Abstract
This paper explains that cartoons in Trey Parker and Matt Stone's original episode of "South Park" were created by using construction paper cutouts; however, after the series was picked up by Comedy Central and became a computer-animated empire, the creators continued to reproduce this archaic style, which helped popularize "South Park" on the internet before it was marketed as a series. The author points out that, although the primary audience is actually adults, the primary characters on the show are children and the seemingly primitive animation seems to suggest that the show is aimed towards children. The paper questions if it is acceptable for viewers of "South Park", especially children, to accept concrete moral instruction from artistically innocent-looking children characters whose moral prescriptions are often arrived at through offensive means.

From the Paper
"To appreciate the moral implications of the film, it is important to examine the tacit meanings behind some of the fundamentals. The self-referential nature of the movie seems rather obvious considering that the boys sneaking into an R-rated cartoon parallels the fact that many underage "South Park" fans almost certainly did the same thing to see "Bigger, Longer & Uncut". However, this type of self-reference goes much deeper and is important to understanding the ethical elements of the film. It is plausible that the characters of Terrance and Phillip symbolize the creators (Parker and Stone) and the film as a reaction against negative criticism about "South Park". People criticized the simple animation and "fart jokes" of "South Park", and Terrance and Phillip were created as a reactionary show-within-a-show in which the characters do nothing but "fart" on one another and the animation is significantly worse than South Park's."

Tags:self-referential, simple, cartoons, cutouts, children

Abstract
This research takes a look at the distressing effects homelessness has on children and youths in America. The author provides statistics of homeless people in the United States. Stressing that homeless people are not socially inadequate, the paper analyzes how child development is affected when a child is homeless. Considerations such as isolation of the family, shelter crowding and disruptions to schooling are discussed. The author also discusses causes which might lead to homelessness and these include sexual abuse, physical disabilities and natural disasters such as Hurricane Katrina. This paper includes pictures, graphs and tables.

Outline:
Introduction
People Without Homes
Purpose of this Study
Points to Ponder
Contributing Considerations
Snapshots of Homelessness
The Number of Homeless
Facts about Homelessness in the United States
Homelessness Portrayed
Cutout Children
National Law Centeron Homelessness and Poverty
Sexual Abuse
Rural Homelessness
Homeless Children with Disabilities
In Their Own Words
Erik Erikson's Theory
Carol Gilligan
Grounded In Listening
More Factors Associated with Homelessness
Homelessness Devastating Impact
Conclusion
Recognizing Needs
Countering Causes
Do Something

From the Paper
"Each time a child changes schools, his/her education becomes disrupted, one impact of homelessness. Along with enrollment problems, mobility associated with homelessness triggers severe educational consequences, such as disruptions due to having to change schools. Due to limits on length of shelter stays, homeless families may move frequently as they search for safe and affordable housing or employment. Some are homeless as they try to escape abusive partners. Too often, however, homeless children change schools because shelters or other temporary accommodations are located outside their school district."

Tags:social development, disabilities abuse disasters education poverty

Abstract
The paper discusses the first feature-length cartoon film "The Adventures of Prince Achmed" that was made by the animator Lotte Reiniger, using cutout silhouette figures and a technique called stop-motion animation. The paper describes the film's creation, destruction in the war and subsequent restoration. The paper maintains that contemporary animators somehow fail to reproduce the same captivating magic that Reiniger achieved in this film.

From the Paper
"Animation is an art with a rich history of artists whose patience and attention to detail in their work has led to many timeless treasures of film for adults and children alike. These works have lasted through time from the 1930's to today, and are still enjoyed as if they were brand new. It is widely known that the first feature-length animated film was Walt Disney's 1937 film Snow White. It was the first commercially successful full-length animated film and the earliest that still exists entirely in its original form. However, a feature that pre-dates Snow White was made by an animator named Lotte Reiniger using cutout silhouette figures and a technique called stop-motion animation. This film was made in 1926 and is called The Adventures of Prince Achmed."

Tags:stop-motion, animation, silhouette, figures, musical, score, puppets