Abstract
This paper describes cardiovascular disease (CVD) and discusses how cases of CVD are usually attributed to obesity, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, too much smoking and alcohol use as well as low vegetable and fruit intake. In particular, it looks at the effect of various nutrients on CVD, as demonstrated by studies that were carried out to measure these effects. The paper concludes from the results of those studies that there is a connection between poor nutrition and the occurrence of CVD.

Outline:
Organic Pollutants Cause CVD
CVD-Depression Link
N-3 Fatty Acids and CVD
Garlic Does Not Lower Cholesterol Level
Poor-Quality Nutrition and CVD

From the Paper
"Studies showed that exposure to persistent organic pollutants or POPs can be another cause of CVD (Ha et al 2007). POPs are lipophilic stable chemicals, which can accumulate in adipose tissue. Eventually, they become a lasting toxic body burden. Findings of the studies revealed that exposure to these pollutants increases atherogenic serum lipid levels in both man and animal. They damage the endothelial cells through oxidative stress. The rise of serum lipid levels and the damage to endothelial cells combined to pose the risk of CVD. Another study conducted in other areas contaminated with POPs found that residents had a higher incidence of coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction. "

Tags:myocardial, infarction, garlic, cholesterol

Abstract
This paper explores the literature to determine CVD incidence among Latinos, its causes and its prevention. The paper finds that high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, smoking, diabetes, overweight or obesity, physical inactivity, socio-economic factors and poverty are the major factors to CVD and stroke, and they are all prevalent among the Latino community. The paper also notes that they suffer from a lack of health insurance, health literacy and a language barrier. The paper further finds that the community-based outreach program, "Health for Your Heart," offers an effective approach to reducing the incidence of CVD.

Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
Method
Findings and Conclusion

From the Paper
"Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the US and stroke is the third. Heart disease and stroke are the major causes of disability and account for increasing health costs in the US. More lives are lost to cardiovascular disease than all other leading causes combined. These other leading causes are cancer, unintentional injuries, pneumonia or influenza, diabetes, suicide, kidney disease, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. The major risk factors of CVD are hypertension, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, high alcohol consumption, and physical inactivity.
"Latinos observe certain traditional health beliefs and practices, which must be considered in combating an preventing CVD and promoting overall health. They involve the family in the care of a patient. However, a Latino family extends to or includes parents, siblings, grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, close friends and godparents of their children. Latinos also observe the tradition of respect, which dictates deferential behavior towards others as regards age, sex, social or economic status and authority. Respect is expected by older people from younger people, by men from women, adults from children, teachers from students, and employers from employees, for example. And they relish personal relationships. This explains why they rely on community-based organizations and clinics for primary health care needs. They prefer providers who are personal, warm and interested in their patients' personal lives. Trust is another traditional value among them. They cooperate with a provider with whom they establish a bond of trust. The provider may then also come to appreciate the Hispanic concept of health."

Tags:health, insurance, heart, disease, stroke

Abstract
The paper discusses the subject of heart disease in young adults, with information for young adults to assist them with their understanding of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The paper comments that many young adults consider heart disease as an old person's disease. The paper also notes that young adults may become more aware that individuals of all ages, even their age, can have CVD. The paper provides the strategies presented to combat heart disease. Charts, tables, and a flow chart are included with the paper.

Outline:
More than Knowing Something
Research Considerations
Current and Projected Concerns
Strategies to Address Concerns
The Causes and Cures Contributed to Heart Disease
Programs Can...
New Considerations
Coffee... Tea... Vitamin C Claims
Steps to Prevent and Reverse Heart Disease
Congenital and Chronic Disease Concerns
Hope for Children with Congenital Heart Disease
Most Likely - Yet Less Likely
Tomorrow's Time Bomb Question?
Can Heart Disease be Prevented?
Do The Right Thing
Unlearning Risk Factors

From the Paper
"What is currently known about heart disease, as the World Health Organization (WHO) reports, because young adults are "increasingly adopting unhealthy lifestyles," (Reinhardt), resulting increasing consequences of those lifestyle choices also increase. Currently, cardiovascular disease (CVD) ranks as the leading cause of death globally, reportedly contributing to one third of all deaths each year. "The Atlas of Heart Disease and Stroke, published by the World Health Organization (WHO) in conjunction with the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), was launched on 26 September 2004 to coincide with the fifth annual World Heart Day, a major driving force for encouraging heart disease and stroke prevention worldwide."

Tags:obesity, factors, healthy, preventative, cardiology, weight, reduced, physical, activity

Abstract
This paper examines the race-associated differences in health outcomes among African-American women with CVD (Cardiovascular Disease). The paper explains that African Americans suffer greater incidence of cardiovascular disease, and women women suffer cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disease in greater numbers than men. The combination of the two: African-American women, suffer greater cardiovascular disease than the general population in the United States. The paper demonstrates that the above statements are true, and analyzes the causes for this discrepancy in cardiovascular diagnosis and care. The paper then looks at both the demographic as well as the socioeconomic and ethnological reasons for the difference in cardiovascular care. The paper also points out that women experience a greater amount of heart disease, and a lower level of treatment than men. This paper examines the reasons for that discrepancy as well.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Underlying Causes of Heart Disease
African-American Women and Heart Disease
Lifestyle, Heredity and Demographics
Differences in Medical Care
Differences in Demographics
Women's Lower Rate of CHD Treatment
African American Distrust of Physicians and the Medical System
Conclusion
Bibliography

From the Paper
"Although death from coronary heart disease (CHD) is declining for both African Americans and white Americans, the rates are declining faster for white Americans than their Black counterparts. According to the AHA, the incidence of deaths by whites from CHD has declined 46% and 40% for white men and women, respectively, while it has declined 33% and 27% for African American men and women respectively from 1979 to 2002 (AORN, 2002). The AHA posited that the lower decline in the death rate from CHD for African Americans was due primarily to heredity and life style habits."

Tags:coronary, artery, risk, health

Abstract
This paper examines the development of the use of synthetic diamonds as gemstones, rather than primarily for industrial purposes. The paper approaches this issue from several angles. These include the current nature of the market and the demand for synthetics, the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) manufacturing process and the differences between these and natural diamonds.

From the Paper
"Synthetic diamonds, according to some, represent the future of the diamond industry, if not in whole then at least in part. The demand for diamonds combined with rising costs has caused manufacturers and consumers to look for other options to meet their fine gemstone needs. Simply put, there are only so many natural diamonds to go around. As a material, diamonds take an exceedingly long time for nature's pressures to create. Synthetic diamonds offer the possibility of diamond production on demand, rather than an industry that is subject entirely to the whims of mining and the possibility of unearthing new stores of this finite limited resource. Demand for diamonds in general is up, even though supplies of the gem have dropped significantly. The result is excellent market conditions for the viable emergence of a synthetic diamond industry."

Tags:synthetic, diamonds, production

Abstract
This paper discusses and reviews the article, "Prevalence and Cardiovascular Disease Correlates of Low Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Adolescents and Adults," written by Mercedes R. Carnethon, Martha Gulati and Philip Greenland. It discusses the purpose of the study, the results and conclusions and the limitations of the study's methods.

From the Paper
"The age selection was quite broad, so the study could control for other fitness factors relating to age impinging upon the results. But there is an obvious weakness in using such a large sampling. The population size is so diluted and generalized in its composition that the conclusions drawn from the study may be too vague to be of prescriptive use. To conduct the study, the authors submitted the test subjects to submaximal treadmill testing so they reached at least 75% to 90% of their age-predicted maximum heart rate. Maximal oxygen consumption, or VO2 max, was estimated by measuring their heart rate response to their effort. Low levels of fitness were defined by using percentile cut-off points of estimated VO2 max from existing external referent populations. In other words, the VO2 max definitions of fitness were derived purely from preexisting literature and studies. Similarly, the other physical and laboratory CVD risk factors measured according to standard methods were derived from preexisting literature."

Tags:treadmill, CVD, risk, obesity

Abstract
Detailed description of the effect of stress, substance abuse, diet and exercise on cardiovascular health. It is written in simple phrasing and medical terms are explained.

From the Paper
"Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) result in 1/3 of global death in 1999. According to a World Health Organization report, CVD will become the leading cause of death in developed countries by 2010. Although genetic influence could trigger off underlying cause, most experts recognize that lifestyle influence still remain the most important factor for CVD through suppression of the disease. Lifestyle factors refer to options made on a daily basis with alternatives provided. A combination of unhealthy diet, sedentary lifestyle, high level of stress and drugs can prove detrimental to the cardiovascular system."

Tags:cvd, diet, exercise, smoking, stress

Abstract
This paper explains that synthetic diamonds have the same unique qualities as natural diamonds, hardness, density, superlative strength, and thermal conductivity. The author points out that synthetic diamonds are created in a laboratory, avoiding the high costs of mining, transportation, foreign taxes, and tariff issues. The paper relates that the future of synthetic diamonds is limitless, especially their use as radiation sensors, light emitters, and unwettable coatings.

From the Paper
"In addition to the time saved, there is also a cost issue. Natural diamonds are produced in a limited number of countries, including Australia, Botswana, Russia, and Congo Republic. There is only one mine found in the United States. Since Americans are the consumers of over 50 percent of the world's diamonds, this produces a costly problem. The costs of mining in foreign countries are high. According to De Beers mine, a leading producer of natural diamonds in South America, 250 tons of ore would need to be excavated to find one stone that would be large enough to equal a one-carat diamond."

Tags:cvd, time, cost, hardness, conductivity