Abstract Focusing on the common yet dangerous injury regularly recieved in sporting matches - concussions. This paper describes the causes, treatment, symptoms, and the medical side of sports. It also looks at the sports causing the injuries, and how the sport causes them.
From the Paper "Head injuries are serious business. Anytime you are dealing with the brain, you want to take everything about the injury seriously and prepare for the worst. A concussion is defined as an injury to the brain, often resulting from a blow to the head, which can cause temporary disorientation, memory loss, or unconsciousness. These are also known as "closed head injuries"."
Abstract This paper provides information about sports related injuries in the United States, including statistics on the frequency of injury and death of people participating in individual as well as team sports.
Abstract This paper begins by defining whiplash injuries, also known as cervical sprain injuries. The paper then describes the physical and non-physical effects of whiplash, looks at what whiplash means in terms of disability management and examines the need for medical services and counseling for employees who suffer from whiplash injuries.
From the Paper "Disability management, according to Henry Harder, is a relatively new field defined as an active process of minimizing the impact of impairment on the individual's capacity to participate competitively in the work environment. Central to this field is the concept of early intervention and a focus on psychosocial issues known to occur in tandem with physical injuries. Consequently, professionals working in the field must acquire a thorough understanding of various injuries and illnesses leading to disability as well as the specific interventions."
Abstract This paper discusses the history of signature wounds from various wars. According to this paper, the Iraq War has resulted in a large number of traumatic brain injuries. This paper goes on to discuss the causes and nature of this injury.
From the Paper "In every war, historians recognize that there will probably be at least one signature wound that will characterize that war for posterity. Incidences of radiation sickness from the atomic bomb will forever distinguish World War II. The Vietnam War still lives on in highlighting the effects of post-traumatic stress disorder. The current Iraq War will be no different. In fact, military doctors are already aware of the signature wound of this conflict, one that is slowly dawning in the public eye. For a variety of reasons--including protective armor and enemy tactics--traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are emerging as one of the most devastating and widespread injuries among U.S. casualties of the Iraq War. Traumatic brain injury has a number of causes. However, the nature of the wound and its effects are well documented."
Abstract This paper discusses some important issues in connection with workplace fatalities and occupational injuries. Tens of hundreds of employees expose themselves to serious health and safety risks as they work in unsafe conditions in country's various industries. In such cases, companies are required to pay compensation to employees who get injured at work but in more serious cases, employers can be charged with murder if it is found that a certain worker's death occurred due to management's negligence and inability to comply by OSHA guidelines.
From the Paper "Business ethics have become a major issue of debate in American corporate world because it has been found that in several cases, occupational injuries occur not due to the negligence of the employees but more because of the inappropriate safety measures. This is one reason why many people are of the view that death due to workplace injuries should be termed homicide and employers must be charged with murder. While not every person would agree with that, at least those in the legal profession maintain that employers can be charged with murder if available evidence suggests that the reason behind death of an employee was unsafe working environment."
Abstract This paper examines how injuries in the workplace today are significantly lower than in the past because workers are expecting a safe and healthy work environment and employers are increasingly realizing the benefits of maintaining a safe work place for their employees. The author points out that the most significant and effective methods to reduce the number of accidents in the workplace is the use of training and the education of the workforce to make workers constantly aware of the hazards that exist and to provide them with the most effective protection. It also points out that injuries caused by acts of terrorist and foul play by nefarious element cannot always be controlled; however, abdicating responsibility is not being accepted as a fair defense anymore.
Outline
Introduction
Purpose and Importance of this Study
Hypothesis
Limitations of this Study
Definitions of Key Terms
Overview of the Study
Literature Review
Stress and Injuries in the Workplace
Training of Employees to Reduce Injury on the Job
Injuries and Workmen Compensation
Injuries due to Exposure
Injuries and Proper Documentation
Safety Conditions beyond the Ability of the Organization
Methodology
Focus and Limitation of Study
The Chemical Industry
Significance of the Chemical Industry
Workforce in this Industry
The Petroleum Industry
Crude Oil and the Distillation Process
Workforce in the Petroleum Industry
Discussion
Recommendation and Conclusions
Recommendations
From the Paper "The effect of the new technology on the labor force also takes some time to be noticed. This lag in the adaptation of a new technology and the length of the lag between the adaptation and its initial introduction into the company is always critical for any new invention. Thomas Jefferson never failed to state the role of science and technology in producing social change and economic growth. He said, "As new discoveries are made, new truths discovered and manners and opinions change with the change of circumstances, institutions must also advance to keep pace with the times." Organizations are spending a lot of time and money in ensuring that the workplace is safe. Advancement in fire fighting technology, better information and knowledge dispersion, setting up of checks and balances through the effective use of software is also increasingly being observed."
Abstract One of the most common types of injuries occurring during sports events is that of ankle injuries. The ankle is susceptible to injury in practically every sport that exists. This paper focuses on the particular mechanisms of injury in individual sports, the imaging manifestations of ankle ligament injuries, post traumatic ankle synovitis, meniscoid lesions, soft-tissue impingement and ankle joint chondral and osteochondral lesions, with an emphasis on their clinical relevance in athletes.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Literature Review
Lateral Inversion Sprain
Medial Eversion Sprain
Syndesmosis Sprain
Achilles Tendon Rupture
Other Ankle Injury Classifications
Importance of the Study
Methodology
Findings and Implications of the Study
Summary & Conclusion
References
From the Paper "Athletic coaches, trainers and athletes alike know that sustaining an injury during the course of a competitive sport, or in practice is a reality that practically every athlete will deal with with varying degrees of injury experienced. Many athletes have had their athletic career vanish in a moment of an injury occurring that affects them the rest of their life, rendering them incapable to participate I the athletic career they had hoped to pursue. One of the most common types of injuries occurring during sports events is that of ankle injuries. The ankle is susceptible to injury in practically every sport that exists. "
Abstract This paper examines the incidence and outcome of head injury among children in the United States. The paper first discusses the mortality rate from head injury and the types of injury that can occur. The paper then looks at improvements in the area of neuro-trauma management and the methods which have evolved in managing head injury. The effects of hyperventilation on the outcome of head injuries is especially focused upon in the paper.
From the Paper "When applying the hyperventilation therapy and determining its appropriate depth, two circumstances must be considered (Stocchetti et al 2005). At higher altitudes, normal PaCO2 levels may fall generally below the accepted 35-45 mm Hg levels. These levels were fixed at sea level and the influence of altitude should be corrected. The influence of temperature is the second consideration, especially when hypothermia therapy is used. The risk, therefore, which comes with the benefit, suggested that hyperventilation should be used only on patients with raised ICP. And it should be applied only on a highly specific manner and under specific monitoring. The data provided by the study also revealed inconclusiveness in specific indications, timing, the depth of hypocapnia and duration. Conflicting data obtained supported a wide range of therapeutic options from an enthusiastic application of the hyperventilation therapy to its avoidance. The researchers suggested the careful use of hypocapnia in the short-term control of increased ICP. They also prompted the use of multimodality monitoring to specific patients who could profit from it without the risks (Stocchetti et al)."
Abstract This paper discusses the importance of stretching and avoidance of injuries by fixing muscle imbalances, which are an alteration in the lengths of muscles. The author includes material on synergistic dominance, reciprocal dominance and strategies of stretching. The paper contains research from the National Academy of Sports Medicine, The Journal of Sports Medicine, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise.
From the Paper:
"If you have ever played sports, or done anything that has to do with physical activity, you have known someone who has injured him/herself from pulling their hamstring, groin, quadriceps, or other common muscles. Unfortunately, too many athletes have no idea why they injured themselves; they usually think it is from overuse, like running too hard, or lifting a ridiculous amount of weight. Never does one hear of an athlete thinking they were injured because of muscle imbalances, which lead to synergistic dominance, which lead to a tear in the muscle. Too many people, athletes in general, are unaware of 1) the causes of injury, and 2) how to avoid injury. Fortunately, injuries can be avoided through means of corrective stretching."
From the Paper "If you have ever played sports, or done anything that has to do with physical activity, you have known someone who has injured him/herself from pulling their hamstring, groin, quadriceps, or other common muscles. Unfortunately, too many athletes have no idea why they injured themselves; they usually think it is from overuse, like running too hard, or lifting a ridiculous amount of weight. Never does one hear of an athlete thinking they were injured because of muscle imbalances, which lead to synergistic dominance, which lead to a tear in the muscle. Too many people, athletes in general, are unaware of 1) the causes of injury, and 2) how to avoid injury. Fortunately, injuries can be avoided through means of corrective stretching."
Tags: arthrokinetics, exercise, imbalance, injuries, kinesiology, muscle, sports, stretch, training
Abstract This paper analyzes injuries in basketball. It reviews the literature with regard to the types of injuries that can be expected in basketball and how they can be prevented. The paper suggests that strength training is essential in the prevention of injuries and explains why this is so. The paper also explains why the focus of strength training is leaning towards the entire athlete for injury prevention.
From the Paper "The future of strength training in realtion to basketball appears to be leaning toward a focus on the entire athlete. It has always been known that football players, for example, require massive strength in order to be capable of defending themselves against physical contact on the football field. However, as basketball players in crease in size and ability, the physical contact that occurs in basketball continues to be more intense. Therefore, basketball players must be stronger and more in tone that ever before in order to meet the demands of the game. Professionals have also concluded that there may be a need to use strength training to build up limbs to an eqaul strength, as some parts of the body are toned more than others due to use. Yet, the focus on strength training to prevent injury is the key to the future of this type of exercise because of the increaed demands on players and the need for players to be capable of functioning at the optimum playing levels."
Abstract This paper deals with the increase in knee injuries among female athletes. The author presents hard facts to support his position and provides a personal perspective on the subject. In addition the author provides examples of ways in which knee injuries occur and the various names for the different kinds of injuries.
From the Paper "The knee joint is one of the most complicated and critical joints of the human body. The knee has to bear the entire body weight, shift balance and adjust direction of movement all smoothly and in efficient coordination. It is not surprising that injuries occur to this particular joint. The primary elements of the knee include the large bone structures: the femur, patella, tibia, and the fibula. What moves the bones of course are the muscles: flexors (biceps femoris, semimembraneous, semitendinous, sartorius, gracilis and extensors quadriceps and patellar. Now, within those larger structures are smaller but nonetheless critical components: the various ligaments which stabilize the bones and muscles such as the medial and lateral Collateral Ligaments and the Anterior and Posterior Cruciate Ligaments usually termed ACL and PCL."
Abstract This paper looks at the rigorous training that male and female soldiers go through, and the affect it has on their bodies. The different types of injuries are presented, and then reviewed and analyzed. The author presents solutions to some of the more common types of injuries, and suggests ways to avoid these types of injuries in the future.
From the paper:
"Based on research, the clear anatomical differences, i.e. height, weight, and build between males and females lead to problems concerning uniformity that is stressed in the military. For instance, the 30-inch step prescribed by the military in marching is a prime example. Marching is based on male height and average 30-inch step, but for a woman's shorter height and leg length, it is an over exaggerated step. For a woman to accomplish a greater push off is necessary, as well as a harder heel strike. Furthermore, the uniformity of equipment poses a problem for female soldiers. For instance, ?Women's boots use the same last as men's boots and are less likely to provide good heel stability for women."
Abstract This paper discusses the subject of safety in a variety of environments and details the different measures individuals can take to prevent harm and bodily injury to themselves and their loved ones. The paper makes a point of emphasizing prevention as the key to maintaining one's safety.
Introduction
Injury Prevention in the Home
Injury Prevention Workplace
Motor Vehicles and Natural Disasters
Conclusion
From the Paper "The reduction of fatalities and injuries is of the utmost priority to safety officials. To ensure the safety of the public, officials have worked diligently on identifying safety hazards that the public might not normally be aware of. For example, a majority of people consider their home a safe place. By and large this is true; however there are many places within the home that are actually far from safe. Virtually no area of the home is in fact, completely free from the potential for harm (Miller, 53). Some places obviously present the risk for unintentional injury; these include the bathtub. Thousands of injuries and sometimes even fatalities occur each year from someone slipping in the shower. Prevention is the key to avoiding injury in the home. For example, use of a simple bath mat in the shower can prevent unintentional injury by preventing the likelihood of injury at the outset."
Tags: potential, hazard, hazardous, knowledge, standards, risk, exposed, workplace, home
Abstract This paper takes a look at the sport of gymnastics. According to the paper, younger gymnastic athletes are particularly vulnerable to injuries because of the great physical, stamina, and balance-related demands. The paper goes on to discuss the various possible causes of gymnastic related injuries.
From the Paper "Exercises using the plyometric strategy are very useful for gymnasts; plyometric exercises are the "rapid deceleration and acceleration of muscles" that in turn help create a stretch-shortening cycle," according to www.specialolympics.org. These kinds of exercises train the muscles, and train the nervous system to carry out in an effective way the stretch-shortening cycle, which can improve the performance of a gymnast. Drills using plyometrics also help the athlete develop "rhythm, speed, power and even muscular endurance," the Special Olympics site explains. All plyometric exercises must be carried out on a flat soft surface, and for example, doing the "Exploding Harvards" plyometric exercise builds stamina and muscle strength by doing 10 jumps on each leg."
