Abstract This essay is an exploration of the role that sexuality plays in Michael Cunningham's contemporary novel, "The Hours". The author examines the modern-day remake of a Virginia Woolf's classic, "The Hours" and its theme of sexuality and how sexuality is expressed in today's society.
From the Paper "Air pollution is any visible or invisible substance found in the air that is not part of the normal composition of air. Some air pollution is natural and has always been a part of the earth's history. However, over the past one hundred years or so, pollution created by humans has become a major environmental problem. Natural air pollution has been around for millions of year. Dust and a variety of gases from forest fires, volcanoes, and decaying material in rivers, oceans, and other bodies of water continually enter the atmosphere. Sometimes this natural pollution can have dramatic effects. Air pollution is a major factor in causing humans to get ill. Tuberculosis, bronchitis, heart and chest diseases, stomach disorders, asthma and cancers can all be traced to chemicals in the air. Pesticides and fertilizers release gases and particles into the air which poison people and kill animals."
Abstract This paper discusses the lives of two female photographers, Annie Leibovitz and Imogeni Cunningham. The paper includes their history, influences, similarities and differences. The paper also analyzes how these two influenced photography itself.
Abstract This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes Michael Cunningham's book "The Hours". It explains that the book is about the nature of mortality, literature, Virginia Woolf's life, and the connections between life and one of Virginia Woolf's greatest works, "Mrs. Dalloway".
From the Paper "In The Hours, housewife Laura Brown simply and ineffectually bakes a cake. Clarissa Vaughan buys flowers. But these events are imbued with transcendence significance, simply by showing how these characters are interconnected across the ages-even across the bounds of the fiction/nonfiction divide of literature. When things are connected, everything becomes significant. By highlighting simple events, like buying objects for a party, such events become sympathetic and significant to an apparently disconnected viewer or reader."
Abstract This paper reviews the books "The Hours" by Michael Cunningham and the novel "Mrs Dalloway" by Virginia Woolf, drawing attention to the parallels, connections, similarities and themes that exist between the two literary works. This paper also discusses the intention of Michael Cunningham to pay tribute to Virginia Woolf.
Contents:
"Mrs. Dalloway" by Virginia Woolf
Friendship and Suffering
Clarissa's Repression
"The Hours" by Michael Cunningham
From the Paper "The setting in Woolf's novel is London during the 1920's. Clarissa Dalloway, the main character, is depicted through a single important day in her life: she is preparing a party for the social elite of the city. The party, at the beginning a symbol of superficiality, later takes on a deeper meaning as the reader is led to a deeper understanding of Clarissa's character. Clarissa polarity lies in both her shallowness and her depth. In her shallowness, she depicts the upper-class society of London during the time. Her depth on the other hand forms a polarity that is evident throughout the novel. Superficiality in the end exists only to hide the deeper problems that society as a whole and the characters individually are unable to face. In this capacity, Clarissa is characterized through her connections with society in general and the other characters individually."
Abstract This paper presents a case study about chairman William Agee and the Bendix Corporation, which is complicated by the scandal involving 29 year-old executive vice-president Mary Cunningham, a bright new graduate of the Harvard Business School. The paper states that the case study represents a breakdown in the traditional managerial structure because employees clearly did not recognize Cunningham's right to perform evaluations, even though this is a legitimate right of a vice president. The paper concludes that the Bendix case study represents a failure in managerial intuition and planning in that Agee should have been able to anticipate the fallout from his structural changes so that Cunningham could have been retained.
From the Paper "While it is not clear exactly how much communication Agee had with the rest of the board about the 'female issue', it does not seem that he discussed it with members prior to the big employee meeting. This would have been Agee's best strategy for staving off criticisms. The board meeting that took place after the big employee meeting showed that those who knew Agee and Cunningham best had confidence in her and Agee's decision to hire her."
Abstract This paper briefly looks at how Michael Cunningham, in a tribute to Woolf, took her story and modified her modern style with his own unique writing in ?The Hours.? It outlines the similarities between the two novels and looks at the modernizations and changes made by Cunningham.
From the Paper "Cunningham played with Woolf's writing styles in his novel, intensifying her clever style. For example, Woolf had an unusual method of making her characters experience backward launches of memories, which were usually sparked by some type of image. In addition, she would jumble time and place to show her readers the reality of human consciousness and experience. Cunningham mimicked her style in "The Hours" yet added to the excitement with his postmodern styles. Therefore, while Woolf's plot was simple, Cunningham's was decidedly complex."
Abstract This paper discusses Michael Cunningham's work "Specimen Days." It specifically discusses the three genres associated with this work - the ghost story, the thriller and science fiction. It shows how Cunningham's work is named for a collection of Walt Whitman's works by the same name. It then describes how, in the three varied narratives, "In The Machine" (ghost story), "The Children's Crusade" (thriller) and "Like Beauty" (Science fiction), the three differing times in New York City are explored through the lives and interactions of the characters.
From the Paper "This idea of Whitman in the first novella as a man to be followed as a replacement for education is essential to the understanding of the character, Lucas who is seeking to find his way into a world that will swallow him, the machine of progress. (Cunningham 4) It would seem a juxtaposition that emulating a critic of progress would be the answer of a young man given the job of a man who had been killed by the machine, but it demonstrates the validity of Lucas' desire to "stop striding altogether." (5) Lucas availed to recite Walt's unfinished work, "Lucas and Catherine would go into the book, for the book was never finished. Lucas would recite it to Walt and to everyone. He would recite what Walt had not yet written, for his life and the book were one thing, and everything he did or said was part of the book." (91)"
Abstract The paper examines the work "How to Think Like Benjamin Graham and Invest Like Warren Buffet" and explains Cunningham's arguments and positions. The paper notes some shortcomings in this book, but is of the opinion that this book is an excellent introduction to the investment theories that defined the careers of Warren Buffett and Benjamin Graham. The paper adds that academic or more knowledgeable readers may find Cunningham's support for his arguments a bit wanting.
From the Paper "Lawrence's Cunningham's treatise on investing was, to be frank, a bit unexpected. How to Think Like Benjamin Graham and Invest Like Warren Buffett is an extension of the theoretical (and practical) work on investing and economics that both Benjamin Graham and Warren Buffett engaged in. Cunningham, quite correctly, considers himself a student of these two men and works in this book to extend their theories and positions on market economies and investing to the modern investor."
Abstract This paper examines the life of youth in America in the late 1960's through Cunningham's novel. It explains the carefree and innocent hope that characterized the youth generation of the 1960's. It tells the story of two brothers who participated in the Woodstock music festival and how they were representative of the typical youth of the time period.
From the Paper "The late 1960's in America, often described as the Summer of Love, or as in Michael Cunningham's short story, "White Angel", the time of ?Woodstock Nation,? was characterized most of all by a renewed hope among the youth of America for the triumph of peace and love. The youth movement that began for most in the hilly streets of San Francisco, and the campus of UC Berkeley, spread fast across the nation, culminated in a three-day festival of music and love in the farmlands of Upstate New York, known as Woodstock. There was a sense of innocence about that time in the history of America's youths, an innocence that would be quickly shattered by renewed violence in Southeast Asia. Through the story of two brothers, Michael Cunningham allegorically chronicles the loss of innocence experienced by a generation hopeful for peace yet mired in the violence of war. "
Abstract This paper compares and contrasts the character of Clarissa in Virginia Woolf's novel "Mrs Dalloway" to that of Clarissa in Michael Cunningham's novel "The Hours". It will point out the similarities and differences between the two characters and explain whether the two characters are continuous or not.
Abstract This paper shall compare and contrast the use of imagery that conveys sexual connotations in the works "Mrs. Dalloway" by Virginia Woolf and "The Hours" by Michael Cunningham.
This paper discusses "The Hours" by Michael Cunningham and "Mrs. Dalloway" by Virginia Woolf, specifically, the characters of Clarissa Dalloway and Clarissa Vaughn.
Abstract This paper explains that in "The Hours", Michael Cunningham freely admits that he drew deeply on Virginia Woolf's "Mrs. Dalloway". The author relates that both Clarissas led fulfilling lives, but they are looking back at pivotal times in their lives when decisions may have cost them happiness and inner peace. The paper points out that, in both novels, the authors use flashbacks to structure their presentation of the lives of these characters
From the Paper ""The Hours" opens with writer Virginia Woolf's suicide, where she contemplates before she drowns herself, "She herself has failed. She is not a writer at all, really; she is merely a gifted eccentric" (Cunningham 4). Woolf did indeed commit suicide, and the book, opening as it does, immediately lets the reader know this book was written in homage to Woolf, as well as the characters are all based on Woolf's own characters in "Mrs. Dalloway." Clarissa Vaughn and Clarissa Dalloway are both planning a party as they begin their stories. Clarissa Vaughn is a successful book editor in New York who has a happy lesbian relationship with her lover, Sally."
Abstract This paper examines how Patricia Marr Cunningham and Richard L. Allington's 1998 book, "Classrooms That Work: They Can All Read and Write", has significantly altered the author's opinion of what is involved in literacy instruction. It looks at how, in the book, the authors describe several reading approaches, including phonics and literature-based process writing, The Four Blocks, cross-checking, Guided Reading, Basal Reading, and Individualized Reading.
From the Paper "Cunningham and Allington's Four Blocks Literacy Model, has been a crucial help in my classroom experience, and has helped me to finely focus my teaching approach, and has broadened my understanding of literacy. The Four Blocks Literacy Model is described in their book and further outlined in their website at www.wfu.edu/~cunningh/fourblocks. At their website, Cunningham and Hall note six critical understandings that are the "building blocks" of successful reading and writing among children. These building blocks include developing a desire to learn to read and write, learning new concepts and adding words and meanings, learning to print concepts like reading from left to write, developing phonemic awareness, learning to read and write words that they find interesting, and learning letters and sounds that are connected to interesting words they have learned previously."
Tags: phonics, literacy, four, blocks, literacy, model
Abstract This paper examines how, through the novel "Mrs Dalloway", Virginia Woolf captures the character of a whole society. In comparison, it looks at how, through Clarissa Vaughan in "The Hours", Michael Cunningham takes the reader through a literary time-travel and a coming to terms with change, ageing and societal restrictions.
From the Paper "After having alienated herself, Clarissa returns to the party, and having conquered a feeling of loneliness, she is now filled with a sense of life. She needs to be with the people who have been important to her: Peter and Sally. And the reader, just like Peter, becomes filled with 'extraordinary excitement' because Clarissa is there. It is not so much what Clarissa does that makes her important enough to carry the title of the novel. In fact her actions and the sequence of her day are rather superficial: she buys flowers, prepares for a party and hosts that party perfectly well. She represents a shallow upper-class woman with a very singular outlook on life. However, it is her omnipresence that is of considerable significance."
Abstract This paper sets out to analyse two sets of exercises in teaching various aspects of English language, from grammar, to vocabulary, to communication. The two texts are "Studying Strategies Students' Book" by B Abbs and I Freebairn and "Cutting Edge Pre-Intermediate" by S Cunningham and P Moor. It looks at how each book approaches the teaching of these areas in different manners, one following a more audio-lingual based method of teaching, and the other focusing more on tasks and communication.
From the Paper "Looking first at the extract from Studying Strategies, which includes such Audio-linguist teaching tools as drills role-plays, it is apparent that this is a method in which Kuwaiti students would feel comfortable as a result of the entirety of their education being based on rote learning. They would feel comfortable with the tight structure and teacher-led instruction that extract A offers, as the only demands made of them would be to learn and repeat. In general, Kuwaitis are excellent at mimicking languages, thus making them quite proficient in oral work, the area of language learning that they feel most comfortable. In fact, the majority of Kuwaiti students are able to hold a conversation in English quite easily, and yet their accuracy levels fall below par in comparison."
