Abstract
The paper shows how the duration of imports and the overall current account deficit in the United States (US) affect the US economy in many ways relative to the current account deficit and the terms of trade that support the deficit. The paper discusses how some of these effects on the US economy are readily apparent such as dramatically lower prices on many consumer product goods (CPGs), while other effects are not so apparent.

From the Paper
"The duration of imports and the overall current account deficit in the United States (US) affect the US economy in many ways relative to the current account deficit and the terms of trade that support the deficit. Some of these effects on the US economy are readily apparent such as dramatically lower prices on many consumer product goods (CPGs) while other effects are not so apparent. This research examines several key aspects in which imports affect the US economy in not so apparent ways but influential nonetheless. The first aspect is related to trade theory and..."

Tags:current, account, deficits

Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the problem and causes of the U.S. current accounts deficit. According to the paper, the U.S. current account tracks the trade balance, income payments and unilateral transfers. The paper reports that the current account deficit now accounts for about seven percent of the GDP. The paper concludes with possible solutions to the problem.

Outline:
Background
The Causes of the U.S. Current Account Deficit
Risks of the U.S. Current Account Deficit
Possible Solutions for the U.S. Current Account Deficit

From the Paper
"Since 2000, however, the increase in the current account deficit has reflected mostly a decline in public sector saving because of the growing fiscal deficit and even more decline in an already low household savings rate (Rajan, 2005). Beginning in 2001, there has been larger public dis-savings in the U.S. with growing fiscal deficits caused by a weak economy, lower taxes and increased government spending, especially on the Iraq war (The United States current account deficit and world markets). And, personal savings rates in the U.S. have trended down strongly since 1991 and reached an average of only one percent in 2000 (The United States current account deficit and world markets). Personal saving rate in the U.S. are now substantially lower than the rest of the world. For example, they are 13 percent in Japan, 12 percent in Germany, and 15 percent in France. "

Tags:overall, growth, global, economy, investment, slump, financial, crisis

Abstract
This paper analyzes Australia's persistent current account deficit that it has had since the 1950s. It questions why this deficit persists and how the current account deficit impacts on Australian foreign debt. The paper then discusses what measures have been undertaken by Australian governments in the past to reduce the current account deficit.

From the Paper
"As Australia embraces a globalised world, funds flow across our border, often as payment for goods and services traded. Other movements of capital occur when Australia lends money abroad, or is forced to service its debts. These transactions, from the public and private sectors, are collected and recorded in a register known as the current account. For the past 50 years Australia has experienced a persistent current account deficit, resulting from Australia being a net importer, and because of interest payments on foreign loans/ investment. Therefore, the current account has been of major concern for successive Australian Governments, who have attempted to adjust the balance, with little success in the long run. However, while burdened by large foreign debt, the Australian economy has proved resilient, recording some of the strongest growth for OECD nations in the past 30 years, and has avoided the woes of its major trading partners, such as the Asian financial crisis, Japanese stagnation and the technology share crash in the USA. This has led to the significance of the current account deficit being questioned, because it is apparent that an economy, such as Australia, can perform so well, while experiencing the third highest deficit in the world."

Tags:foreign, globalisation, commodity, services, employment

Abstract
This paper discusses the current nursing shortage in Canada. It looks at the issues that contribute to the nursing shortage, such as low pay, poor working conditions and a serious lack of resources. The paper focuses on the issues of recruitment and retention and why these have become problems for the nursing profession. Lastly, it suggests some solutions to improve the current crisis.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Issue
Historical Perspective
Current Status
Solutions
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The prognosis for the nursing shortage is that it will become much worse while Canada's population is beginning to age. The two issues that need to be addressed are retention and recruitment through multiple changes. Meanwhile, there are positive developments such as the RNAO initiative which will ensure work for every current nursing graduate because of $89 million in funding for 4,000 graduates and similar funding in future years (RNAO, 2007). Such changes indicate that nurses can effectively address the nursing shortage by being assertive and advocating for their profession."

Tags:retention, recruitment, health

Abstract
The paper states that at the core of economics is the study of human behavior in producing, distributing and consuming material goods and services in a world of scarce resources. The author feels that the United States must face the current economic situation with an eye to the scarcity of resources it possesses and the fact that no decision occurs without a component cost. The author underscores the fact that current common economic indicators, which do not perfectly obey the textbook definition of stasis, boom or recession, only exacerbates the sense of indecision around how to manage this current situation.

From the Paper
"The United States is currently in the grips of an economic situation that defies customary, conventional suppositions of recession and boom. The stock market is on shaky ground, having weathered one of the most crushing crashes over the past two years in recent memory, as well as a constant state of economic uncertainty in its technological sector. The market swings up for several weeks then back down again. Consumer confidence is down, even though the unemployment rate is above recession levels. Retirement funds are in jeopardy, yet the economy itself does not seem to be contracting. The United States government is facing a budgetary crisis, yet it also must budget for war. It wishes to lower income taxes to stimulate the economy, yet not face an overwhelming deficit."

Tags:indicators, deficit, unemployment

Abstract
The paper discusses how the housing credit market that offered sub-prime mortgages was a major factor in the economic downturn, while the American government is also to blame for encouraging financial institutions to accept risky loans. The paper then looks at the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) initiative, the American government's stimulus packages and the stimulus packages in countries around the globe, specifically, the European Union, China, India and Japan.

Outline:
Introduction
The Causes of the Current Economic Downturn
The Outcomes of the Current Economic Downturn
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The specific causes of the current economic downturn being experienced in America and rippling outward around the globe may be in debate. However, as Schramm and Litan noted, the housing credit markets certainly are at the root of the problems being faced today. Specifically, securities backed by sub-prime mortgages were certainly a major factor in the downturn. As these markets crumbled due to poorly managed risk, financial institutions that had previously been built upon trust, vanished forever. For this reason, Schramm and Litan surmise that the blame for the challenges being faced in today's economy lie in the hands of the parties who created these instruments, as well as those who misjudged them and thought they were an acceptable risk. However, some of the cause of today's problems also are the result of an overzealous government."

Tags:housing, credit, subprime, mortgages, TARP, stimulus, packages, bailout

Abstract
The paper discusses current research on the variety, types and functions of communication between nursing staff, patients and other health care professionals. It evaluates the current research and argues that the field of nursing needs proper communication practices more than ever, despite technological gains that would seem to make such communication easier than ever. Additionally, the paper raises the question as to whether this breakdown in communication arises from the practices themselves or, from the health-care environment and context.

From the Paper
"How organizational knowledge is shared is a problem for every organization. However, in nursing it has a different kind of complexity that involves not only the sharing of information among social groups of colleagues and supervisors, but also among nurses and their physicians, patients, family members, and other hospital and healthcare professional staff. One of the places where all of these groups are implicated is in the change-of-shift report, the goal of which is to make available the most relevant information about the patients for the purposes of immediate care and, in addition, to serve the important function of measuring a patient's progress over time. When there is any breakdown in this process patient care is compromised."

Tags:groups, staff, shift, goal, patients

Abstract
This paper discusses financing within a firm or organization and the importance of its processes within the overall strategic development of financial management. The paper specifically discusses Toyota's current recall decision and analyzes a variety of options that are available to the company given its current need pertaining to a recall.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Financing Options
The Effectiveness of the Options Chosen: Financial Outlook
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Financing is essentially to helping a company's strategic development and growth, as is clearly shown by Toyota. However, with projects or changes in strategic goals that require financial obligations from a corporation, then many options that fit the general financial position of the firm has to be examined. Options available are endless, however Toyota has to use the right combination to gain the needed capital while simultaneously dealing with the debt/equity balancing. Similarly, the financing techniques above are also chosen to ensure the optimal cash flow balance; which is enough to help with the daily cash flow needs, while not being excessive that results in a loss of opportunity interest. The overall composition of the paper was to clearly outline the options available to Toyota as they seek funding for the full cost of the recall at $925 million. The structure and method of each type is significantly different, but can be advantageous to Toyota as they seek funding."

Tags:strategy, motor, debt, equity

Abstract
This paper looks at the debate swirling around whether or not the Canadian Senate should be reformed. In particular, the paper notes how the current arrangement appears to exacerbate regional tensions while simultaneously undermining the legitimacy of the democratic, representative process. After discussing the arguments opposing some kinds of Senate reform, the paper discusses the Harper government's proposals and their relative strengths and weaknesses. In the end, the paper argues that the current ideas for changing the Senate have some merits, but they are compromised by the fact that proposed elections to the Senate are non-binding upon the government - and by the fact that a reluctance to "go to the people" might be seen as arrogant and elitist.

From the Paper
"The denunciations of the Canadian Senate do not end with the criticisms cited above. Particularly, opponents of the unelected Upper Chamber argue that the Senate really exacerbates the cleavages already tearing at the fabric of the Canadian union. For these scholars, western frustration and alienation is chiefly brought about by the collective sense that the territories west of Manitoba lack adequate representation in the decision-making processes of government (Lawson, 131). Without question, if the anger and frustration of the west continues to fester, there is the distinct possibility that western separatist movements and other difficulties could arise. As one final point, it surely cannot be overlooked that the Senate's unelected nature cuts deeply into any claims to legitimacy it may assert (Geddes, "All or Nothing," 32-33) and this too is undoubtedly another reason why western critics of the Senate find it so objectionable on those relatively rare occasions when it does do something substantive."

Tags:Canada, government, policy, democracy, representative, process, election

Abstract
This paper presents a research proposal to investigate how the current US recession will effect the global economy. The paper relates that the research will include a review of literature focusing on expert financial forecasting in the wake of the current market, as it is reflected by historical recession events in the US. The paper also describes the importance of the study and the methodology.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Statement of Problem
Purpose of the Study
Importance of the Study
Methodology

From the Paper
"Summers and others then contend that a severe reduction in government spending is called for to reverse the effects of an extreme situation. Yet, this answer does not necessarily resolve the reduced consumer confidence or the level of unemployment that has again grown, as is expected in recession years. It is therefore essential that an understanding of potential global reverberations be gained by current and demonstrative research and literary support by experts in economic forecasting The problem of this research is the essential lack of understanding of the global impact of the current US recession."

Tags:consumer, forecasting, depression