with a description and discussion of the general symptoms associated with bereavement; this is followed by an examination of several factors contributing to variance in both the duration and intensity of the bereavement process. The review then examines psychotherapeutic interventions designed to facilitate the healing process. The final section of the review consists of a series of conclusions about the process formulated on the basis of the reviewed studies.
Bereavement: General Description
Bereavement is the emotional experience undergone by a person in reaction to the death of another who was significant in.."
Abstract In an article entitled "The Consent Paradigm: Tribal Sovereignty at the Millennium," published in the Columbia Law Review, author Scott Gould (1996) asserts that federal Indian law has changed to the extent that presently, the nature of tribal power has been transformed from "land-based sovereignty" to "sovereignty based upon consent". The author outlines the Supreme Court's ruling in Montana vs. United States,concerning the authority of the Crow Tribe to regulate hunting and fishing by non-Indians on lands within the Tribe's reservation that were owned in fee simple by non-Indians. This is the benchmark case concerning tribal civil authority over nonmembers. This case was used in the application of another case, Strate, involving an automobile accident between an employee of A-1 Contractors -- a non-Indian owned company with its principal place of business outside the reservation, who was under contract to a wholly-owned corporation owned by the Tribes -- and a non-member, non-Indian (Fredericks), who was the widow of a deceased member of the Tribes. The court's application of the Consent Paradigm to the Strate case provides evidence that it was determined to justify the doctrine on a case-by-case basis.
From the Paper "Petitioners argued that the "exhaustion rule," as stated in National Farmers and reiterated in Iowa Mutual, justified the requirement of exhaustion of tribal remedies before allowing federal court challenges to tribal court jurisdiction on prudential considerations because "[c]ivil jurisdiction over such activities [of non-Indians] presumptively lies in the tribal courts unless affirmatively limited by a treaty provision or federal statute." (Iowa Mutual, 480 U.S. at 18.) The Strate Court, however, found this presumption to be reversed, and basing its holding on Montana, relied on an absence of congressional direction enlarging tribal court jurisdiction."
A study using a research design to identify differences in the perceptions and experiences of survivors who make final arrangements at the death of a friend or relative.
Abstract The purpose of this study is to obtain insight into the attitudes of individuals who have had to make final arrangements for a deceased friend or relative and to compare their experiences and perceptions to those identified in the literature. The paper employs a quasi-experimental research design using a sample of 50 survivors identified via newspaper obituaries published 6 to 24 months prior to the study to test two research hypotheses. A full literature review of the subject is also included.
From the Paper "Many individuals attempt to avoid both the high costs of funerals and the emotional trauma of providing for final arrangements by participating in any one of a number of "pre-payment" or "pre-planning" programs offered by funeral directors and cemeterians. Pre-payment plans vary, but most include full payment for selected services and amenities (How to cut..., 1995). Payments can be made in installments, with the details of the final arrangements spelled out in contractual form. While pre-paying can eliminate some of the trauma associated with making final arrangements, there is growing evidence that pre-payment plans are not the ultimate safeguard against funeral home gouging that they were designed to be."
Abstract This paper discusses how the author Emile Zola is most famous for the forceful nature of his realistic prose, found in his novels "Germinal", "La Bete Humaine" and "Therese Raquin". It examines how although Zola is noted for his work as a crusader for social justice during his lifetime, these novels are also marked by his reliance upon grotesque details, events and characterization. It looks at how a reader is invariably provoked to ask this long-deceased author why an author such as Zola, so intent upon using the artistic form for the purposes of social liberation be moved to use such tropes and narrative devices. It also evaluates why he was so committed in his narrative structure to not conform to, what on the surface might seem to be more "realistic" characters and events.
From the Paper "Perhaps the best way to analyze the use of the macabre in Zola is to grant that the events the author describes do not customarily transpire everyday, to everyday people and readers in their lives. These subjects gain a realistic force through naturalistic prose and because of the meaning invested in them by the author's narrative structure. Zola uses the macabre not in a sensationalistic fashion, although he acknowledges that a love of sensation is a part of human, daily life. Rather the macabre takes on both a metaphorical and realistic insight to provide a window into the base desires that afflict all individuals whom are part of the social structure and populace of a macabre and fraught society themselves. Zola holds up an apparently distorting glass in which the reader is forced to see the worst, yet a true side, of him or herself."
Abstract This paper discusses how fingerprints put forward a dependable way of individual identification and how it is the vital method for the law enforcing agencies, having displaced other means of determining the identities of criminals unwilling to confess preceding crime records. It examines the individuality of every fingerprint and methods of how they are used in forensic science.
Outline
Fingerprints
Identifying People by Means of Fingerprints
Roller Stab Method
Fingerprinting Deceased Persons
Latent Fingerprint Process
Laser Fingerprint
Comparison of Two Fingerprints with AFIS Technology
Fingerprint Comparison for Court Presentation
Home Burglary
From the Paper "In fingerprinting deceased people, the fingerprint classification gear: taking straight from fingers is used, and the designs are registered on DD Form 894. The fingerprint gear holds a carrying case, a cleaning liquid pot, black printer's ink, a spoon-or shovel-type cardholder, a tabletop cardholder, an inking slab or plate, and an inking roller. Also integrated is a dental tentative mirror used to scrutinize teeth for diagrams. When the fingers are elastic, it is often probable to obtain finger imitations of a lately deceased person by exploiting the regular inking procedure. Victorious prints can be acquired with the decedent lying on his rear with hands curved palm down by his side."
Abstract This paper explores grief poetry focusing on a relatively obscure poem by Anna Akhmatova. It considers the ways in which Akhmatova carefully builds up her poem in order to express her grief to her readers.
From the Paper "The tone of the poem suits the mood. It is a serious tone. It decides not to use humor as a comic relief to then later exacerbate the tension of the grief. This is probably a good thing since this method does not always work in short poems and is probably best left to longer works or prose. Similarly, the poem lacks any undertones of any sort (such as ironic or satirical) and, again, this is probably a good thing. The poem may be taken very much at face value ? there are no subtle tricks or metaphors for the audience to understand, just the pure simple power of one person's grief."
Abstract A young governess put in sole charge of two small children, Miles and Flora, in a country house called Bly records her progressive discoveries that the children are not innocent but demonic, in communication with the ghosts of their deceased former governess, Miss Jessel, and a male servant, Peter Quint. The young governess fights for the souls of the two children against the pervasive influence of the evil dead. The frustrated narrative desire of the reader mirrors the agitated state of the governess. The ghosts are a clear representation of the tenuous nature of reality.
Abstract This paper looks at Arthur P. Wolf's article, "Gods, Ghosts and Ancestor's", which discusses the complexities of Chinese religious beliefs and practices, and explains the main thesis of the article. The paper highlights Wolf's thesis, which asserts that the supernatural categories that the Chinese believe in, namely, gods, ghosts, and ancestors, are determined by the social structure of Chinese society. The paper shows how Wolf proves his point through case studies, personal anecdotes, interviews, and observations of ritual, custom, and lifestyle.
From the Paper "Ancestors, the second class of supernatural beings that Wolf discusses in his article, are in many ways equally revered. The spirits of the deceased watch over and protect the living members of that family line. Wolf shows that there are strict rules regarding which family members can or must be worshipped. The rank of ancestor spirits closely mirrors the rank of family members. For example, the head patriarch of a family line will be given the most prominent spot on the family altar. Those family members who are not respected as much will also not be revered as diligently during times of worship."
