Abstract
This paper provides a detailed example of how to critically analyze a document. This paper focuses on a piece of correspondence regarding a union dispute, and uses the 12 steps of critical thinking outlined by M. Neil Browne and Stuart M. Keeley in the ninth edition of their book, "Asking the Right Questions: a Guide to Critical Thinking." The paper systematically outlines its analysis of this correspondence between Mr. Cesar Padilla President of the FSEU Local No. 343 and Ms. Barbara Glenn, the FSEU Director of Human Resources. The paper explains that the correspondence discusses the Illinois' governor's proposal to outsource jobs currently being held by union members in an effort to lower expenses.

Outline:
Introduction
What are the Issues and Conclusion?
What are the Reasons?
Which Words or Phrases are Ambiguous?
What are the Value Conflicts and Assumptions?
What are the Descriptive Assumptions?
Are there any Fallacies in the Reasoning?
How Good is the Evidence: Intuition, Appeals to Authority, and Testimonials?
How Good is the Evidence: Personal Observations, Case Studies, Research Studies, and Analogies?
Are there Rival Causes?
Are the Statistics Deceptive?
What Significant Information is Omitted?
What Reasonable Conclusions are Possible?
Conclusion
Work Cited

From the Paper
" The memo being analyzed was written by Ms. Barbara Glenn, who is the FSEU Director of Human Resources, and the memo was sent to Mr. Cesar Padilla, who is the President of FSEU Local No. 343. According to Ms. Glenn, Mr. Cesar requested that she look over a notification he received from the governor of Illinois. The original notification was concerning the governor's plan to privatize and outsource the Department of Transportation's information systems management function. Ms. Glenn is solidly opposed to the plan, and is recommending that Mr. Padilla oppose the plan. Ms. Glenn provides Mr. Padilla with several reasons for her stance on the issue within the memo."

Tags:union, thinking

Abstract
This essay will critically appraise the article "Doing health, doing gender: teenagers, diabetes and asthma" by Clare Williams published in journal Social Science & Medicine, volume 50, issue 3, pp. 387-396 in 2000. In this article, Williams looks how the socially constructed male and female identities influence how teenagers live with two acute chronic diseases: asthma and diabetes. Both chosen diseases require constant treatment and Williams tries to understand the way in which boys and girls, through their masculine and feminine identities, accept the necessity of treatment and adhere to it. The paper does not give clear hypothesis that Williams would either confirm or reverse through her study.

From the Paper
Critical Appraisal This essay will critically appraise the article "Doing health, doing gender: teenagers, diabetes and asthma" by Clare Williams published in journal Social Science & Medicine, volume 50, issue 3, pp. 387-396 in 2000. In this article, Williams looks how the socially constructed male and female identities influence how teenagers live with two acute chronic diseases: asthma and diabetes. Both chosen diseases require constant treatment and Williams tries to understand the way in which boys and girls, through their masculine and feminine identities, accept the necessity of treatment and adhere to it. The paper does not give clear

Tags:critical appraisal, study, analysis

Abstract
The paper is an analysis and review of a simulation exercise this writer completed a short while ago. The paper briefly summarizes the simulation and then proceeds to look at what the simulation has done for the writer in terms of alerting him to what problem-solving techniques are out there and how each one can facilitate problem-solving in a dynamic organizational setting.

From the Paper
"My impression of the simulation was that it was generally excellent but the instructions were not always as clear as I would have liked; for instance, while I liked using the decision-making pie-chart approach (University of Phoenix, 2008a), I found the solution sets to be a bit problematic insofar as I was unaware that the first of the two solution sets we were asked to work on - the one following the urgency-criticality matrix - actually required us to provide two solutions and not simply one solution as I originally thought. This oversight was one that hurt my decision-making to some degree."

Tags:simulation, review, analysis

Abstract
This paper describes the process of being critically reflective, which is noted as not always a validating process. The paper states, however, that sometimes it simply must be done in order to assess one's progress and the usefulness of the learning process. The author then gives a personal account of his personal growth through reflection, noting how this course was an important element in the process.

From the Paper
"Looking in the mirror and being critically reflective is not always a validating process, but sometimes it simply must be done in order to assess one's progress and the usefulness of the learning process. When I began this course, I was unsure as to its purpose or function, but through the process of achieving self-awareness, I began to understand the value..."

Tags:critical, reflection, learning

Abstract
This paper discusses critical care nursing and the role of the critical care nurse. It describes the nurse's role from the point of view of the writer, who is a nurse, and presents some of her experiences in this position. The paper presents a case study of an elderly patient in a critical care setting and discusses both the patient's needs and experiences, as well as the nurse's.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
A Personal Point Of View Of My Nursing Experience
Comprehensive Discussion Of Critically Ill Patient And Their Experience Of Critical Illness
Personal Reflection About Visit To The CSICU
How This May Influence My Own Vision Of Myself As A Critical Care Nurse

From the Paper
"Knowing the patient's family and social environment would have given me a better idea about her outlook, whether she was optimistic or pessimistic about getting well, how she felt about her state of health in general, and what acts of daily life and independence were most important to her. It would also have helped me assess the family's ability to facilitate the patient's self-care, and their awareness of the seriousness of monitoring her health condition. Also, I would have liked to have known the patient's attitude, and her family's attitude regarding her other ailments, such as her diabetes, her adherence to a special diet, her ability to monitor her blood sugar and cholesterol, as well as her history in observing a medication regime with religiosity and diligence."

Tags:CSICU, geriatric, mitral, surgery

Abstract
This paper critically analyzes the first and third books of Thomas Hardy's work "Tess," focusing on the themes of optimism and pessimism. The paper notes Hardy's use of Tess' character to convey his scathing criticism of Victorian society's hypocritical attitude to sexuality, thus stirring up mass-controversy upon publication. The paper discusses Hardy's use of foreshadowing events and ominous signs, using these to illustrate the thematic development of the narrative as well as creating a mood, tone and atmosphere specific to the message he is trying to communicate. The paper concludes that the first book of "Tess" was unfailingly pessimistic, and although the third book seems far more hope-filled, and is infused with an energy and optimism that was absent before, it does not reject the undercurrent of pessimism that permeates the novel in its entirety.

From the Paper
"Despite the conception that the third book has a more optimistic tone, ominous foreshadowing is present here also. In referring to the current contentment of Tess, the narrator ominously describes her situation; "Tess had never in her recent life been so happy as she was now, possibly never would again."
"This is a clear warning of how events will ultimately transpire for Tess, and despite occurring in book three, it is massively pessimistic, a hugely negative, foreboding insinuation. Despite having found happiness, it is made clear that this will not last. Would this feature in a book identified for its optimistic outlook?"

Tags:Victorian, Durbeyfield, Angel, Clare

Abstract
This 10-page critical analysis paper examines legal, ethical, and social values of business and analyzes how they apply in the context of pharmaceutical companies refusing to sell AIDS drugs to African countries. Legal aspects of this issue are critically analyzed, Utilitarian and Kantian ethical philosophies are examined in terms of how they apply, and social responsibility issues are discussed in order to ascertain the role social responsibility plays in business decisions and policies.

From the Paper
AIDS in Africa: A Critical Analysis of Pharmaceutical Company Policy Abstract This 10-page critical analysis paper examines legal, ethical, and social values of business and analyzes how they apply in the context of pharmaceutical companies refusing to sell AIDS drugs to African countries. Legal aspects of this issue are critically analyzed, Utilitarian and Kantian ethical philosophies are examined in terms of how they apply, and social responsibility issues are discussed in order to ascertain the role

Tags:pharmaceutical, companies, aids

Abstract
This paper looks at the stages involved in critically reading and evaluating research materials as well as providing a broad understanding of what critical thinking skills mean to this particular writer. Finally, the paper concludes with a literature review of five academic sources devoted to addressing the same broad policy issue but with each having a rather different emphasis. In the end, the final section of the paper offers a solution for how all of these different viewpoints can be effectively reconciled.

Tags:public, policy, issue

Abstract
This book review of "A Life of John Calvin" written by Christian apologist and scientific theologian Alister McGrath suggests that McGrath's denunciation of the stereotypically negative view of Calvin is refreshing. The author of this paper critically analyzes the biography, illustrates how McGrath draws heavily on the classic works of Beza (1564) and Colladon (1565), and concludes by arguing that the book is especially valuable because McGrath's clearheaded presentation of the Swiss Reformation may help shift the public opinion about John Calvin.

From the Paper
"McGrath begins by setting the stage for the reform of the Church in Europe. Renaissance popes, he says, were "presiding over a period of moral degeneration, financial intrigue and spectacularly unsuccessful power politics, which seriously challenged the credibility of the Church as a spiritual and moral guide." (3) He credits the rise of adult literacy, anti-clericalism, and, especially, of personal faith, for the ready acceptance by many for a new look at the old institution. Such figures as Jacques Lefevre d'Etaples, Guillaume Bri onnet, and John Colet, with their religious humanism, were "breathing the fresh air of the New Testament" (7) into the Church and the Church had not chosen to respond harshly to this development (owing, perhaps, to the dismal disarray that characterized papal authority at that time). McGrath concludes that when Luther began to promote his reform, using some of the same arguments that these others had used to make his case against the Roman Catholic Church, the result was that their views were marked as heretical with his, rather than his being marked as orthodox with theirs. In other words, where the Church had been content to largely ignore the earlier humanists, they could not do so with Luther (who challenged them openly) and, consequently, it is McGrath's opinion that Luther cast aspersion on his predecessors in the process. While this may be true, it in no way mitigates the necessity for the reform of the Church which had itself moved far afield of biblical theology. Thus, while McGrath seems to be critical of Luther's candid methodology, he surely cannot mean that Luther should have remained silent. So, if his critique is genuine, it is nevertheless moot."

Tags:calvinism christian church reformation, martin luther

Abstract
This paper compares the way that three major theoretical perspectives deal with the incongruity of Victor's actions in Mary Shelley's "Frankenstein". The paper explains that this incongruity concerns Victor's decision to abandon his creation and to continually refuse to take any responsibility for it throughout the novel. By critically examining Warren Montag's article "The Workshop of Filthy Creation," Johanna M. Smith's "'Cooped Up': Feminine Domesticity in Frankenstein" and David Collins' article, "The Monster and the Imaginary Mother: A Lacanian Reading of Frankenstein", the paper looks at three different approaches to dealing with this incongruity and demonstrates where the arguments in the articles fall short. The paper highlights how all three articles subvert the text in favor of their own agendas and offers an alternative interpretation of these characters and events.

From the Paper
"Mary Shelley's Frankenstein has become a cultural icon. The characters of Victor, the scientist, and his creation, the Wretch, have become myths that exist independently from Shelley's text. Thus, Hollywood adaptations and rewritings have often reworked her story into simplified terms. The typical retelling focuses on the Promethean aspect of the novel, which explores the dangers of "stealing the fire of the gods". In these depictions, Victor is a mad scientist who pursues taboo knowledge with an intense mania, and his creation is a dumb, murderous brute. The scene of the Wretch's awakening is usually heralded by maniacal laughter and glee on the part of the scientist. This depiction, however, is actually very different from the original text."

Tags:Victor, Wretch, Elizabeth, monster, doppelganger, double, marriage