Abstract This paper summarizes the plot of "Tess of D'ubervilles" as well as analyzing its main characters. It also examines the life and works of the writer Thomas Hardy. It describes the writer's influences and how they have affected his writing. The paper studies Thomas Hardy's societal and literary significance at that time and up until today. It also studies several critical reviews made regarding Thomas Hardy's works.
From the Paper "John Durbeyfield thinks he's found the solution to his family's poverty, when it is disclosed upon him by Parson Tringham that the Durbeyfields are some faraway relatives of the D'Urbervilles. However, it's no refuge but just the beginning of the destruction of our heroin Tess Durbeyfield. John Durbeyfield makes ambitious plans to restore his relations with the Urbervilles by sending his daughter Tess to live with them. Tess would not have agreed to this if the Durbyfield's poverty would not have been further emphasized by the wreckage of their carriage and only source of income. The antagonist, a typical, feudal, womanizer of a villain, is broached during Tess's stay at the Urbervilles. He immediately tries to seduce Tess, and uses all his feline charms on Tess without much success. Tess feels rather humiliated when she learns that Stoke-D'Urbervilles (head of the family), has no knowledge of Tess's kinship to them. Meanwhile Alec persistently pursues Tess. Finally, the lusty playboy succeeds in his act when he deflowers Tess at an incident that seems as if it was minutely crafted. Tess condemns herself for her weakness and tells Alec that she will never be able to love him. Several weeks after the incident Tess returns to her village, pregnant. However, her child dies even before he is baptized and Tess even finds it difficult to get a Christian funeral on just her personal account of the birth."
Abstract This paper details the history and goals of D.A.R.E. which was created in 1983 to educate students across America about the dangers of illegal drugs. Today D.A.R.E. is present in most U.S. schools as well as 13 foreign countries and has garnered the enthusiastic support and sponsorship of educators, law enforcement agencies and the media. The writer of this paper evaluates the strategies and effectiveness of this program against other drug education programs.
Table of Contents:
Policy that Governs D.A.R.E.
Funding of D.A.R.E
D.A.R.E At Different Levels
Proposal Against D.A.R.E.
Inception and Sponsorship of D.A.R.E.
Pros and Cons of D.A.R.E. Policies
Goals and Objectives and Future Intended Policies
Changes Made to the Curriculum
Recommendation
From the Paper "The billions of dollars spent on D.A.R.E. clearly cannot compete with parental involvement. D.A.R.E.'s results do not show success. In addition, they do not show progress. We are staring at an ever-growing mountain of evidence representing that D.A.R.E. simply does not work - kids in the program are just as likely to use drugs as children not in the program. Reality does not get much harsher than that. It is clearly time to cut our losses with D.A.R.E. and return to the tried-and-true approach of personal responsibility."
Abstract This paper analyzes the neurobiological disorder Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder The paper begins by defining A.D.H.D. It then discusses the etiology, treatment options, gender and cultural characteristics, as well as the future prognosis of the disorder.
From the Paper "Currently there is no "cure" for ADHD. Children with the disorder seldom outgrow it; however, some may find adaptive ways to accommodate ADHD as they mature. The long-term prognosis when ADHD is unrecognized and untreated in the adolescent is discouraging: maternal and prenatal morbidity may be anticipated. The actual assessment of risk in the setting of pregnancy and unrecognized ADHD remains largely unknown, and the benefits of timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment of ADHD during pregnancy have yet to be addressed."
Abstract This paper explains that Medicare, which is the health insurance program by the United States Federal government, provides medical treatment to qualified recipients and is run by The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Part D is the new outpatient prescription drug benefit. The author points out that, because the enactment of Medicare Part D makes the United States Federal Government the biggest client of pharmaceuticals in the U.S. and possibly the world, drug development and approval process will be notably affected by this law through the direct involvement of CMS in application reviews. The paper stresses that, by using a system of risk corridors, which compares actual incurred drug benefit costs to estimated costs submitted in bids, Medicare limits the profits and losses of Part D drug plans.
Table of Contents
What is Medicare?
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) and Its Influence on the Health Care Industry
Economics
How CMS Affects the Operation and Finance of Medicare Part D
From the Paper "CMS is also working with other health agencies such as the National Cancer Institute with regards to research and development of drugs. A new policy gives them additional powers to pay for off-label uses of a new drug or device, so long as patients are in involve in studies to gather new data that may be beneficial to future patients. This policy however raised certain concerns from industry players as to fears the agency will reject compensation of new cures or procedures unless the post-approval studies are paid for by sponsors. Nonetheless, guidelines have already been drafted to address this concern."
Abstract This paper describes the proposed Medicare Part D legislation, which would require the Department of Health and Human Services to negotiate discounts or fix reference prices with the drug industry. However, the paper explains there are problems with this bill. After reviewing the many influences that affect this bill, the author proposes additional legislation to cover the doughnut hole gap in the current bill and for negotiating drug pricing under this program.
Table of Contents:
History and Legislative Influences: Medicare Part D Legislative Influences
Economic Principles
Legislative Influences
Regulatory Influences
Government Role: Medicare Part D Government Influences
Society's Relationship
Effects on Population Subgroups
Elderly Population
Disabled Population
Macroeconomic Impact
Healthcare System
Impacts of External Factors
Solutions to Mitigate Impacts
Final Proposal Medicare Part D Proposal for Coverage Gap Changes
Negotiating Drug Pricing
Conclusion
From the Paper "The basic structure of Medicare Part D has an extensive social and legislative history, which is helpful to understand. The MMA of 2003 was finally bringing prescription drug coverage to the seniors of America. In 1965, Medicare was signed into law. During the 1960s, pharmaceuticals were not as critical to healthcare as they are today. There were not as many medicines available and the drugs, which were available, had less therapeutic benefits."
This is an argumentative essay discussing why the D.A.R.E. program should be kept in schools. It offers expert opinions, including my personal experience with the D.A.R.E. program.
Abstract It explains the author's personal experience with D.A.R.E., how D.A.R.E. helps teach students the dangers of drugs, helps students to deal with peer pressures, and why it is necessary to teach students at such a young age. Also deals with refutations to arguments, such as it costs too much, and it teaches the students where to get drugs.
From the Paper "It was an early Thursday morning, but for some reason, all the students in my class looked wide awake. Usually students were dragging themselves through the history lessons and cursive practice in the early mornings, but Thursdays were different. The students were all excited. They were anticipating the arrival of Officer Potnick. Officer Potnick was a huge, burly man with a deep laugh. He came in wearing his police uniform which made every student jump to attention. Also, he had a great sense of humor which helped keep the students on their toes. He taught us very important lessons about the danger of drugs."
Tags: abuse, addiction, children, criminal, elementary, issues, justice, social, students
Abstract In this article, the writer looks at the most significant manifestation of the war on drugs, that is the "Drug Abuse Resistance Education", or D.A.R.E. organization, a non-profit entity founded by Daryl Gates, the Los Angeles Police chief, in 1983. The writer discusses how this organization aims to tackle drug abuse. The writer notes that within D.A.R.E. children and youth are informed of the exact consequences of their actions, while at the same time, presented with the responsibility to consciously make a choice with the best possible consequences. In this essay, the writer discusses various reactions and effects of the D.A.R.E. program.
Table of Contents:
The Problem
Today's Drug Issue
What Works?
Both Sides of the Line
Key Players
Conflicting Side(s)
Policy Points
Confronting Changes
Bibliography
From the Paper "Drug Abuse ranks first in the 1980s survey. Today, in response to reported increases of drug use and abuse problem among the youth of the United States, the Government has declared a "war" on drugs. The most significant manifestation of this war is the "Drug Abuse Resistance Education", or D.A.R.E., organization, a non-profit entity founded by Daryl Gates, the Los Angeles Police chief, in 1983. During this time, approximately 25,000 police officers were trained to teach DARE. Forty-four other countries reportedly utilize DARE programs. DARE activities range from includes "visitation" lessons where police officers present brief lessons to students in kindergarten through fourth grade."
Abstract This paper is an in-depth examination of the Benjamin Franklin's achievements in life and how D.H. Lawrence's view of the world affected his evaluation of these achievements. The author looks at Franklin's many achievements including the development of electricity and its many off-shoots, the development of a postal system, the creation of bi-focal glasses and the invention of the fireplace and stoves. Franklin's strong sense of family and family values, his knowledge of weather and weather patterns, his negotiating skills and subsequent successes in international relations are also discussed in detail. The author then demonstrates how D. H. Lawrence criticizes each and every achievement of Franklin's without hesitation and in many of these instances, without any logical reasoning.
From the Paper "All of the things we are discussing would have a much different meaning if it were not for Ben's skills as a negotiator. Without help from the French the result of our war to get the British out of America could easily have failed. Our navy fought remarkably well as did our army, but they had smaller numbers and did not have the experience and training of the British troops. The additional resources supplied by France were essential. The negotiations to acquire this kind of support were very difficult. Only a person of Ben's intellect and charm could have made it happen. Franklin had not only the French to deal with, but also the other two Americans that were part of the commission. "Coming straight from London, Arthur Lee [one of other two on the commission] arrived in Paris shortly after Franklin and proceeded immediately to find fault with everything his colleagues were doing"and not doing. A highly intelligent man, trained in law and medicine, but afflicted with a fair degree of paranoia, Lee was a Franklin-hater of long standing (Lopez and Herbert 234).? Lawrence can only complain about Ben's ability to create a situation where America was able to create its own country rather than staying under British rule. He cannot tolerate independence and creative thought in a country that broke away from his native England."
Abstract This paper proposes research into the D.A.R.E. program which was formulated in 1983 with a view to reduce the rate of crime and drug use in American schools. The paper calls for a need to research this program due to the conflicting results of studies done on the effectiveness of the program, as well as the high cost involved in implementing D.A.R.E. The paper also proposes research methodology which will be used in the examination.
From the Paper "The research in this area is also important because of the conflicting views circulating about DARE's effectiveness. While some declare DARE to be a completely useless program, there are still some schools, which have reported positive results. For example in the state of Ohio, a study was conducted with 3,000 11th grade students and it was found that they had all been positively influenced by the DARE program. Misleading information can cause economic as well as social problems. OHIO students and teachers were of the view that DARE program did bring positive changes in the attitude of the youth towards drug use as some of them became more careful and peer resistance also increased. But it was also found that the youth that was already using drugs did not quit because of DARE messages."
Abstract This paper deals with the role of material desires in the novel "Tess of the D?urbervilles" by Thomas Hardy. The writer focuses on the individual characters, starting with Tess's parents, Alec D?urberville, Angel Clare, and Tess Durbeyfield. The paper reveals the material desires of the characters which lead to tragedy of the heroine in despair. Moreover, this study presents Hardy's world of desires through the eyes of Hardy's critics. The paper concludes with Hardy's understanding of love, sex, and material desires and effects of those elements on human life.
From the Paper "Tragedy is formed in a number of forms and influences people's life in different ways. Most of them suffer the tragedies with a lot of pain ; but people also contribute to the tragedy unconsciously , as well as consciously. Ignorant of the consequences that would subsequently follow , lustful characters play crucial roles in the life of the scapegoat.As Goethe says in his masterpiece Faust ; "While man's desires stir, He can not choose but err." In the novel of Thomas Hardy , Tess of the D'urbervilles , tragedy be falls on the protagonist ,Tess Durbeyfield. Despite her innocency and poor decisions which lead to her destruction; Tess's parents, Angel Clare, and Alec D'urberville contribute to the tragedy."
Tags: desires, material, urbervilles, literature, english
Abstract This paper explains that there does not seem to be much in-depth information about Isabella d'Este on the internet as compared to other figures of her time. The majority of the references to her are in regards to either Leonardo DaVinci or some other lesser known Renaissance artists. The author points out that the best site by far is by a group called The Xenophon Group International, a military history group which delves deeply into the background of Isabella's family and her life. The paper relates that an Italy-based site titled "Arte Mantovana" is the home of one of the worst sites on Isabella d'Este; incredibly short, this site does not even begin to scratch the surface of Isabella's life or her many contributions to the arts, scholars, and politics of Renaissance Italy.
From the Paper "There is one site that is bad, but not too bad, definitely not the worst; though it is merely a Geocities.com site. For those not familiar, Geocities is a free website hosting/building website. Very little of value, as far as education, can normally be found there. This particular site has a few things going for it that keep it from the bottom of the list. First of all it features a few pictures to go along with the information that gives you a better look at Isabella and her family. The information on the site is rather sloppy but there is more there than with some other sites."
Abstract This paper discusses the betrayal and hypocrisy found in Victorian society as found in Thomas Hardy's "Tess of the d'Urbervilles." The paper studies the betrayal of Tess by four of the novel's main characters, these characters being Mr. and Mrs. Durbeyfield, Tess' parents, Alec d'Urberville and Angel Clare. The paper describes how Angel's betrayal of Tess is seen as the worst, as it is unexpected and leaves the novel and Victorian society without a hero and the victim without a savior.
From the Paper "All's Wrong with the World": Betrayal in Hardy's Tess of the d'Urbervilles In his brilliant, and only, novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray, Oscar Wilde laments the moral, or immoral, actions of the Victorian Age in which he is living. Principally, he shows the eponymous character following all forms of vice while betraying and deceiving those around him, in order to show that sometimes such an age of moral high-ground is not so moral, after all. In one such moment, Dorian has betrayed the young and infatuated Sybil Vane, and is reminiscing on this betrayal that will eventually lead to her death when.."
Abstract The paper discusses the mission of the Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.) program that is focused on providing school children with incentives to choose against the use of drugs. The paper describes the issue in general and explores who exactly the key players are in the issue. The paper notes how the children being taught, their parents, educators, the government and the police force all play a significant role not only in the success, but also in the perpetuation of the program. The paper examines the criticism against the program in some detail and also considers the financial aspect of the D.A.R.E. effort. The paper concludes that the money spent should be applied to programs that measure in actual effectiveness rather than popularity.
Outline:
Summary
History and Overview of the Issue
The Key Players
The Conflicting Side(s)
Relevant Policy
Policy Impact
The Budgeting Issue
From the Paper "In response to the perceived increase of the drug use and abuse problem among the youth of the United States, the Government has declared a "war" on drugs. The most significant manifestation of this war is the "Drug Abuse Resistance Education", or D.A.R.E., organization. This non-profit entity was founded by Daryl Gates, the Los Angeles Police chief, in 1983. The organization focuses on school and youth programs. These programs discourage the use of drugs by means of information regarding the effects and dangers of substance abuse (City of Manhattan Beach Police, 2005)."
Abstract This paper explains that the protagonist Tess, in Thomas Hardy's "Tess of the D'Urbervilles", is a young, poor and naive girl who not only dreams of falling in love but also feels a strong sense of duty to provide for her family. The author points out that this novel also portrays powerfully the greed and selfishness of the other main characters. The paper suggests that Tess' poverty and a capitalist society are the motivation behind the greed, which led Tess' parents to hopes she would marry a rich gentleman and bring home money to them. The author underscores that, throughout the novel, the structured class system and rules of society influence Tess. The paper concludes that, although Tess appears to be weak in character and makes some wrong choices, her misfortunes are not all her fault and have been inflicted on her by others, especially Alec D'Urberville and Angel Claire.
From the Paper "Not only is Alec a great influence and cause of Tess' misfortunes, but it is the abandonment from her husband Angel Claire that has the greatest impact on her. Tess is not only ashamed of her life of poverty and where she comes from, but Angel further adds to her feelings of shame of what has happened to her. Angel always assumed that Tess was a pure and respectable woman. He tells his parents that Tess is "open to conviction...a regular church-goer of simple faith; honest-hearted, receptive, intelligent, graceful to a degree, virtuous as a vestal, and...exceptionally beautiful.""
Tags: love family naive, structured class system, capitalist
Abstract This paper analyzes a poem by Charles G.D. Roberts, "Kinship," that encapsulates the privations of Native Canadians during the latter stages of the nineteenth century. Specifically, the paper discusses how native Canadians found themselves marginalized in the Canada of that time - and how Charles G.D. Roberts, while progressive in his empathy and feeling for the plight of Canada's aboriginal population, nonetheless sees this segment of the nation's population through a European lens.
From the Paper "In late nineteenth century Canada, the question of what to do with the nation's natives was one that preoccupied policy-makers. Simply put, here was a large number of men and women (and children) whose traditional habits, attitudes, modes of living, and religious sentiments were well outside the mainstream of Canadian society. The end result, as grimly noted in an online report sponsored by the Saskatchewan Indian Cultural Center, was for the Canadian government to pursue a policy that forcibly remade Native Canadians in the image of their European counterparts ("Our Way," para.5-6). This meant, for all intents and purposes, the imposition of policies that undermined traditional native culture, the creation of the Industrial and Boarding School Systems and the abolition of religious ceremonies and dances."
