Abstract
This paper reviews the http://www.cybercrime.gov/ website, which serves as a repository for information on cyber crime. The paper looks at the increased recognition of cyber crime as a serious threat as well as laws that have been passed to combat cyber crime. The paper also provides an overall evaluation of the website that is very favorable.

From the Paper
"Combatting the global cyber crime pandemic is becoming an increasingly urgent issue, as identity theft and spyware are occurring with alarming frequency. Early instances of cyber crime found individuals, corporations and law enforcement unprepared, uninformed and immobilized to address cyber crime responsively. This resulted in victims suffering long drawn-out battles to regain their identities. With no guidelines to assist them, many victims endured frustrating battles that yielded little benefit. Corporations likewise faced many obstacles in their uncharted course to recover from data theft and..."

Tags:cyber crime, hacking, computer crime

Abstract
The topic of cyber crimes encompasses many different crimes. This report defines cyber crime, and goes into depth regarding the specific crime of identity theft. It includes the definition of cyber crime, and specific techniques used to obtain an individual's personal information used to establish false identity, how to prevent the information from being compromised, as well as additional information should one become a victim of identity theft. This paper also includes real world examples stemming from personal experience.

Outline.
Abstract
What is Cyber Crime?
Identity Theft: what is it?
Types of identity theft
Keeping you safe from such crimes
What to do if you become a victim
Conclusion
References

From the Paper
"Browsing through the US Department of Justice's Website for the Computer Crime & Intellectual Property Section, cyber crime is a handful of crimes where the primary method of operation or M.O. involves the use of computers or attacks on secure electronic data. The scope of these crimes includes unauthorized access to networks, computers databases, fraudulent money transfers or electronic wire transfers, piracy, espionage and gambling. The invention of the internet creates a new place for people to conduct business, and a very discrete and anonymous place for criminals. Everyday more and more people engage in commerce online, accessing bank accounts and making purchases entirely online. The internet creates a larger arena for crime, and creates more instances of opportunity for crime that requires little technical knowledge and provides a tempting cloak for a person to commit crimes. There are more and more crimes that have moved from the streets to an online environment, taking everyday crime and turning it into a cyber crime. Anything that is illegal, and is committed using computer technology in this virtual environment is cyber crime."

Tags:internet, cyber crime, identity theft, computers phishing, credit card

Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses various recent cyber-security breaches in the USA. The paper discusses each event, the method used to breach the cyber-security and the response. The paper focuses primarily on the case of Moonlight Maze, one of the most infamous cyber-attacks which occurred in the late 1990s.

From the Paper
"The hackers were apparently working from a location in Russia, though this could not be definitively established due to the nature of the infiltration. All that is known for certain is that the hack into Department of Defense computers had been going on for more than a year and that it is entirely unclear how much information was made off with during that time. This is due in part to the fact that in addition to raiding information directly from the Pentagon, the hackers also used that point of entry to enter other sensitive systems throughout the US government. These included networks at nuclear research labs associated with the Energy Department, NASA, and numerous university research facilities (Drogin, 1999). Investigators reiterate that the attackers obtained no known classified information, but the general uncertainty surrounding Moonlight Maze makes this claim dubious at best."

Tags:infiltrations, sensitive, cyber-attack, computer, system, security, breach, hacker, russia

Abstract
The paper analyzes the nature of cyber crime and how the Nigerian government is taking steps to evaluate and enforce laws that will help government agencies work with law enforcement officials to detain and arrest hackers. The paper discusses how the obscure nature of hacker technology provides a new scope of international awareness of cyber crimes, which are to be analyzed through the government agencies specializing in these fields.

Tags:crime, internet, cyber

Abstract
The paper examines methodologies and technologies related to cyber crime and actions that can and should be taken to prevent cyber crime.

From the Paper
"Since the advent of the Internet, cyber crime has become an increasingly potent threat. A survey by Symantec, a software provider of security products, found that phishing attacks, when individuals try to fraudulently obtain passwords and sensitive personal information through official-looking e-mail messages, rose over ... in the second half of ... and virus and worm attacks against Windows-based computers jumped more than ... percent. (Cobb) The report indicated; "The number one target for these attacks is financial institutions." (Cobb) A second survey of mid-sized and..."

Tags:cyber crime, information systems, IS, IT, disaster recovery, hot site, prevention, data recovery, file recovery

Abstract
This paper provides a definition of cyber crime and explores different forms thereof. It asks questions such as - Who commits cyber crime and what is being done to prevent it. It examines the most common crimes committed via the Internet such as software piracy and credit card fraud but also analyzes the scarier crimes such as child pornography and security hacking.

From the Paper
"Cyber crime is probably the most talked about form of crime in North America. Parents worry about pedophiles using the Internet to access their children. Businesses spend enormous amounts of money to protect their computer systems from hacker attacks. Many individuals will not use the Internet to shop because they are worried about how secure their credit card information is on the Internet. Is all of this worry, sometimes verging on hysteria justified? Or is it simply a case of fear of a new technology."

Tags:internet, computer, cyber, crime, criminal, law, commit, victim, hacker, SPAM

Abstract
The paper considers the concerns of a small retail business with regard to cyber security.

From the Paper
"Before computers became commonplace in business, security issues for companies consisted largely of physical barriers such as locked filing cabinets and limited physical access to areas where potentially compromising items-such as blank checks-were kept. Today, computers have automated many business functions to the point that large quantities of data are maintained not in physical filing cabinets but in bits on a computer drive. Computers have also made it possible for companies to acquire and store much more information than..."

Tags:cyber security, data protection, information security

Abstract
In this article, the writer describes the causes and effects of cyber-terrorism. The writer identifies best practices for preventing or reducing effects of this costly crime, focusing both on public and private sector responses.

From the Paper
"Information security policies as defined by Scott Barman are high-level plans that describe the goals of the procedures. Policies are not guidelines or standards nor are they procedures. Policies describe security in general terms not specifics. However despite the fact that information security (IS) policies are defined in this rather vague and non-specific manner they are in no sense to be understood as sufficient without a high level of specificity and in the absence of a comprehensive attention to the ..."

Tags:cyber-terrorism, security, privacy, Internet

Abstract
This paper discusses the problems that federal, state and local authorities face when prosecuting cyber identity theft, noting that it is not a simple procedure. The paper explains that individuals that steal the identity of others online often use multiple servers and locations to make it almost impossible to trace the person who is responsible for the identity theft. The paper also explains that when identity theft occurs in a country where traditional Internet crime is not considered a prosecutable offense the country where the nation occurred has a difficult time in locating the criminal and extraditing the identity thief for the purposes of prosecution. Finally, the paper notes that many United States prosecutors are hesitant to prosecute these crimes because they generally involve low profile cases that take extensive amounts of time to investigate and prosecute.

Tags:cyber, theft, prosecution

Abstract
In this essay, the writer discusses that the differences between the U.S.A. and Germany, as it relates to the use of the Internet for political marketing means, are also rooted in the penetration of web access. The writer points out that the International Telecommunications Union has emphasized that in the U.S.A., Internet's home land, people are allowed a higher access to electronic resources than in Germany. So, in order to catch up with Americans in the e-political field, Germans should first extend online facilities among homes and businesses. The writer concludes that the gap existing between U.S.A and Germany derives from both mentality and logistic reasons. The writer suggests that Germans should take measures aimed at commuting the old perception of the Internet as a fragile environment to a newer one that emphasizes the circumstances of an increasing number of Internet users worldwide.

From the Paper
"A second issue which is not neglected especially by those parties having limited funds refers to the low costs that a web site's design implies. In order to mark their presence in the cyberspace, politicians resort to specialized companies which strive to create representative sites for their owners. Being given the sharp competition existing on this market as more and more valuable IT professionals emerge, the cost of such services is very low in comparison with that claimed for advertising in broadcast and print media. Moreover, the price is expected to decrease in the near future and therefore transform the cyberspace into the most dreaded rival of the traditional communication means."
"The third aspect which lobbies in favor of the Internet is its interactive potential, capable of building a strong relationship between the candidate and a voter seen as a distinct person and not as a part of a mob with uniform characteristics or attitudes that can be easily led towards a desired destination."

Tags:network, information, tool, cyber-campaigning