Abstract The decade of the 1920s was marked by intensely emotional clashes over social and cultural values because of divisive issues such as religion, immigration, prohibition, and government corruption. Millions of conservative Americans were anti-Catholic, wanted to restrict immigration from Asia and Eastern Europe, and supported the prohibition of alcohol; while millions of progressive Americans supported religious tolerance, considered immigration restrictions racist, and were against the prohibition of alcohol. This paper examines the cultural and social clashes that existed over these issues and how they reflected the disparity between conservative and progressive visions of what American society should be.
Abstract The following is a research paper comparing the cultureclashes between the play, "Death of a King's Horseman" with the novel "Invisible Life". Criticisms from other scholars are used.
Abstract This paper discusses Bharati Mukiherjee's story, "The Father" and how it portrays a cultureclash between two related Indians, a father and daughter. The paper relates that both characters in the story have two very different ethical standards about procreation and the meaning of fatherhood and that the culturalclash between the father and daughter exists on several levels - generational, gender-based, ethical, and personal.
From the Paper "Babli's father comes from a culture that is a patriarchal culture in terms of its explicitly stated values, for, as Mr. Bhowmick sees it, male authority and wisdom should rule the household. Now the father's daughter will raise her child in a household with no male presence. Of course, this sense of patriarchal dominance is fictional to some degree. Mr. Bhowmick came to the U.S. from Ranchi because his wife, a professional in her own right insisted upon this move. But he still believes the pretence of male dominance should be protected in principle. In fact, because he feels forced to stay in the U.S. due to his wife, seeing his daughter flagrantly deny her need for a man even to father a child, makes him feel more powerless in the face of women in America. According to anthropologist Lalervo Oberg, culture shock arises when suddenly one's sense of certainty is destroyed when one enters a foreign environment. A person undergoing culture shock experiences it as a series of "upsets--breaks in reality because people behave differently" in a new culture and because the shocked individual finds him or herself in unfamiliar circumstances."
Abstract This paper explores the underlying motives for "Operation Iraqi Freedom" and questions whether it is about the liberation of people from the whims of a madman or simply a clash of civilizations. It examines the underlying premise behind the current (2003) war and analyzes Saddam Hussein as a rising global threat and his contribution to terrorism. The paper also explores the the culturalclashes between Western and Arabic civilization and the role that oil plays in the current dispute. Finally, the paper uses research based on Samuel P. Huntington's article "The Clash of Civilizations", (1993).
From the Paper "The current war is by no means new. It has simply extended west. Iraq geographically encompasses where civilizations first began. It is in this area that ruthless tribes struggle for power against nature, power against death, and power against man. It is in this area that man birthed religion, who begat politics. As history created itself, man forged tribes creating distinct lines. These lines Huntington term the fault lines. They can be drawn back to the Hapsburg and Ottoman empires. Historically the nations to the north and west have always been more prosperous. They together they share feudalism to the reformation to the industrial revolution. The people of the south and east experienced history differently. They were less better off economically and politically. They shared ruthless barbarians, constant warfare and genocide. (Huntington 1993)"
Abstract Many have argued that the War on Terror as well as terrorism are understandable as effects or symptoms of a clash of civilizations between the West and Islam. Moreover, some have explained that terrorism is an Islamic response to the rise of the West to global preeminence. This paper suggests that these arguments and explanations have merit because Western culture and Islamic culture are incompatible in many ways. Furthermore, the paper suggests, that the result of the cultureclash has been that political and religious extremists on both sides have been increasingly advocating violent confrontation, which has taken the form of Islamic fundamentalist terrorism and Western military operations in Afghanistan and Iraq.
Abstract This paper discusses how in "The Clash of Civilizations and the Making of the World Order", Harvard political scientist Samuel Huntington argues that the modern world should be viewed not as bipolar, or as a collection of nation-states, but as a set of seven or eight cultural civilizations. The paper further discusses how, according to Huntington, these cultural entities are distinct and large enough to be called civilizations, and are fated to interact in terms of their respective civilizational identities, which may lead to a clash of civilizations.
Abstract This paper reviews and discusses the book "Clash of Civilizations" by Samuel Huntington. The paper reports that Huntington's work analyzes the differences between different cultures and civilizations of the world. The paper goes on to say that Huntington's piece is a historical overview of major conflicts between different civilizations and not an explanatory, research-based theory.
From the Paper "Another debatable distinction is made between Russia and the West, which in the view of Jeane Kirkpatrick is an unnecessary and wrong division. The distinction made between Slavic-Orthodox countries on the one hand, and Western countries, including European countries, on the other, is no longer available after the end of the Cold War and the fall of the Berlin Wall and of the Soviet Union. Russia and other former nations members of the USSR are no longer held together by distinct characteristics except religion. Almost all these Slavic-Orthodox countries have evolved towards the West and can be considered in many aspects as being western countries. Taking into account the dimension of the European Union, many of the countries identified by Huntington, such as Poland, have made serious steps towards the west and share common values as the Western culture."
Abstract The paper explains Samuel P. Huntingdon's thesis on the new battle lines in the post-Cold War world and his most controversial belief that Muslim cultures are more involved in wars and conflict than any other culture. The paper then turns to the ideas of Edward W. Said who in "The Clash of Ignorance" attacks Huntingdon's assertions and accuses him of oversimplifications and outright lies. The paper goes on to highlight several of the "wild" assertions of Huntingdon but argues that there is still merit to many of his arguments even if they are oversimplified and biased. The paper concludes that this is a book that should be read, discussed and debated, because it raises many issues that Americans are not totally comfortable with.
Outline:
Introduction
Body of the Paper
Conclusion
From the Paper "In his book The Clash of Civilizations, Samuel Huntington explains that the end of the cold war also brought to a conclusion the way wars are fought based on ideology. Huntington asserts that the absence of the international image of two superpowers dominating world politics has opened the door to regional cultural and religious wars. He makes his points by combining statistics to prove his oversimplified theory of world demographics as an "indispensable guide to international politics." His arguments in that regard seem valid, lucid and convincing, but there are those who take issue with his positions. In fact much of what Huntington asserts can be objectively (based on history and the world today) challenged and indeed morally challenged as well."
Abstract The paper strives to provide a clear analysis of Huntington's "civilization paradigm", which argues that the fundamental source of conflict in the post-Cold War era will not be primarily ideological or economic, but cultural. The paper looks at the practical application of this paradigm in the case of current world politics and explores the debate as to whether or not the post-9/11 era fits into the pattern designed by Huntington. The paper posits that while the clash of civilizations formulated can indeed by identified in current world politics, things are a little less well-defined and a little more complicated. The paper provides examples to illustrate the fact that while the cultural element cannot be denied or even minimized, political regimes, political traditions and economic factors also play a very important role in current events.
From the Paper "The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order written by Samuel P. Huntington is actually an expansion of his 1993 article entitled The Clash of Civilizations. The main aim of the article was in fact to imagine a new post-Cold War world order. The new world order that Huntington puts forward in his article, and then book, is based on the thesis according to which "The most important distinctions among peoples are [no longer] ideological, political, or economic. They are cultural" (Huntington 1993: 21). This means that after the Cold War, societies were no longer divided according to ideological differences - such as the opposition between democracy and communism, for instance - but by cultural differences which will determine new patters of cohesion. Huntington argues that the fundamental source of conflict in the post-Cold War era - to which he refers as "the new world" - will not be primarily ideological of primarily economic, but cultural. Although the actors on the world affairs' stage will remain nation states, the main source of conflict in global politics will be a clash between groups of different civilizations which he entitles "the clash of civilizations.""
Abstract Cultural issues usually surface in a multicultural society like that of America's because co-existence of people from various different ethnic backgrounds can lead to undesired and unexpected conflicts. The paper shows that these issues have also become important for those not living in a multicultural society because of the fact that world is rapidly turning into a global village. The closer the people of the world come, the more cultural issues they are likely to encounter. The paper discusses that for this reason, it is important to study the reasons why culturalclashes take place and find out how cultural differences affect our perceptions. The authors of the texts chosen for this paper have, according to the writer of the paper, skillfully and appropriately highlighted these issues. The texts analyzed are: Malidoma Patrice Some's book "The Healing Wisdom of Africa" which highlights the cultural differences that exist between African tribes and American society; the book, "The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down" by Anne Fadiman, which focuses on the challenges faced by immigrants residing in America; Stanley Grenz's "A Primer on Postmodernism" and the movie "Remember the Titans".
From the Paper "While reading these texts and watching this exceptional movie, one wonders if cultural clashes arise only because of racial and ethnic differences. Stanley Grenz has an answer. He believes that world also encounters cultural problems as it progresses and enters new technologically and industrially advanced times. This means that when philosophy, art, literature, television and almost everything else changes and incorporates new values, theology and religious doctrines may clash with the new world views."
Abstract Analytical essay which discusses and argues against the argument, by Samuel Huntington in "Clash of Civilizations", that a root cause of the conflicts between nations is differences in religious convictions. The essay also attempts to present the reasons why "Clash of Civilizations" received such severe rebuke by highlighting the loopholes in the author's reasoning.
From the Paper "The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order is the masterpiece by Samuel Huntington which is based on the author's view that the clash of distinct cultures and civilizations world over is the potential root cause of the reinvigorated conflicts between nations differing in religious convictions. Huntington considers this clash of religious faith to be the bane of the global peace thereby imposing augmented threat of tumult. The same is the author's thesis, which raises thought provoking questions as well as arguments the role of the world superpowers and challenges the foreign policy makers of particularly the West (Huntington)."
Abstract The paper examines the "Interpreter of Maladies and Other Stories" by Jhumpa Lahiri and highlights how a cultureclash can occur between people of the same culture and background. The paper focuses on the title story of "The Interpreter of Maladies", the story "The Third and Final Continent" and the story "Mrs. Sen's". The paper emphasizes these stories' lesson that one cannot assume a common culture simply because one's ancestors share a common point of origin.
From the Paper "The term 'culture clash' seems to imply a conflict or a misunderstanding between two polarized cultures, quite often Eastern versus Western culture. For example, in the short story, "When Mr. Pirzada Came to Dine," from Jhumpa Lahiri's Interpreter of Maladies the young narrator is told by her teacher that history begins with the American Revolution, as if her own Indian heritage does not exist. This sense of insignificance is even internalized by Indian natives. A Bengali calls his nation "nothing [you'll] ever need to worry about" in the story "Sexy," when showing an American his nation is on a map (Lahir 84)."
Abstract The paper discusses how, in the novels "The River Between" and "Nectar in a Sieve", the characters are doing things that have application to people and cultures everywhere else on the planet. The paper describes the cultureclash between the people of Makuyu and Kameno in "The River Between" and conveys the hopelessness of the terrible grinding poverty in "Nectar in a Sieve".
From the Paper "What a reader finds immediately profound and dramatic about The River Between is the symbolism of the two mountains (ridges) laying "side by side" with a river running between. In the story, the two cultures are dead set against one another, with opposing religious beliefs and values. The culture living on the Makuyu ridge subscribes to the Christian beliefs, having been affected and greatly influenced by the British colonial indoctrination; but the tribe living on the Kameno ridge - where the story's protagonist, Waiyaki lives, wants to continue the old cultural traditions (like polytheism and circumcision). In fact Waiyaki is anxious for his circumcision to happen, notwithstanding the hideous feelings a reader gets as the author describes what it is like to be circumcised."
Abstract This paper discusses two case studies: AssetOne's merger with Taurus, and a manufacturing employee with resistance to change. In each case, response to change is negative. In the first case, the merger was handled badly, creating cultureclash; in the second, there were multiple instances of resistance to change. The paper describes the situation in each case and recommends ways that they could have been handled better.
From the Paper "The merger between AssetOne and Taurus was very poorly handled. Thesecrecy with which negotiations and the merger were conducted left employees of both companies blindsided when the merger was finally announced only minutes before it ..."
Tags: fear of change, mergers and acquisitions, resistance to change, cultureclashes
Abstract This paper describes and reviews the film "The Clash of the Titans," while also considering the mythological basis of the storyline. The paper examines the deeper mythological themes present in the movie, especially how human beings try to satisfy the willful nature of the gods. The review describes the intent of Greek mythology in the paper, also giving attention to its deeper psychological meaning. The review concludes that although the film "The Clash of the Titans" does add some changes for dramatic effect, it does not veer too far away from the themes found in the original Greek myth.
From the Paper "The symbolic frame for the mythology considers that the people form cultures with their own rites and ceremonies, mythology, heroes and stories as unique as any other culture. The Greeks developed over time a massive and complex mythology that explained in animistic, anthropomorphic terms many of the natural phenomena seen in the world around them and at the same time propounded a direct relationship between themselves and the gods as part of that explanation. In mythology, the Oedipus myth suggests that the hero is challenged and reformed by his encounter with his anima in the form of Jocasta, but his daughter Antigone is herself faced with her animus in the form of her father and all that he represents. Even a superficial reading of the story and an examination of the mythology behind it points to the fact that Antigone's character has been formed from her relationship with her father. Her relationship with her mother is secondary and indeed only sketchily formed at all in the context of the myth. Jocasta plays a role that is vital more because she is the mother as well as the wife of Oedipus than because she is the mother of Antigone. Elements of this myth are apparent in the way Perseus seeks to reconnect with the mother and rebuild the family lost so long ago. The godly world inhabited by these characters is a world where human passions have been projected on the deities so that rather than act as deities might be expected to, keeping some distance from the passions of the world, they instead exhibit human passions heightened because they are part of the behavior of the gods."
