From the Paper "John G. Bourke. On the Border with Crook. Lincoln: University
of Nebraska Press, 1971. (originally published 1891.)
America's nineteenth-century Indian Wars are out of fashion today. The contemporary popular-culture version of these wars, in the movie "Dances with Wolves," is a cartoon image that simply stands old "B" western stereotypes on their heads, with noble Indians and brutalized soldiers. The only battles in the Indian Wars that remain household names today are an Indian victory, Little Big Horn, and the late episode at Wounded Knee, remembered now as a massacre rather than a battle. The only American military man now remembered as an "Indian fighter" is General George Custer (Other famous Americans were Indian fighters, notably President Andrew Jackson and many Civil War generals. But only Custer is now remembered for his exploits against..."
An analysis of the film "The Elephant Man," directed by David Lynch, as viewed by the philosophy of Anita Silvers in her essay "From The Crooked Timber of Humanity, Beautiful Things Can Be Made."
Abstract This paper discusses the film, "The Elephant Man," directed by David Lynch. It specifically analyzes the film according to the philosophy of Anita Silvers in her essay "From The Crooked Timber of Humanity, Beautiful Things Can Be Made." The paper describes Silvers' view that the standards of symmetry and wholeness should be rewritten as a standard for human health and discusses how this relates to the themes in "The Elephant Man."
From the Paper "In her essay, "From The Crooked Timber of Humanity, Beautiful Things Can Be Made," Anita Silvers makes a profound call that the standards of symmetry and wholeness be rewritten as a standard for human health in a way that is sounded like a clarion call throughout the film "The Elephant Man." Merrick's unique plight is not simply tragic, rather his presence elevates the lives of others, and shows the valuable moral contribution that persons with so-called disabilities can make to society. Because of Merrick's unique presence in their lives, the cold medical professionals gain insight into the need to view human subjects and illness in a mode that is not simply mechanical, but humane and compassionate. The concept of how health is understood in moral terms becomes destabilized because of Merrick's overwhelming, instinctive morality, based upon his skillful perception of his situation."
Abstract This paper examines the theme of loneliness in Steinbeck's novel, "Of Mice and Men". The author looks at the symbolic meaning of using the town of Soledad in the novel and how it contributes to the theme of loneliness.
From the Paper "The novel Of Mice and Men is based upon the lonely lives of wandering ranchers in the 1930s. The setting is just outside of a town named ?Soledad,? whose Spanish name means loneliness. Moving from ranch to ranch every couple months didn?t give the rancher much time to make friends. It was considered rare for ranchers to travel together as the main characters, George and Lennie, did in Steinbeck's novel. George and Lennie were cousins and had been together their whole lives traveling from ranch to ranch. They could never seem to stay in one place because Lennie was constantly getting in trouble. The closeness of their friendship was odd to many of the current workers on the ranch. They seem interested in the companionship between Lennie and George, and this interest helps bring out the other ranchers loneliness. The loneliness of those living on the ranch in Of Mice and Men is evident through the lives of Candy, Curley's wife, Crooks, and eventually George as well."
Abstract This essay explores the issue whether William M. Tweed corrupted post-Civil War New York. The author discusses the life of the post civil war mobster, how he corrupted the city of New York and how he was discovered to be crooked.
From the Paper "Many people have there views on post Civil War New York, some like Alexander B. Callow Jr., say it was corrupt and run by William Tweed and the Tammany Hall gang. But other like Leo Hershkowitz have there own views on what it was like in New York after the Civil War, he thinks that all the bad and corrupt stuff was blamed on Tweed and his men because they were scapegoats. Many people think that this result of graft and theft, in the post Civil War city of New York was the consequence of what they called "Machine Politics".
Tags: city, corruption, history, mob, new, william, york, nast, thomas, tamany, hall
Abstract This paper explores how music and the theatre have always worked together for as long as humanity has engaged in staging productions. It shows that music has played a part, sometimes minor, sometimes major, in many theatrical productions; however, since the late nineteenth century with the birth of the modern musical theater it has continued to gain importance and social relevance. The writer shows that as they gained in popularity, musicals became an entertaining forum for discussing relevant social issues, depicting the plights and victories of modern Western society.
From the Paper "The first musical comedies began to emerge in the 1880?s, thanks to a pair called Harrigan and Hart. They were the owners of the Theatre Comique on lower Broadway. Unlike the Extravaganzas of the previous decade, Harrigan and Hart's musical comedies began to stir up some social awareness. Many of the comedies that were staged on Broadway took place in the dishevelled streets of Manhattan, with characters reflecting the lives of those who lived and worked there. While the productions certainly took a comical viewpoint, the audience was very aware of the reality of the situation."
This paper discusses the exposure of anthrax shortly after the September 11 attacks on the United States, as well as the United States government and the intelligence agencies possible responsibility in America's exposure to the biological pathogen.
Abstract This paper covers the role the United States government and politics played in the exportation of anthrax to Iraq before operation Desert Storm. This paper also questions the role and responsibility the United States government and crooked politics played in America's anthrax exposure, as well as covers the first cases of exposure of anthrax in the United States. This paper focuses on biological testing facilities in the United States and their mission. This paper also focuses on biological testing facilities that had existed Iraq and the United States intelligence agencies which had known of such facilities and that still approved the shipments of various pathogens to such facilities. Moreover, this paper discusses the bombing of these biological facilities from the outset of desert storm and the role this had played with the "Gulf War Syndrome".
From the Paper "Weeks after the September 11, 2001 attacks, our nation faced another act of terrorism. Anthrax was exposed to our country with intentions to kill. Not far from Mohammed Ata's hometown, in south Florida, the first cases of infection were found. Mohammed Ata was one of the hijackers in flight aboard one of the several planes involved in the September 11, 2001 attacks. Government officials believe there is a cell, somewhere in the area that is somehow linked with Al-Qeuda or Usama bin Laden. But, are government officials some how to blame for the United States exposure to anthrax?"
This paper reviews two children's mysteries: "The Shore Road Mystery" from Franklin W. Dixon's Hardy Boys series and "Encyclopedia Brown and the Case of the Sleeping Dog" from Donald J. Sobol's Encyclopedia Brown series.
Abstract This paper explains that the Hardy Boys, in 1964, in ?The Shore Road Mystery" are mere boys who can think like crafty adults, can go out and challenge crooks and thieves, and find a farmhouse to call for help with just old-fashioned land-based phones. The author points out that a young man learns that hard work and perseverance plus brainpower and the use of good instincts lead to success, even for kids. The paper relates that "Encyclopedia Brown and the Case of the Sleeping Dog" leaves the reader wondering how a seemingly normal kid named Encyclopedia Brown could come up with this kind of skullduggery and carry it off.
From the Paper "The irony here is that Chet is on a research mission seeking information about car thieves, a felony crime that any kid could think about, but few could actually follow through. Still, he can"t keep his hands out of the cake Aunt Gertrude gave him to deliver. A reader learns here that young men are always young men in most predictable respects (in this case, Chet is tempted by chocolate cake, and can"t keep his hands off the cake notwithstanding the promise to deliver it); but in other areas, Chet is acting more like being a criminal investigator than a green-behind-the-ears / snot-nosed kid who can?t keep his fingers out of a chocolate cake."
Abstract This paper explains that sucking on the thumb or other fingers is considered a very normal and accepted behavior in infants in Western culture until about age five; but, in some non-Western cultures, such as the African or Native American cultures, this habit may be less common or even missing. The author points out that a major concern about thumb sucking is health risks, including ingesting poison accidentally, infected fingernails, calluses, crooked finger, unlimited access of viruses and bacteria to the mouth, and dental problems. This paper stresses that perhaps the most appropriate way to approach thumb sucking is to provide a comfortable, nurturing, stimulating, and healthy environment for infants from the very beginning to prevent the child seeking finger-sucking as comfort.
From the Paper "Additionally, the mouth is used by infants especially as one of the primary tools of exploration and discovery, as the child becomes accustomed to his or her environment and learns about the surrounding world. Other children may acquire the habit of thumb sucking from observing other children, during the toddler stages especially, and may be influenced to begin sucking from other children in daycare or on the playground and mimicking this behavior, or by observing an older sibling or relative that sucks on his or her thumb. Thumb sucking is considered to be normal until the age of four or five, depending on the developmental stage of the child, and if the habit is stopped by this age there are generally no physical or mental health problems caused by it."
This paper discusses the shocking scandal at WorldCom, the Mississippi-based telecommunication company, which was considered to be scandal-free and profitable.
2,060 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
Abstract This paper explains that, compared to the sophisticated accounting techniques adopted by Enron to hide its real financial health, the "modus operandi" of the 'crooks' at WorldCom was relatively simple, involving the improper capitalization of expenses by re-characterizing certain operating expenses as capital assets, and the improper release of reserves held against operating expenses. The author points out that personal greed stands out as the single biggest reason for this crime. The paper relates that the continuing manipulation of WorldCom's financial statements remained undetected from as far back as 1999 to mid-2002 due to the failure of the system because the auditors, the "moral watchdogs," were largely unregulated, and the accounting profession had followed a long-held tradition of self-regulation.
Table of Contents
Facts
Background
How Was the Fraud Perpetrated?
Why Was the Fraud Committed?
Preventing and Detecting Fraud
Why the Fraud Remained Undetected at WorldCom?
Measures Needed to Prevent or Detect Fraud
Comments and Conclusion
From the Paper "In the 1990s, WorldCom entered into a number of long-term lease agreements with various third party telecommunication companies in order to gain access to their networks. According to the terms of the agreements, WorldCom was obliged to pay a fixed amount to the carriers, regardless of how much of the leased capacity was actually utilized by WorldCom. These lease payments were named "line costs" and as per the prevailing accounting principles should have been treated as "operating expenses" in the income statements of the company. By 2000, the optimistic growth projections in the telecomm sector had failed to materialize, and WorldCom's incomes could not keep pace with its rising expenses. If the company's declining income had become public at that stage, its share price that had reached a peak of $64 in 1999 would have fallen drastically."
Abstract Musical theater is almost as old as America itself. From the 1700s to the present day, the stages across the United States have come alive with the voices and instruments of dramatic, romantic and comedic musicals that have delighted audiences of all ages. This paper shows that the United States is known for its mixture of cultures, beliefs and traditions and where freedom of expression is not only allowed but encouraged. American musical theater is a prime example of this ethnic and cultural eclectic creativity and presentation. The paper traces the history of musical theater in the United States from the 1700s to the present day.
From the Paper "Rodgers and Hammerstein started their run of hits with "Oklahoma." The seemingly impossible mixture of murder, suspense and music worked because the characters were characterized in depth. The creative team took other risks as well: Instead of opening with the usual stirring ensemble number, the curtain rose on a farm woman churning butter as a cowboy enters singing a solo about the beauty of the morning. Further, Hammerstein wrote lyrics for all the songs in a conversational style, each fitting specific characters and storytelling needs. In addition, since the characters would be dealing with emotions that might sound awkward if verbalized by cowboys and farm girls, Rodgers and Hammerstein decided to use dance as an integral element."
Abstract This paper explains that, during the first third of the 18th century, horns were making their way into the theater and ballet; a new horn, the Waldhorn, or "forester's horn", first made by Michael and Johannes Leichnambschneider in Vienna in the 1690s, was created for indoor orchestral use and eliminated the problems presented by parforce-horns (hunting horns). The author points out that an example of one of the earliest uses of the horn in a score is in the opera "Le Nozze di Tito e di Peilei" by Cavalli, first produced in the Teatro San Cassiano in Venice in 1639 and again in Paris in 1654. The paper relates that George Frideric Handel was the first to use horns in concert music in England as evidenced in the orchestral suite "Water Music" of 1717, written for George I in which a pair of horns playing in horn-fifths appears in the third and ninth parts of the suite and is set apart from the rest of the ensemble.
From the Paper "Until about 1700, parforce-horns, or hunting horns, were the instrument used. They were short in length for ease of carrying on the hunt and only delivered single-note hunting signals. They were not yet used in a musical fashion. Around 1700, new longer instruments were made that allowed more overtones to be played. These hunting horns were known by the names Cor de chasse in France, Jagdhorn in Germany and corno da caccia in Italy. They could play twelve or more harmonics and had a narrow bore, thus producing a bright strident sound. The mouthpieces were shallow and conical, like those of the modern trumpet. The first hunting calls in which they were used musically are played in 6/8 time to imitate the galloping of horses. The players used the overtones in a manner we call "horn fifths". The first horn plays scale degrees 3,2 and 1 successively while the second horn plays a third, fifth and sixth below those tones, and the same in reverse."
Abstract Malcolm X, born Malcolm Little, was only forty years old when he was assassinated at Harlem's Audubon Ballroom on February 21, 1965. This paper examines who was Malcolm X was and what took him from the ghetto mentality of Harlem to become a small time crook, to prison and then to rehabilitation and the voice of defiance against the white man's injustice.
From the Paper "Malcolm's beginning years planted the seed of what he would become, and the rage he felt. "One of Malcolm's earliest memories was of fire and destruction. He would always remember 'being snatched awake one night with a lot of screaming going on because our house was on fire.' The fire was said to have been started by white supremacists in Omaha." (Diamond, p. 11) Malcolm's father, Earl Little, was a Baptist preacher with radical ideas, who followed the teachings of Marcus Garvey, a famed black nationalist. Whether the neighbors, who neither liked the Little family nor the father's beliefs, were involved in the arson fire is not known, but they were not sorry to see the family move. In fact, the Littles (Earl and Louise) had to move a number of times during Malcolm's early years."
Abstract In this article, the writer reviews the movie 'Serpico' that shows police corruption or cops above the law. The writer addresses many scenes in the movie that depict this type of behavior from a pro-police perspective. The writer explains that 'Serpico' is based on a true story of a New York policeman newly graduated from the police academy who discovers dishonesty throughout the police department. The writer discusses that this movie tells about Frank Serpico dealing with crooked police officers in the early 1970s in New York City. The writer believes that this movie is very accurate of what was going on during that time when many police officers lost their jobs and were even prosecuted.
From the Paper "Serpico gets transferred to another precinct in Manhattan where he finds out that they are also taking money. Serpico and his new partner tell the Chief what is going on but the Chief wants to protect Commissioner Delaney. Serpico realizes that no one is going to do anything about corrupt police departments and decides to go to The New York Times. The mayor appoints an investigation commission of a five man committee headed by Whitman Knapp to review the city procedures for investigating police corruption.
"Serpico gets transferred to the narcotics division. He is on a stakeout with other officers and gets shot in the face. None of the other officers come to his aid but he does survive. Serpico appears at the Knapp commission and testifies about the police corruption."
