Abstract
In this article the writer discusses that the Darfur crisis as it exists today is the result of a convergence of domestic political and cultural causes, within the context of regional political and environmental circumstances, all of which are being looked upon with good-intentioned neglect by the international community. This essay explores the Darfur crisis with a focus on discerning the root causes of the crisis from its more immediate direct causes. The thesis is argued, while its direct causes seem to lie in a botched counter-insurgency program launched by the Sudanese government which coincided with drought and regional environmental issues, its root causes lie in the structuring of the Sudanese state in the wake of colonialism. As is seen, the inability of the Sudanese government to address the complex needs of diverse groups within its state lies ultimately at the root of the Darfur crisis, with implications both for the Sudan and other post-colonial states.

From the Paper
"Prunier's observation is valuable in two respects: first, he cites the fact that the Sudan has been internationally recognized for another long-running civil conflict in its recent history, and secondly that the causes of the Darfur crisis are not immediately clear or easy to understand. The reference to the Sudan's history of internal civil conflict is particularly significant, as it suggests that there are systemic problems in the Sudanese state that extend beyond the confines of the Darfur crisis. It may be argued that these problems are the "root" causes of the Darfur crisis.
"The Sudan as it exists today is largely a legacy of the colonial era, when the British empire governed vast swathes of Africa. However, a defining characteristic of the Sudan from its colonial period has been the combination of enormous territory and diverse ethnic populations, with an overcentralized state."

Tags:Sudan, colonialism, civil, conflict

Abstract
This paper discusses the Darfur crisis and China's role in the situation. It provides a background to the crisis and suggests that international condemnation of China's role in the Darfur situation can be seen as being sustainable in terms of the precepts of reality theory. The paper describes this theory and discusses how it presents a plausible case for understanding the Chinese position.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
China and Relationships with the Sudan
Sudanese Interests
Diplomat and Political Relationships
The Question of Chinese Responsibility for Darfur
China and Realist Theory
The Question of Responsibility
Conclusion

From the Paper
"This argument has also to be considered in the light of a central aspect that emerges for the above analysis. This refers to Realist theory and the constraints of international politics over other more "ethical" considerations. This must also take into account the fact that China with its growing population and economic requirements desperately needs resources; and that it has been forced to a certain extent by the dominance of powerful corporations to seek these resources in countries like Sudan. From this point of view, China has seemingly little choice but to maintain a relationship with Sudan."

Tags:corporation, genocide, crisis, power

Abstract
The paper focuses on the Darfur crisis as it exists today, asserting that the crisis is the result of a convergence of domestic political and cultural causes, within the context of regional political and environmental circumstances, all of which are being looked upon with good-intentioned neglect by the international community. The paper also explores the Darfur crisis with a focus on discerning the "root" causes of the crisis from its more immediate "direct" causes. The thesis will be argued, while its direct causes seems to lie in a botched counter-insurgency program launched by the Sudanese government which coincided with drought and regional environmental issues, its root causes lie in the structuring of the Sudanese state in the wake of colonialism.

From the Paper
"The Darfur crisis as it exists today is the result of a convergence of domestic political and cultural causes, within the context of regional political and environmental circumstances, all of which are being looked upon with good-intentioned neglect by the international community. This essay will explore the Darfur crisis with a focus on discerning the "root" causes of the crisis from its more immediate "direct" causes. The thesis will be argued, while its direct causes seems to lie in a botched ..."

Tags:international, tragedy, Sudan, suffering, Africa

Abstract
This paper discusses the genocide in Darfur and argues that the West had a responsibility in helping the country. The paper discusses how while the United States have military power to help they are often blocked due to international law, but an organization of military power set up to stop genocide or massive crimes against humanity would be able to step in to stop genocide in Darfur or other countries.

From the Paper
""The United Nations says that up to 300,000 people have died and more than 2.2 million have fled their homes since the Darfur conflict erupted in February 2003" ("Sudan: Police Detain" ). The question is who was responsible to help the people in Darfur and whether it was actually intented to launch a campaign of genocide or was it crimes against humanity. The question is whether it was genocide even though it has caused hundreds of thousands of deaths and 2.5 million people displaced (Reeves 83). The problem is that people argue whether this was a genocide. It is important to consider what obligation the United States and other countries had to stop this..."

Tags:genocide, responsibility, west

Abstract
The paper provides the background to the ongoing conflict in Darfur that has become one of the worst humanitarian crises in the region and the world. The paper explores the regional effects of this violence and discrimination and the worldwide response. The paper discusses how the international community has not been willing to come to the aid of a citizenry being killed by their own government and have become diverted by the debate of whether or not genocide is being perpetrated. The paper notes the weakness of the United Nations and points out that although the United States attempted to take a lead in the intervention for the citizens of Darfur, when the Bush administration was in power, the U.S. lost credibility in the international community. The paper concludes that major reconstruction is needed to restore the people's livelihoods and abilities to raise their families in any kind of peace and comfort.

Outline:
Background
Regional Effects
Worldwide Effects
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The conflict in Darfur is a result of preferential treatment of Arabs in the region and simultaneous oppression of the more populous non-Arabs at the periphery, areas that have historically been slave hunting grounds. Higher status has been given to Muslim, Arabic-speaking and Arab descended individuals ever since British control, partially due to the greater natural resources available in the lands where the Arabs resided near the Nile River. [Deng]
"Non-Arab rebel groups make up the governmental opposition. The main two organizations are the Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM). They are from three black African tribes who are primarily engaged in agriculture. On the other side of the conflict is an Arab militia group called the Janjaweed. The Arabs in Darfur are mostly semi-nomadic livestock herders, although intermarriages have narrowed the physical and occupational differences of the two types of Darfur citizens."

Tags:Janjaweed, genocide, violence, discrimination, humanitarian, aid

Abstract
The paper examines mainstream and alternative newspapers and magazines in order to demonstrate how mainstream newspaper coverage of the genocide is woefully inadequate, while the efforts of alternative media sources are commendable. The paper highlights the wider repercussions of this failure and shows how the negligible coverage reveals the media's decades-long indifference and racism toward the inhabitants of Africa. The paper strongly asserts that newspaper editors must make amends by bombarding readers with daily accounts of the terrible slaughter.

Outline:
Introduction
General Analysis on the paucity of newspaper coverage on Darfur
How have the publications mentioned above differed in their coverage of the genocide
Repercussions
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The average American citizen will, sadly, know more about the politics of the popular television show American Idol than about the ongoing carnage in Sudan's Darfur region. The genocide in that war-torn country has raged for approximately four years and claimed over 200,000 lives, but these seminal facts have yet to jolt the inhabitants of affluent countries into action. Admittedly, it is somewhat churlish to blame these individuals, as most media outlets cheerfully ignore the distant atrocities and, at best, pay vague lip service to the idea that governments must intervene and halt the bloodshed."

Tags:indifference, racism, coverage, newspapers

Abstract
This paper discusses the roles of ethics in foreign policy. It specifically focuses on the case of China with regards to Darfur. The paper discusses the advantages of China vetoing the resolution against Darfur and then looks at the disadvantages. Specifically, the paper questions whether China will support the crisis in Darfur in order to advance its own economy.

Table of Contents:
Objective
Research Question
Introduction
Literature Review
The Issue
Ethics in Foreign Policy School of Thought
Case Study and the Case of Darfur
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In the present study of China and the case of Darfur, it is clear that in the beginning of this issue that China was determined to stay removed and aloof from the crisis occurring in Darfur and this is for several reasons. The first reason is that China has traditionally and historically stayed aloof from such international events and crises and therefore was following the tradition in the country for addressing such problems. The second reason is obviously economic and political reasons due to their close friendship and business relationship with the country of Sudan in which the Darfur region is located. China is greatly dependent upon petroleum purchases that the country of China makes from the country of Sudan and as well China has a great deal of investment tied up in the country of Sudan in energy projects such as the investment that China has made in Sudan's energy producing dams. The fact is that China in actuality has watered down each attempt made by UN resolutions to address this problem in Sudan and has quite emphatically insisted that the permission of the Sudanese government must be gained prior to introducing UN peace keeping forces into the country. Because of this insistence on the part of China, many of the UN resolutions made to deal with the problem in Darfur were rendered null and void. However, pressure from the international community and most specifically as related to the upcoming 2008 Olympics has forced China to remove itself from its traditional stance in this situation and China stepped out and attempted to persuade the government of Sudan to allow peace keeping forces from the United Nations to enter their country, but to no avail. While economic interest had indeed played a great role in the stance of China on the situation in Darfur, simultaneously the country of China has attempted to gratuitously adhere to the wishes of the public throughout the international world."

Tags:crisis, peace, genocide, Sudan

Abstract
A review of five articles dealing with the crisis in Darfur and efforts to persuade China to do something to ease the situaition. The reason seems to be that China has a major invrstment in Suidan and 60 percent of Sudan's oiol is sold to China.

From the Paper
The Media's Take on China, Darfur and Required Action Too many people believe that the media is too liberal and that their reporting is usually slanted to the Left of political center. There are some others who believe the media needs to separate objectivity and opinion. The five articles concerning the West's view of what Mainland China should do to alleviate the slaughter in Darfur treads a very thin line between the two. On the one hand, one can believe that China is nudging closer to asking the Sudan for some positive action because of economic, rather than humanitarian reasons. While one article explains that China has begun

Tags:darfur, china, olympics

Abstract
This paper describes the current humanitarian crisis in Darfur. It explains that there are many reasons why the international community should become involved in this terrible situation. One is that we have a moral obligation to do so and another is that there is a need to set an example to the Khartoum government, that genocide is not acceptable. Finally, success in Darfur would gain the United States and other countries that came to Darfur's aid, a political reward of having another democratic nation as an ally. This paper explores all three of these reasons.

From the Paper
"This humanitarian crisis should not turn into a political pawn to be used by the Bush Administration, however. The U.S. has been known for many decades to promote peace in Sudan, so of course the Bush Administration wants the same credit. Peace is not being achieved right now, and the U.S. government needs to acknowledge this. Booker and Colgan write, "The Administration had hoped that such an agreement would allow it to lift sanctions on Sudan. This, in turn, would permit US oil companies to pursue a share of the country's recently developed oil wealth. Such interests, however, cannot be allowed to compromise a larger moral obligation." "

Tags:arab, community, darfur, international, janjaweed, killing, militia, political, sudan

Abstract
This paper presents a neo-liberal analysis of the politics of humanitarian intervention with a focus on Darfur in Sudan. It shows how the Sudanese government fails dearly in resolving the humanitarian crisis ther and, in fact, fuels the crisis. The paper looks at the urgent call for intervention from the international community and discusses the issues and disputes that arise from this intervention. The paper makes its analysis from a neo-liberal perspective.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Darfur: A Background
Humanitarian Intervention
Darfur and the Politics of Humanitarian Intervention: A Neo-liberal Analysis
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Last is the issue of resources. With the discovery of oil in Sudan, many of the world's big players, like France and China, have then taken a keen interest of the issues confronting the country. The confirmation of substantial oil reserves in the contested south adds to the country's geopolitical importance. This is evidenced in the tangled US history in Sudan has veered back and forth between close support and active antagonism for decades, first according to the vagaries of regional Cold War alliances and later the exigencies of domestic American politics. Today, the dominant concerns are the "war on terrorism" - and oil. Also, the factor that China is one of the biggest investors in Khartoum and the fact that China gets its supply of oil to fuel its skyrocketing development from Sudan says a lot in its passive response to the atrocities in Darfur.
"This was seen in the role that it played in the delay in the sending of UN peacekeeping forces in Darfur. The immediate cause of the delay has been attributed is the refusal by Sudan's president, Omar Hassan al-Bashir, to agree to a UN force. He is able to get away with this largely because China, a permanent member of the Security Council, continues to protect him with the threat of using its veto. One reason Beijing stands behind Bashir is oil. China is trying to diversify its oil sources beyond the crisis- prone Middle East, and Africa is one obvious alternative. Already, 7 percent of China's imported oil comes from Sudan . Based on this, it is then quite clear that resources do matter in the politics of humanitarian intervention - an issue that is not given much importance in the neo-liberal perspective."

Tags:resources, international aid, conflict