Abstract
The paper discusses the benefits of walking for pleasure. It discusses the various health advantages such as the rise in endorphins to counter depression, the lowering of stress levels and weight control. The paper shows that walking affects people spiritually as well by connecting them to the rhythms of their body. Issues of what to consider when buying a walking shoe are also explored.

From the Paper
"A 1999 Annals of Behavioral Medicine study proves that college students who walk regularly had lower stress levels than those who didn't exercise. The college students surveyed said they found that walking gave them time to get away from their stressful environment and clear their heads. The study found that by put physical and mental distance between themselves and the stress-causing environment, the students were able to work through their problems and find possible solutions with better clarity. Walking also helped to wear off stress-eating related calories, lower blood pressure and heart rates as well as give the students a chance to let out steam and vent when they included a partner on their walk."

Tags:Nurse?s, Health, Study, heart, rate, Obesity

Abstract
The paper discusses the pros and cons of sports gambling, the problems with the betting - such as players receiving gifts from betting agents and the demoralization of the players and the game. The paper also studies the effect of sports betting on the economy.

From the Paper
"Gambling and betting on sports can be traced back to the Greeks and Roman days, if not before. Risk is the essence of sports, and so is gambling. So it isn't surprising to find the two hand in hand. But there are loud cries from politicians to pass bills against sport betting. The motivation for the bill can be traced to the Conservative Right and you can trace their thinking all the way back to the colonial period and the Puritans who tried to forbid gambling in New England. "The arguments we're hearing in 2001 are exactly what moral leaders argued about in 1700" "

Tags:Charlie, Hustle", Pete, Rose, Black, Sox, Scandal, NCAA, athletes, lottery

Abstract
This paper discusses that, unlike Western sports, Chinese sports and martial art are developed based on religious beliefs; in China, sports are based on two native religions, Taoism and Confucianism. The author reviews Susan Brownell's "Training the Body for China" in which she shares her studies of Chinese Olympic sports and martial arts. For example, the author point out that, in sport, Chinese culture employs self-disciplinary actions to deal with misbehavior to sustain order, a value of Confucianism.

From the Paper
"One of the beliefs Confucianism values is the importance of family; this notion is also the linkage between Confucianism and the practices Chinese sports. One of ethical lessons Confucianism teaches is Hsiao, which signifies love within family; this notion is also apparent in Chinese sports. According to Brownell, there has been a phenomenon of developing family-funded sports clubs and village-based associations among Chinese. Having family-funded sport clubs consisting family members as players clearly indicates how Confucianism value has become a part of Chinese life and sports."

Tags:martial, art, religious, beliefs, training, nature, ritual, performances, discipline, family, yin, yang, cosmology, universe

From the Paper
"The International Olympic Committee banned the use of anabolic steroids in 1976, and the American College of Sports Medicine produced a study in 1984 that examined the use of anabolic steroids. The study found that anabolic steroids contributed to increased body weight and could increase muscular strength in some athletes under proper conditions. The American college of Sports Medicine condemned the use of these drugs. Anabolic steroid use is associated with a variety of toxic effects, from adverse effects on the liver to effects on the male reproductive system (Dyment & Goldberg, 1989, 127).

"However, professional athletes and young athletes in high school and college are still using anabolic steroids as well. The scope of the problem is considerable. It is estimated that over one million Americans, half of them adolescents, use ..."

From the Paper
"In the West, the understanding of hatha yoga has been divorced from its roots in the ancient conceptualization of yoga to represent a means to attain purely physical well being. While it does contribute to that, that was not its original purpose.

Development of Yoga
The yogic system was first described, and compiled, by Patanjali in his Yoga Aphorisms, which are dated to the second or third century B.C.E. These yoga sutras have been translated and discussed by many interpreters -- a good modern version being that of J.H. Woods (1914). The term "yoga" itself has two different meanings in the Sanskrit, with the most commonly..."

From the Paper
"The drug, caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), is consumed worldwide. It is found in tea, coffee, and soft drinks. Caffeine is also a common ingredient in headache medications and appetite suppressants. The drug's primary physiologic effects involve the central nervous system: Caffeine is a stimulant. In addition, over the past several decades, the compound's influence on sports-related performance has also been investigated. Various studies indicate that caffeine may improve endurance performance during long-term, low-to-moderate intensity aerobic exercise. It is thought that this effect may result from an increase in metabolic efficiency. Some investigators believe that caffeine enhances the utilization of blood borne free fatty acids. Unfortunately though, such factors as a lack of..."

From the Paper
"College sports are big business. A college or university with a successful football or basketball team can leverage its sports success to increase its donations from alumni, and television revenue from televised football and basketball games can significantly contribute to a school's operating budget. Because of this, recruiting efforts can be intense as schools seek to attract the most promising high school and community college players, and the motivation to violate rules set down by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) can be high. This research examines the economic impact of sports, particularly football, on colleges and universities, recent scandals involving players and coaches which have rocked the NCAA, and considers whether or not players at the collegiate level should be paid for ..."

From the Paper
"Muhammad Ali was a great boxer. But, of course, turned out to be much more than a boxer. His victory over Sonny Liston in 1964 for the heavyweight title was only the beginning of a public life that has been played out as much on the front page as on the sports page.
This research examines the historical and legendary life of the boxer known as Muhammad Ali. Muhammad Ali's life example has served as a pivotal point in history for breaking racist stereotypes. Ali eventually used his boxing fame to create an ethnic identity for Afro-Americans in American history. His life is one of a great boxer, a symbol of black pride, a creator of a new civil rights movement, and a living prophet of religion as tolerance.

Not that his boxing feats can be minimized. Perhaps the.."

Abstract
Background
Basketball superstar Michael Jordan is the most "powerful"celebrity on the planet," according to a ranking by Forbes magazine on March 22, 1998. Those making the Forbes Celebrity 100 list were awarded

From the Paper
"THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MICHAEL JORDAN

Background
Basketball superstar Michael Jordan is the most "powerful"celebrity on the planet," according to a ranking by Forbes magazine on March 22, 1998. Those making the Forbes Celebrity 100 list were awarded a "power ranking" that measures 1998 income and media buzz - a blend of prominence on the Internet, magazine covers, on television and radio and in newspaper clips - that can also be a measure of future earnings power (Celebrity power..., 1998, 104). Thus, while comedian Jerry Seinfeld made the most money last year ($267 million) and teen heartthrob actor Leonardo DiCaprio appeared on the most magazine covers (14), it was Jordan who cashed in big time on his name ..."

From the Paper
"Numerous incidents of violence at sporting events in Europe and the United States have increased concerns that the act of watching certain sporting events, especially those involving violence such as Ice Hockey, Rugby, or Football, creates in some spectators the impetus for violent behavior at or immediately following the event. Fans trying to support their team and challenge supporters of the opposing team sometimes get carried away and commit violence on those opposing fans. In some cases, supporters of the winning or losing team carry their feelings out into the street and commit acts of vandalism and violence in the immediate area. The issue this raises is how it can be controlled, and theorists are considering what practical psychological strategies can be developed and implemented to curb spectator violence for these sporting events."