An analysis of this work, written in America in 1962, which warns of imminent disaster if the whites did not stop their racist supremacy over the blacks.
1,750 words (approx. 7 pages), 0 sources, 2001, $ 56.95
Abstract This paper looks at the author's upbringing and how this influenced his writing of this work. The book issues an ultimatum to American whites to wake up to the degradation they had been forcing upon American blacks at the cost of their own debasement. It warns that if not, the world will be destroyed by fire.
From the Paper "Growing up black Baldwin experienced race as the single most important element in his life. The fact that he was black overwhelmed everything else. In the letter that introduces the book, Baldwin's uncle says, you "faced the future that you faced because you were black and for no other reason" (18). Baldwin knows this well. Being black is the central fact of his life. Young blacks spent their days "fighting the man" (31). Hopelessness was the constant mood. There was a "cloud that stood between them and the sun" (82 ). Every black he knew was "worn down . . .by the incessant and gratuitous humiliation and danger" (32) that each faced every day."
A Research proposal to determine the satisfaction of indigent clients with provision of health care services. Includes methodology, questionnaire and instrumentation.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 11 sources, 1999, $ 119.95
Abstract Statement of the Problem
In the United States, health care is often unavailable for the homeless. This heterogeneous group of men and women, includes longterm street dwellers, residents of shelters, the chronically mentally ill, the economically debased, and alienated youth---all of whom are subject to a broad range of acute and chronic diseases, intensified by unsuitable living conditions, stress and sociopathic behavior
From the Paper "SATISFACTION WITH HEALTH CARE IN A SAMPLE OF INDIGENTS:
WOULD THEY RATHER BE TREATED BY PHYSICIANS OR NURSE PRACTIONERS?
Statement of the Problem
In the United States, health care is often unavailable for the homeless. This heterogeneous group of men and women, includes longterm street dwellers, residents of shelters, the chronically mentally ill, the economically debased, and alienated youth---all of whom are subject to a broad range of acute and chronic diseases, intensified by unsuitable living conditions, stress and sociopathic behavior.
Trauma, pulmonary tuberculosis, infestations, and peripheral vascular disease are common problems among the homeless, and often incomplete and/or fragmentary medical care permits exacerbation of chronic disorders (Sebastian, 1994). Outreach ..."
Abstract This paper describes the grounds on which psychotherapy is made legitimate, with specific attention the role played by science. Robert Fancher is presented and rebuffed as a critic of this basic philosophy. The paper shows that the justification for the use of science as a means of legitimization of psychotherapy (and in effect a means to decide the fate of the mentally ill) is valid, and predicated upon documented, empirical evidence. It shows how Robert Fancher, in his book "Cultures of Healing: Correcting the Image of American Mental Health Care", disagrees with this basic notion, over-exaggerating its weaknesses and debasing its strengths, but yet, offering no other system that is as universal and justifiable as science.
From the Paper "Life can be viewed as a never-ending series of choices. Some are welcomed, some are not, but they are all inevitable. Man takes it upon himself in most cases to exercise his 'free will' (or illusion of free will), to decide the course of his life. As a society, we take it upon ourselves to decide the course for others in special circumstances, such as in cases of crime or disease. For the mentally ill, it is society as a whole that makes their decisions for them. The general public abdicates this power to psychiatrists and those mental health professionals specifically trained to make these decisions, similar to the way public officials are elected to make political decisions. The qualifications of these elected psychiatrists and other professionals rest in their education and training, which ultimately rests on the shoulders of modern science. It is ultimately here that society puts its trust to ensure the proper care of its mentally ill citizens; and in our deepest fears, ourselves. It is this rationalization that Fancher attacks, harshly, and often without proper merit, in his book: Cultures of Healing: Correcting the Image of American Mental Health Care."
From the Paper The purpose of this research is to show that the Athenian woman was not as completely debased or as secluded as sometimes presented. The social, political and legal rights of women during this ancient period of Greece's history will be reviewed. Also covered will be evidence of women's participation in religious ceremonies.
The point is a difficult one to prove - or disprove - it depends from which viewpoint in history you are looking at the Greeks; it also depends, since the Greeks had a caste system of sorts, which economic class you are concentrating on.
To the Victorian woman, whose only legitimate role was to marry and be supported and protected by her husband, the glamorous, educated lives of the "hetairai" (prostitutes), if they were allowed to be aware of them, would have seemed like devilishly- ... "
Abstract This paper is on Plato's "Trial And Death Of Socrates" and analyzes the two dialogues in the book, namely, "The Apology" and "The Crito", in reference to Socrates's claims. This paper also attempts to identify Socrates as a man of honor with strong moral ideals. Evidence is provided that shows how Socrates attempted to guide his fellow men on the path of righteousness.
From the Paper "Socrates bravely defends himself by suggesting that he had never attempted to corrupt the youth or cause them to become non-believers. He states, "What has caused my reputation is none other than a certain kind of wisdom. What kind of wisdom" Human wisdom, perhaps" (Benjamin Jowett, The Trial And Death Of Socrates). He then relates the story when he and his friend, Chairephon went to Oracle in their youth. The Oracle claimed that no one was wiser than Socrates was and since then Socrates made it his duty to find any man who had greater wisdom than him. In his quest, Socrates questioned the beliefs of poets, politicians and theologians, only to find that they were not as wise, as they had appeared to be. Socrates proclaimed, "In my investigation in the service of the god I found that those who had the highest reputation were nearly the most deficient, while those who were thought to be inferior were more knowledgeable" (Benjamin Jowett, The Trial And Death Of Socrates). This act obviously exposed many highly ranked men and earned Socrates a bad name. Socrates believed that an unexamined life was not worth living, and if he had agreed to accept the right of the court to judge his thoughts than he had indeed lost his honor. He openly professed that his followers represented his ideas for him."
Abstract This paper explores issues of how hip-hop culture, which includes not just rap music but beat-boxing, turntablism, break-dancing, krumping, and other manifestations, has been the focus of a great deal of negative attention due to what is widely perceived as a negative and debasing image or stereotype of women that is put forth in the culture.
From the Paper "From an historical perspective, hip-hop music has not been around for very long, compared to other forms of music that have sparked societal debate, such as rock and roll and disco. Hip-hop music arguably began in the late seventies with artists like Grandmaster Flash and Electro, and focused on talking or rapping rather than singing, over a strong beat, often break-beat, and sampled instrumentation from other songs. Hip hop was male-dominated in its early days, as it continues to be today, and the lyrics for many hip-hop songs focused on presenting an idea of masculinity that was centered on the reality of life on the streets. As hip-hop gained in popularity through the 80s and even mainstream rock groups like Blondie and the Talking Heads dabbled in rap, this ethos was extended, expanded, and reinforced by groups like Public Enemy, Boogie Down Productions, and the Ultramagnetic MC's, who featured male lead rappers who were often dismissive of females and also often sought to stereotype women as being gold-diggers, bitches, and soap opera addicts. "Rap music has been around a little over 25 years now with hip-hop culture being slightly older. We now have generations of heads who grew or are growing up listening to rap. We are just beginning to see the long term effects and benefits of the imagery gleaned from videos and lyrical content; at this point it's safe to say that the effects are deep and long reaching" (Oshun, 2001). The 80s also saw the rise of so-called gangsta rap, which took the ethos of masculinity and mixed it with the myth of the outlaw or crime figure as rapper, supported by groups like N.W.A., Ice-T, and Geto Boyz."
Abstract This paper explains that, from the Catholic viewpoint, pornography offends against the divine plan for the body and for the intimacy of sexual union by fixating on certain normal bodily functions in an immodest and obsessive way. The author points out that the natural state of sexuality revealed in Creation renders a theology of the body, which places sexual behavior within the confines of marriage, sanctifying the sexual experience; pornography degrades human sexuality, denying the three original experiences of man and the holy Sacrament of Matrimony. The paper stresses that the placement of sexuality outside the marital bond rejects its intimate reality, making sex a public not private act, disjoining the two in the objectification of the body and the psychological debasement of the spirit.
From the Paper "Original nakedness describes how the man and woman are to relate to each other. The experience of nakedness is bound with the idea of shame and knowledge. Nakedness means something more than sight, demonstrating the supposed relationship of male and female. Lack of shame renders interior freedom a necessity of their experience, the complete ability to choose without the restricting knowledge of their bodies and sex. The two become a communion through the experience of being naked not through its knowledge, for in being naked and unashamed they freely give the self to the other an act which affirms the other person. This affirmation of the individual indicates the self for the sake of the self, an absolute end in itself as willed by the Creator through Love. In accepting the gift of the other the two enter into communion but still retain their subjectivity. To preserve the gift of subjectivity in marriage the couple is called to be chaste. Chastity as defined as the full integration of sexuality into the person, is most distinctly expressed in the marital act where respect for the spouse and the relationship are most evident."
Abstract This paper focuses on the Socratic method, which unlike most philosophical teachings, seeks to debase beliefs rather than build them up. This paper discusses the views and opinions of both Plato and Socrates in regards to the Socratic method. The writer of this paper contends and explains why readers of Plato's works should be skeptical of his presentation of philosophical notions through the argumentative style, which he attributes to Socrates. This paper discusses the basic philosophy behind the Socratic method, in which Socrates' reliance upon the soul to lead into the discussion of virtue could be attacked upon the assertion that insufficient evidence exists to contend that there are such things as souls. On the other hand, Plato believes that souls must exist because they explain the competing inclinations people can possess. This paper also delves into Plato's and Socrates' roles as philosophers and theorists.
From the Paper "However, the chief limitation of the manner by which Socrates is expressed through Plato is that his lessons are no longer personalized with respect to the audience; they are only personal with respect to the characters Plato generates. The power of Socrates' technique is that it forces him to investigate many of his centrally held beliefs simultaneously with the person he is communicating; any questions that arise from his audience, or possible objections to his line of reasoning, must be addressed. This capacity is necessarily lacking when it is placed upon paper because any questions or objections that might be evoked in the reader inevitably go unanswered. For example, when Socrates argues, "So one may say this about everything; all other human activities depend on the soul, and those of the soul itself depend on wisdom if they are to be good."
Abstract This paper explains that Harry Sylvester's "I Won't Do No Dive" represents the cultural phenomenon of the fixing of boxing matches, which is commonly told in sports-themed literature and Hollywood screen plays. The author points out that, even the incorrect phrasing of the term, "I won't do no dive", is a deliberate double-negative, familiar as both the text of a boxer who won't deliberately lose a match and as a double-negative that resonates of the poor English of a boxer growing up in a rough area and enduring many battles in his attempted climb to the top. The paper relates that match fixing provides for an interesting literary device by creating a complicated dilemma, which underscores the importance of honesty and competition in sport and how the corruption of these mottos commonly debases it.
From the Paper "The era in which the story was written (the 1930s) also has literary implications, as we witness the rough-and-tumble surrounds of a struggling boxer in the earlier part of the twentieth century. The characters speak in the incorrect English of a rough area in a bygone era - which is not specified, but his again is a good literary device: we romanticize the era and the place, perhaps imagining a rough, no-holds-barred Brooklyn, where even the rough, down-on-their-luck crowd have dreams of boxing and making it big."
Tags: dilemma, double-negative, mobsters, engaging, language
Abstract This paper explains that the 1871 Civil Service Commission report on the spoils system, which stated its moral debase, led to the
Pendleton Act of 1883, which created a merit-based system of employment for federal employees. The author points out that, in an environment where Americans remain unenthusiastic about government service because of low pay and a cultural anti-government feeling, the challenges to the civil service system include finding quality employees, increasing accountability and promoting a more democratic bureaucracy in which citizen involvement is the norm. The author emphasizes that the values of public administration are the quest for efficiency, increased accountability, social equity, empowering citizens during the discourse phase and ethics with honest and open government.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Pre-Pendleton
Pendleton and the Growth of P.A.
Expanding Opportunity in Public Service
Now What
The Conservative Era and Civil Service
Civil Service in the 21st Century
Civil Service 2025
Conclusions
From the Paper "NPR was one part of a larger organizational thrust by the Clinton administration. In 1993, Clinton/Gore passed the Government Performance and Results (GPR) Act. Clearly, the framing of the issues is indicative of the tenor of the times. The GPR mandated that each federal agency introduce a strategic plan by 1997. The effect of this measure was to limit organizations from being funded from year to year without accountability. Instead, each federal agency had to list outcomes and time lines in order to validate its existence."
This paper discusses the painting 'Venus of Urbino' while concentrating on Rina Goffen's work "Sex, Space, and Social History in Titian's Venus of Urbino".
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that Rona Goffen's "Sex, Space, and Social History in Titian's Venus of Urbino" argues that traditional essentialist analysis of Titian's 'Venus of Urbino' have missed key points of textual and historical evidence by concluding that the painting is the equivalent of Renaissance pornography. Instead, the writer points out, Goffen argues, Titian's famous work is actually a marital image that, despite overt sexuality, is nonetheless grounded in the social conventions of marriage during the Renaissance. The writer discusses that drawing on an impressive amount of historical scholarship into the period, Goffen illustrates how our modern conceptions of sexuality and marriage are at odds with those embraced during the Renaissance. The writer maintains that the end result has been a gross misinterpretation of 'Venus of Urbino' that debases the subject of the work without a clear understanding of its social and historical context.
From the Paper "In other words, the act of sex itself may be biological and omnipresent for all human beings; this is natural. But the attached attitudes, beliefs, and representations of that sexuality is not natural but is instead informed wholly by cultural, social, and historical forces. These forces shape the way that individuals perceive the act of sex and incorporate its presence into their lives.
"Because of this fundamentally cultural basis for attitudes about sexuality, it follows that artistic representations of sexuality will change with time and not necessarily be comprehensible. Goffen argues that any interpretation of the obvious sexuality of Venus of Urbino must be tempered and informed by a clear knowledge of the historical period in which the painting was produced and the prevailing attitudes about sexuality that would have informed the artist and his original audience."
Abstract This paper analyzes Jonathan Swift's "Gulliver's Travels" and how it is an indictment of humanity. The paper explains that, in "Gulliver's Travels", Swift seeks to condemn human nature as being a state that is assimilated by all in terms of unthinking servitude to individuals' own desires and needs, which conflict and contrast to create a sort of messy chaos that is not ruled by reason or logic. The paper relates that Swifts condemnation of human nature is not light satire. Rather it is a general indictment of humanity as being naturally loathsome and horrible to behold. That is, Swift does not see any saving grace in civilization, but instead concentrates on the innate debasement of humanity.
From the Paper "When the narrator accepts that the horses are his social superiors and masters, he does so after some amount of discussion, having learned their language enough to give a rather proud account of his native land, which is summarily dismissed by the horses as being typical of Yahoo behavior. The horses remark that it is not unheard of in their land to also see Yahoos squabbling and killing each other over certain minerals, and that the dominant Yahoo is also surrounded by fawning subservient attendants who herd female
Yahoos into his camp and help to clean the lead Yahoo's feet and behind."
Abstract This paper explains that, when the Dutch settled in their North American colonies, they brought with them slaves to do the manual labor on their farms. These Africans arrived from the Caribbean in 1625 or 1626 as slaves to the Dutch West India Company. The author points out that rules regarding their servitude were not as harsh as they would become in the future under British rule. The paper relates that, as early as 1630, freed slaves settled the swampy predecessor to the Greenwich Village area of New York City, which remained a black neighborhood for almost 200 years. The author describes the revolt of 1712, which was the result of the stricter British rules.
From the Paper "The ensuing revolt of 1712 was inevitable: the new British rules were too harsh and too much of a change from the unequal but hopeful and comparatively non-violent status quo previously organized in New Amsterdam. After meeting in a tavern, twenty-
three Africans armed themselves with hatchets, clubs, and guns and set fire to a centrally-located building in New York. When Europeans came to combat the blaze, several of them were killed and wounded. Local militias rounded up twenty-seven slaves
in retribution, six of whom committed suicide under capture."
Tags: conditional, black neighborhood, british armed debasement
Abstract This paper explains that, although J.D. Salinger's novel "The Catcher in the Rye" was one of the most widely censored books for its alleged demoralization and its obscene language, this coming of age novel aptly portrays a teenager's struggle to leave behind his authentic childhood to enter a superficial and, at times, morally debased adult world of the 1950s. The paper first describes the life of J.D. Salinger and the sociogenic atmosphere of the period in which he lived. Subsequently, the paper analyzes the part that protagonist Holden Caulfield plays in the novel in his representation of the distraught youth of the 1950s who felt alienated by the growing generation gap.
From the Paper "Holden's loneliness and alienation from his peers is represented by the unique hunting cap that he buys in New York City after he lost the fencing teams foils. The red hunting cap, which Holden usually wears when he is most insecure, is a continuing symbol throughout the book of his feeling that he is different, does not fit in his environment, and, what's more, does not want to fit in. The eccentric hat also was a symbol of the protagonist's search for his own unique identity in an American social milieu that was largely homogeneous."
Tags: censored eccentric, societal restrictions, conformity, generation gap
