Examination of the validity of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) prediction equation to estimate submaximal VO2 during cycleergometry in cyclists and aerobically-trained non-cyclists.
Abstract This study examines the validity of the ACSM prediction equation for estimating oxygen consumption during submaximal cycling in aerobically trained males. The alternate hypothesis of this study is that the estimated vs. actual VO2 during submaximal cycleergometry would be similar from 50-200 W. A secondary focus analyzes and compares the accuracy of the equation between two distinct groups of subjects (trained male cyclists vs. aerobically-trained male non-cyclists).
Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper "The results of this study suggest that the ACSM cycle ergometry prediction equation is most accurate at moderate workloads (~100-150 W). Furthermore, training status has no effect on the predictive value of the equation. Further studies on the effects of training habitus should be fashioned to include a larger sample with greater distinction in training volume, i.e. cycle ~200 miles/week vs. sedentary. Based on the current sample size, subtle differences are very difficult to observe. However, this study provides a strong basis for the direction of future research in this area."
Abstract In this article the writer reviews the nature and functioning of the Diesel cycle. The writer discusses applications of the Diesel cycle through the use of Diesel engines. In this paper, the writer looks at applications of the Diesel engline cycle to both industry and consumers.
From the Paper "This research reviews the Diesel cycle and considers applications of the Diesel cycle in industrial capacities and consumer uses. The findings of the research are presented in two major discussions. The initial discussion reviews the Diesel cycle while the second discussion considers the applications of the Diesel cycle. The diesel engine was developed in Germany by Rudolf Diesel. Although Diesel intended that the new type of engine would burn fossil fuels from the very beginning ... "
Abstract This paper explains the theory behind the carnot cycle. It also goes through the influence of Nicholas-Leonard-Sadi Carnot, William Thomson (Lord Kelvin), and Rudolf Clausius. The paper includes pictures and diagrams as supplements to the text.
From the Paper "All of the heat input is supplied at a single high temperature and all the heat output is rejected at a single lower temperature. The Carnot cycle is completely reversible since there are no "one way" processes such as explosions or throttling actions. The isothermal and adiabatic processes of the Carnot cycle are idealizations of actual processes. The direction of either process may be reversed by only a slight change in the external pressure. In addition, there is no friction present and the working substance is always extremely close to equilibrium."
Tags: carnot, clausius, cycle, engine, heat, kelvin, lord, rudolf
Abstract This paper studies Erik Erikson's life cycle stage development theory. The paper applies the eights stages of Erikson's model to the life history of a retired 69-year-old male accountant.
From the Paper "My interpreter is named Don Weldon, a 69 year-old retired accountant who is divorced with one male son. Mr. Weldon worked for Penn State University for over thirty years and resides in State College Pennsylvania in the summers and Lakeland Florida in the winter..."
Tags: Erikson, life cycle, stage development, friends, family, life history, human growth
Abstract This paper explains the benefits of using a system development life cycle methodology (SDLC) for implementing a management information system. The paper describes the various options for a MIS and explains why the model of an SDLCs is preferred.
From the Paper "A system development life cycle SDLC is the overall process of developing information systems through a multistep process, from investigation of initial requirements through analysis, design, implementation and..."
Tags: systems development life cycle methodology, SDLC, benefits, management information system, top-down design
Abstract This paper describes the impact of organizational life cycle on management philosophies and practices. It explains the significant management challenges during each of the stages of the organization (start-up, growth, maturity and decline). It describes how one might responded to those challenges.
From the Paper Organization Life Cycle Introduction Bill Blundon and Allen Bonde in Information Week note that when it comes to managing a company change is the rule ratherthan the exception It is an organization's success in managing changethat differentiates the well managed and successful companies from theirless successful competitors Constant change in the internal and externalbusiness environment requires continual improvements by the organization Successful corporations are willing and able to change and are willing todo so in order to stay competitive Many companies rely
Tags: organizational life cycle, management philosophies and practices, management challenges, stages of the organization, start-up, growth, maturity and decline
Abstract This paper describes how a family of origin functioned during family life cycle events and tasks. Considers aspects such as degrees of assimilation and adaptation, differentiation, boundary adjustment, shifting of roles and establishment of family rules. The paper gives attention to particular events that challenge a family of origin during a phase of development. The essay shows that we can apply developmental thinking to a family system. The important points discussed are as follows:, clear introduction and focus, clear concise reporting and observations, demonstrated understanding of developmental tasks and events.
From the Paper "This paper describes how a family of origin functioned during family life cycle events and tasks. The events tasks selected are those of having young children, dealing with adolescence, launching children from the home, and being confronted with the empty nest phenomenon. The family of origin, Family Y, consists of a traditional nuclear family. They have been married for years and have three children, two girls and a boy, which are now adults."
Abstract The sport of cycling and coaching pedagogy is changing as newer technologies provide for the opportunity to train more effectively with less risk of physical damage. This paper outlines some of the more recent changes including the use of heart rate monitors, power ranges for training and performance based on heart rate zones, lactate thresholds and FaCT training.
Abstract This paper discusses how in 1995, Gartner analyst Jackie Fenn created the Gartner Hype Cycle to explain the cycle of hope and disappointment that is common with technology innovations. Specifically, the paper provides a view of Gartner's Hype Cycle and cdiscusses each of the five phases in the cycle.
Outline:
Abstract
Predicting the Dot-Com Bubble
The Hype Cycle: Technology Trigger
The Hype Cycle: Peak of Inflated Expectations
The Hype Cycle: Trough of Disillusionment
The Hype Cycle: Slope of Enlightenment
The Hype Cycle: Plateau of Productivity
The 2008 Hype Cycle Conclusion
From the Paper "In 1999, in the midst of the e-business craze, Gartner analyst Alexander Drobik used the Hype Cycle to look at the Internet and the "new economy" from a different angle (Fenn & Raskino, 2008). He refused to believe that the rules that govern business in the brick-and-mortar world could be ignored in a world where "loss-making companies [could be] valued more than profitable companies" (Fenn & Raskino, 2008). Fenn and Raskino (2008) explain, "When he applied the hype cycle tool, he quickly convinced himself that the Internet and all things "e" weren't heading onward and upward forever; rather, the market was about to crash and crash spectacularly." Drobik released his report in November of 1999 with the following opening: "E-business is set to fall into a period of disillusionment by 2001, before successful organizations move through the 'hype cycle' and emerge fully transformed so that they can be referred to as just plain 'businesses' again" (Fenn & Raskino, 2008). "
Abstract This paper discusses the importance of an accounting cycle for an organization. The paper first goes through the basic steps of the accounting cycle and then looks at them in detail with respect to the selected organization, Canon Inc. It describes how Canon Inc., which is a large organization, makes use of computerized accounting methods.
Table of Contents:
The Accounting Cycle The Steps of the Accounting Cycle The Accounting Cycle at Canon Inc.
From the Paper "The basic purpose of an accounting department in an organization whether it is big (having an independent and separate department) or small (where accounting department is not even a possibility) is to keep a record of accounting data and then process this data into accounting/financial information by preparing financial statements. Keeping in view the basic accounting principles the financial statements should be prepared not only on a regular basis but also on a specific regular time interval (which remains on the discretion of the organization). To meet this objective a proper framework or a series of steps is required that regularizes the whole matter and this is exactly what the accounting cycle is; a series of steps beginning right from the recording of a simple transaction to the compilation of final statements and closing of the accounts."
Abstract This paper aims to provide an overview of software testing throughout the development and life-cycle of a software product. It focuses on the need for testing and how testing fits into the software development life-cycle. The paper presents a research component that analyzes how to formulate a software testing strategy prior to deploying and releasing a software product.
Table of Contents:
Definitions and Terms in the Research
Objective
Introduction
Software Testing Overview
Purpose of Software Testing Categories
Life-cycle Phase Testing Categories
Software Testing Tools
Test Automation Overview
Product Life Cycle Test Automation
Product Life Cycle Application Test Tools
Classic Testing Mistakes
Developing a Team of Testers is Key in Software Development and Testing
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper "The introduction of technology and features being developed in the rapid action which this occurs and to, at the same time, make improvement to the quality of the product and as well to respond to the issues of customers in product development is quite an initiative to undertake. Driving development and quality assurance of software are the technology market which is characterized by an extremely fast past and the revisions are released just as quickly. While quality is considered to be important in the high-tech marketplace new and robust features are considered even more important. (Ben-Yaacov and Gazlay, 2001) Four key measurements of the software product quality have been identified to be the technology, features, freedom from bugs and responsive support. (Ben-Yaacov and Gazlay, 2001)"
Abstract Examines the role of interest rates within business cycles. Centers on U.S. business environment. History of business cycles; lack of uniformity. Use of business cycles & practice of economic forecasting. Usefulnes of business cycles to companies. Analyzing economic measures & indicators. Fluctation of interest rates. Federal Funds Rate. 2 Charts.
From the Paper "Introduction
Business cycles have long been an area of interest because of the criticality of economic trends for the social and political welfare of the country. Numerous public and private organizations are devoted to the production of regular economic forecasts, and heavily funded research projects seek more accurate and reliable models on which to base these forecasts. While much attention is focused on the area of economic forecasting, and numerous computerized models have been developed to predict economic performance, there is also considerable interest in the role of interest rates within the business cycle. This research examines the business cycle and the role of interest rates within cycles.
Abstract The paper discusses the lack of uniformity in international business cycles. It also examines the way the use and prevalence of business cycles has given rise to the practice of short-term and long-term economic forecasting. The paper looks at whether the fluctuation of interest rates is a result of or one of the contributing factors to a business cycle.
From the Paper "Until the 1970s, it was widely accepted that the American economy passed through business cycles. Such cycles were characterized by expansion and contraction phases, and conventional wisdom held that such cycles differed in the length of the cycle, but not in the existence of the cycle overall. From 1854 to the mid-1960s, analysts generally considered that business cycles varied in length from between one and eight years, with the most common length being three years and the average length being four (Balasko & Ghiglino, 1995, p. 566)."
Abstract Business cycle theories have been the topic of discussion for many years. There are several business cycle theories that are reliable and trustworthy, while others are controversial and easily disproved. This paper distinguishes between the different theories of the business cycle. These theories include Keynesian aggregate demand theory, the Monetarist aggregate demand theory and the new classical and new Keynesian theories of the business cycle and the real business theory. In addition, the paper describes the origins of and the mechanisms at work during the expansion of the 1990s, the recession of 2001 and the Great Depression.
From the Paper "Aggregate demand simply describes the correlation between the amount of aggregate output and the price height when every other variable is held constant. According to an article entitled "Aggregate Demand and Supply Analysis" from the Keynesian point of view the aggregate demand is determined "in terms of its four components: consumer expenditures, investment (meaning investment in physical capital, not investment in assets) spending, government expenditures, and net exports." The equations that Keynesian use to express an aggregate demand curve is Y = C + I + G + Xn. "
Abstract In this paper, the writer relates that Ojibway's concept of the cycle of life is demonstrated throughout Ignatia Broker's narrative, "Night Flying Woman". The writer points out that Broker highlights three major steps in the Ojibway's cycle of life and that she effectively illustrates the Ojibway's respect for this cycle. The author concludes that the narrative, 'Night Flying Woman' provides something for everyone to learn from, no matter what step of the cycle you are in.
From the Paper "Birth and childhood of Ojibway children play an especially important role in the cycle of life for it is a time for the gaining of much knowledge, both for the present as well as the future. The birth of a child is imperative for the preservation of any group of people and is likely the reason Ojibway mothers usually have five children throughout their lives. Shortly after the birth of a child, the time for teaching of the tribe's ways can begin. Constant learning is encouraged at an early age when the children are made to watch the elders go about their lives, whether they be hard at work lacing strong birch-bark containers, winding string made from the bark of trees, or just talking amongst themselves and socializing with one another. This is made apparent when part of Oona's childhood is described early on in the narrative."
Tags: Ojibway, Indian, Culture, Tradition, Heritage, History
