Abstract
This paper examines the Great Proletariat Cultural Revolution dated from 1966-1976 in China. According to the paper, the cultural revolution fomented a decade of chaos and civil war in China that wreaked havoc and destruction on millions of its people. Additionally, it undermined many of its social and economic structures. The paper concludes by noting that the cultural revolution was characterized as a power struggle that sought to oppress intellectuals and purge political opponents of Mao Zedong.

From the Paper
"Though there is widespread difficulty in parsing the historical events and the subsequent effects of the Great Cultural Proletariat Revolution, theories and criticism from historians and academics abound on the subject. Broad agreement exists on the problematic investigation and interpretation of events that are so closely guarded by a small and strict hierarchy within the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) leadership and political system. Generally, it is recognized that the Cultural Revolution dated from 1966-1976 fomenting a decade of chaos and civil war in China that wreaked

Tags:china, cultural, revolution

Abstract
The paper explores what role the Cultural Revolution played in spreading communism in China, and the role that mass communication, cartoons, drama, dance, plays, and art played in the Cultural Revolution.

From the Paper
"Approximately 800,000 individuals in China were considered class enemies during the Cultural Revolution (Hooker 1999). What role did the Cultural Revolution play in spreading communism in China? What role did mass communication, cartoons, drama, dance, plays, and art play in the Cultural Revolution? How were these used by Mao Zedong? These are important questions to study when studying the Cultural Revolution led by Mao Zedong. The theme that continues through the Cultural Revolution is that popular culture was used by Mao and others to spread their beliefs about communism. Many different forms of art were used in reaching the masses."

Tags:china, culture, revolution

Abstract
The paper discusses how cultural revolution of the 1960s was a time when young people were angry at the world. The paper explains that they were angry due to losing a president, angry about Vietnam and determined to be different than the past generation of Americans. The paper describes how the cultural revolution of the 1960s brought about technology changes in communication and the media, saw young people take drugs and become hippies and they loved rock and roll. The paper discusses how many became activists for civil rights, women's rights, Vietnam, the war on poverty and domestic issues.

Tags:culture, revolution, america

Abstract
This paper discusses two films that address, in different ways, the myriad small and large tragedies that were spawned by the cultural revolution in China. The 1998 "Xui Xui", directed by Joan Chen is both a love story and a story of all that was lost for all people in China during the Cultural Revolution. While, Zhang Yimou's film "To Live" tells of the subtler, less intentioned ways in which each family in China was changed by the cultural revolution.

From the Paper
"Tragedy written on a small scale is still tragedy for those whose lives are touched by it. But even as we understand this we are still more compelled to try to understand those tragedies that occur on a large scale. Two films that address in ..."

Tags:Cultural Revolutionm, China, Red Squads, Joan Chen

Abstract
This paper explores what Mao's initial intention was when he first launched the Cultural Revolution and why he failed to achieve his initial goals. Contesting the commonly accepted assumption that sees a purge of oppositional forces as Mao's primary intention, it argues that Mao's fundamental motive for the revolution was his strong desire to remodel China according to his communist ideals.

From the Paper
"Wang argues that Mao's strong desire to consolidate his Marxist ideals, which can be seen as the major cause of the Cultural Revolution, was driven by the fundamental contradiction within the Chinese society that time. When the Communists came to power in 1949, the new regime shared with its Republican and late-Qing predecessors the determination to strengthen the nation. China was facing two broad goals to achieve at once. One was to acquire economic and technical power so that it could develop into an advanced, powerful, industrial society. The other was to create a society based on values that conformed to Marxist concepts of social justice. China's long history of chronic poverty and inquality strongly drove its national leaders to promote both full-speed modernization and egalitarian social transformation. "

Tags:mao, proletariat, revolution, communism

Abstract
The paper discusses the relevance of the Cultural Revolution and pays attention to its indication of how the CCP regime was just as indifferent to the individual as previous Chinese governments. The paper reveals that a million people were affected by events stemming from Mao's play for power, internal politics within the CCP and the demonization of educated Chinese. The paper explains that a result has been anarchical attitudes towards all government, citizens' low expectations of the regime and a distancing of social groups that continues to take new non-socialist forms. Lastly, the paper notes that many who were affected by the CR as children have left China or turned their back on the social mainstream.

From the Paper
"This paper discusses the Cultural Revolution of 1966-1976 in relation to very old dynamics of Chinese society that favour the state or the society, ahead of the individual. Through centuries, Confucianism suggested that inequality was a natural condition that could increase social cohesion if citizens worked to respect the proper relationships affecting their lives. While the Communist movement glorified removing an old corrupt order, in a few years a new Chinese hierarchy was becoming plain with the rise of a bureaucrat-official class to replace the Confucian official class of old."

Tags:china, cultural rev, individual

Abstract
This paper examines the events, context and consequences of Mao Zedung's Cultural Revolution. The first part of this paper examines the events that paved the way for the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. The next part then examines how the Cultural Revolution started and its degeneration into violence and destruction. It also studies how the excesses of the Cultural Revolution began and Mao's culpability for these abuses. In the conclusion, the paper examines the long-term consequences of the Cultural Revolution on Chinese society.

Table of Contents:
Gearing for Revolution
Chaos and Violence
Enduring Effects of the Cultural Revolution
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Throughout these excesses, Mao's hand remained evident. In 1966, he reveled in his god-like status as he received millions of Red Guards at Tiananmen Square in Beijing. During this speech, Mao exhorted his followers to "smash the four olds," referring to old ideas, old culture, old habits and old customs (Jiang and Ashley 2000). When the Red Guard began to destroy ancient artifacts and books, Mao did nothing to stop them. On the contrary, he used his influence to ensure that political rivals were exiled or otherwise removed from power."
"Furthermore, by forcing intellectuals to labor camps, Mao was quelling resistance from the more critical segments of the population. This helped ensure that he had a pliable foundation for his revolutionary goals. In essence, Mao was establishing a new intelligentsia, one composed of peasants and workers who were fiercely loyal to him and his ideals."

Tags:communism, Zedong, socialism

Abstract
This paper examines the causes of the Chinese Cultural Revolution, including the Great Leap Forward and Mao's subsequent loss of absolute power. Through the fanaticism of his youthful followers, known as the Red Guards, Mao was launched back into power and unleashed a reign of terror across China. In this research paper, there is special emphasis on the destruction caused by the Red Guards, including, but not limited to, book burning, vandalism, torture, and even murder. This paper essentially discusses the nature of fanatical Maoist ideology. It supports its thesis through the use of primary sources, such as biographies of those who survived the cultural revolution and documents from the period including movies, music, posters, and government documents. A full biography and footnotes in Chicago Manual/Turabian style are included.

From the Paper
"During the 20th century, China experienced unprecedented turmoil and instability. In 1911, the Imperial Ch?ing dynasty was overthrown only to be replaced by two decades of constant civil war and anarchy. Although Chiang Kaishek managed to unify the country in 1928, his rule saw further trouble including the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and a communist insurrection led by Mao Zedong. Following Japan's defeat in the Second World War, Chiang Kaishek, despite some initial successes was defeated at the hands of the communists and was forced to flee to Taiwan. Mao Zedong announced the birth of the People's Republic of China in 1949. Throughout his reign, China suffered from several disasters including the Great Leap Forward, the Hundred Flowers Campaign, but especially the Cultural Revolution. Lasting from roughly 1966-1976, the Cultural Revolution has been considered the most violent and chaotic period in China's modern history. During this era, China experienced the triumph of ideological fanaticism over pragmatism, the mass execution of millions of people, and the near destruction of ancient Chinese culture."

Tags:deng, jiang, liu, shaoqi, xiaoping

Abstract
This paper begins with a brief outline of the course of the Cultural Revolution. It then analyzes its impact on the period from 1971-1976. The most important focus is on the return to authority of the pre-Cultural Revolution party and cadres.

Abstract
The writer notes that the faith of the Chinese in the teachings of Chairman Mao was so strong that it permeated every aspect of urban life, both private and public. Schools rang with the teachings of communist ideals and adults both feared and praised the rules imposed on them by their government. This paper examines the effects of the communist ideal on the people of China. The writer of this article states that the movement of China toward communism was a turbulent one, resulting in social disorder. By providing the reader with an often painful inside-view of the turmoil of the classes during the Great Cultural Revolution of China in his book, "Son of the Revolution", Liang Heng reveals the strength of the Chinese people at a time when China's social structure was at its weakest. This article discusses the permeation and effects of Communist ideals in Chinese society.

From the Paper
"Additionally, although the peasants did hold some amount of reverence for Mao's ideas, they did not truly understand the purpose of the Revolution; they saw only themselves having to struggle harder to support a movement that made no sense. As a movement to "Attack the Evil Winds of Capitalism" struck the countryside, for example, rural peasants were left wondering about Mao's intent for them. Liang Heng recounts a tale of a peasant who was told to destroy his ducks - a valuable commodity to a peasant and a symbol of capitalism to the Party."

Tags:asian, communism, cultural, history, mao