Abstract
The paper reveals that everything composed of ordinary familiar atoms like stars, planets, moons, comets and the whole lot from the tip of a needle to a mountain makes up about 4% of the universe. The paper then explains that the vast majority of the composition of the universe is a mysterious substance called dark energy and the remaining 22% is made up of the equally mysterious dark matter. The paper notes that dark matter does not give off light so we can't see it; however we know its there since it exerts a gravitational pull on the ordinary matter that we do see.

From the Paper
"Everything composed of ordinary familiar atoms like stars, planets, moons, comets and the whole lot from the tip of a needle to a mountain makes up about 4% of the universe. The vast majority of the composition of the universe is a mysterious substance called dark energy and the remaining 22% is made up of the equally mysterious dark matter. Dark matter does not give off light so we can't see it; however we know its there since it exerts a gravitational pull on the ordinary matter that we do see. Scientists have been aware of the possibility of the existence of dark matter since the 1930, however its composition remains unknown."

Tags:dark matter, universe, article

Abstract
This paper looks at the astronomical phenomenon known as dark energy and discusses key discoveries by Albert Einstein and Edwin Hubble are discussed as well as current research done by Saul Perlmutter from UC Berkeley. The paper addresses supernovae, redshifiting, and the state of the universe overall as a non-static enivronment.

From the Paper
"The universe came to existence about fifteen billion years ago with what is referred to as "The Big Bang". At this point the size of the universe was zero and after the initial reaction (or bang) began its expansion. The Standard Hot Big Bang model says that in the universe each part of the mass-energy contained is gravitationally attracted by all other mass-energy (Harrison 2001). This model alludes that the rate of expansion should be slowing down and brings questions about if the expansion will stop. After all, if everything that has mass is attracted to everything..."

Tags:dark, energy, universe

Abstract
This paper attempts to explore the Homeric uses of simple light and dark terms to develop possible symbolic meanings in the Lattimore translations of the epics "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey". It first explores references to light then dark uses in both epics and then explores individual uses in each epic. The order of explanation develops the point that in "The Iliad" light and dark references mostly describe war, while in "The Odyssey" the terms develop a wide array of objects and situations because there is no major war.

From the Paper
"First, light seems to appear in both epics when referencing gods, weapons, and other general descriptions. Through reading both epics, one can discover that Homer has utilized light to develop the love and admiration for gods and goddesses, much like other ancient Greek writers. Such descriptions can be seen in The Iliad. In the text Apollo is referred to as: "lord of the silver bow" (Book I, 37) . Throughout the text Homer's descriptions also portray Hera as the goddess with the white arms. Also, when in Olympos the gods and goddesses are said to drink in golden cups. In The Odyssey goddesses are especially referenced through bright terms."

Tags:achaean, achilles, achilleus, athena, odysseus, odyssey, patroklus, telemachus, trojan

Abstract
This paper relates that Seamus Deane's novel "Reading in the Dark" is part autobiographical and many of the recounted intricate events actually have taken place. The author points out that the text is partially a Bildungsroman because, in the first part of the narrator's life it recounts many obstacles; however, unlike in a Bildungsroman, the greatest part of these obstacles remain unresolved as the story comes full circle and the reader finds the narrator in the very same place. The paper concludes that "Reading in the Dark" is an excellent source of historical documentation on Irish culture because the history of the boy's family parallels the history of Ireland itself in its troubled past, full of violence and political secrecy. The paper includes several quotations.

From the Paper
"The novel revolves around a mystery that makes it resemble a detective story to a certain extent: the disappearance of Uncle Eddie, who is supposed to have been an informer for the IRA. The truth emerges gradually, and the boy narrator who tries to make sense of his family's story is not fully aware of the whole truth until the last part of the novel. The maze of facts and secrecy that involve almost all the members of the boy's family, both close and distant, already plunges the reader into the troubled and heavy atmosphere that the novel is charged with from beginning to the end."

Tags:bildungsroman, mystery, autobiographical, disappearance, family

Abstract
This paper presents a marketing strategy for glow-in-the-dark (GID) slippers. It discusses the many obstacles that GID faces, including creating a unique an innovative product that is differentiated from other glow in the dark products on the market today. It also discusses how GID must establish an online presence that is inviting rather than intimidating toward novice and experienced users alike and how these changes will improve marketing for the business.

Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Situational Analysis
Market Summary
Market Demographics and Market Needs
Market Growth
Marketing Objectives and Goals
Marketing Strategy
Action Tactics
Budgets
Controls

From the Paper
"It is likely that people of varying ages and interests will be accessing the Internet to surf for novelty products including glow in the dark slippers. GID's strategy will include targeting parents surfing parent sites for useful products to help illuminate the way when checking on sleeping children at night. The company will also target children surfing general retailers for entertainment purposes and heavily advertise to this market using this strategy."

Tags:internet, innovative, sales

Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that although he is best known as a humorist, journalist, and writer of children's literature, Mark Twain had a dark side, and his dark view of humanity appears as a theme in many of his writings. The writer discusses that in 'The Mysterious Stranger', Mark Twain points out mankind's flaws, character defects, and arrogance using Satan to reveal the hypocrisies and stupidities of the people of the tiny Austrian village of Eseldorf. The writer maintains that Mark Twain believed and demonstrated in 'The Mysterious Stranger' that human institutions, such as religion and government, justified and contributed to mankind's opportunities to inflict pain, make war, and torture or enslave each other, and provided justification for abuse of his "moral sense" and authority.

From the Paper
"Throughout the tale, in many examples, Satan describes and illustrates how humans are lower than other earthly creatures because of their dispositions and their perverted moral sense. The fact that humans know the difference between good and evil, yet allow evil to exist and practice it enthusiastically, made the race far more contemptible than any dumb animal.
"Satan/Twain saw this and was deeply troubled by the paradox of human nature, human society and human institutions that not only allowed but perpetuated evil in the world.
"Satan demonstrated this to the boys over and over again. First, he took the boys to the jail to visit Marget's father and commented mildly about a heretic who was being tortured ... "

Tags:moral, sense, authority, human, evils

Abstract
This paper describes dark energy, or anti-gravity, and debates theories of universe expansion, touching on Einstein's theory of relativity and cosmological constant. It also talks about the equation of state of the universe and its impact on universe expansion or contraction. It looks at how there are many theories about dark energy from the quintessence theory and the topological defect theory to the cosmological constant theory. It explains that, by analyzing the equation of state of this energy and evaluating current theories, scientists can construe a plausible theory for the fate of the universe.

From the Paper
"Physicists started negotiating and theorizing about the possibility of a dark energy around the turn of the century. One generally un-disproved theory from that time is that which relates the equation of state to the "cosmological constant." The cosmological constant (often called lambda) was proposed by Einstein in 1917 to make the universe unchanging in his equations (5). He was generally unsure of this idea, and rejected this theory shortly after it was determined that the universe is perpetually growing. However, his idea of a cosmological constant is currently applied to the universe in a slightly different way, setting the equation of state constant (5)(4). The current theories of dark energy date back to 1998 when supernovae were discovered to be dimmer than expected."

Tags:cosmological, einstein, gravity, hubble, quintessence

Abstract
This paper compares the similarities of Pink Floyd's Dark side of the Moon and The Wizard of Oz. The paper defends the idea that there was no intentional synchronization of the two pieces. This paper explores the facts and the myths that surround the cult like following of the phenomenon of synchronicity and what has been coined "The Dark Side of the Rainbow."

From the Paper
"For more than 60 years people have been watching the MGM movie The Wizard of OZ, and for almost 25 years people have been listening to the album Dark Side of The Moon by the rock group Pink Floyd. It wasn't until March of 1997 that a Disk Jockey in Boston mentioned on the air that if you sync the sounds of Dark Side of the Moon with the picture of The Wizard of Oz that there are many synchronistic occurrences. It is the intention of this paper to explore the facts and the myths that surround the cult like following of the phenomenon of synchronicity and what has been coined The Dark side of the Rainbow."

Tags:rock, music, dorothy, media, jung, synchronicity, gilmour, waters, wright, mason

Abstract
This paper examines the Greek mythological master piece "Sailing In The Wine Dark Sea" written by Thomas Cahill, with special reference to educational issues being derived from the Greek civilization. The book reflects Greek civilization being primordial in such a way that the totality of human culture seems to originate from within it. Hence, along with the rich ancient heritage of art, philosophy, and semantics the Greeks passed down a number of repulsive elements in the field of education and its acquisition.

Contents:
Abstract
"Sailing In The Wine Dark Sea" -Why the Greeks Matter
Historical Issues In Modern Education
Conclusion

From the Paper
"This eminence and brilliance of the Greek civilization has been admired, acknowledged and elucidated in a tour that spans warriors, politicians, thinkers, playwrights and a pantheon of deities. Thus, Thomas Cahill has illuminated the epitomes of a Greek experience by touching all aspects of their society and providing a Greek link to every aspect of our contemporary life. Cahill's scrutinized the history for the object of developing a better understanding for our contemporary world. He breathes life into the dead and the bygone by considering similar routes trodden a million years ago, so that scholars can carry out a comparative study and understand what led to the present consequences. In this way they can get a better understanding of how men and women, our culture, semantics, society and intellect has been molded the way it has. Also, this book provides a reference point, a justification and a substantiation of present scenarios and helps us in eliminating the root of issues that hinder the acquisition of education and issues historically seeded therein. "

Tags:western, society, art, culture, philosophy, language, civilization

Abstract
This paper presents a marketing strategy for glow-in-the-dark (GID) slippers. It discusses the many obstacles that GID faces, including creating a unique an innovative product that is differentiated from other glow in the dark products on the market today. It also discusses how GID must establish an online presence that is inviting rather than intimidating toward novice and experienced users alike and how these changes will improve marketing for the business.

Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Situational Analysis
Market Summary
Market Demographics and Market Needs
Market Growth
Marketing Objectives and Goals
Marketing Strategy
Action Tactics
Budgets
Controls

From the Paper
"It is likely that people of varying ages and interests will be accessing the Internet to surf for novelty products including glow in the dark slippers. GID's strategy will include targeting parents surfing parent sites for useful products to help illuminate the way when checking on sleeping children at night. The company will also target children surfing general retailers for entertainment purposes and heavily advertise to this market using this strategy."

Tags:internet, innovative, sales