Abstract
This paper is a content analysis of network (ABC, NBC and CBS) local and national news broadcasts, focusing on the reporting of stories related to crime. The study is based on the viewing of a half-hour segment of news on the three national and three local stations' broadcasts (six half-hour segments), with that viewing concentrating on crime-related compared to non-crime-related stories. The analysis also examines the nature of the crime stories, including the type of crime, the reporting agency, victim characteristics and offender characteristics, and compares national and local coverage.

From the Paper
"We see in a comparison of the local and national news on ABC that on the local level the stories of crime seem to feature violence for its own sake, or for "entertainment's" sake, rather than for any larger social issue, while on the national level one story involved a dramatic crime in a low-crime nation, and the other involved issues (DNA testing, death penalty) which transcend the crime itself."

Tags:media, murder, death, penalty, terrorism

Abstract
This paper discusses how computer-related crime can be categorized in many different ways and how, in simple terms, crimes against persons receive more concern from society and law enforcement than other crimes such as monetary crimes or crimes against property. The paper looks at how local law enforcement does not have the expertise or training in this area and how therefore, the federal criminal justice agencies take lead roles. Law enforcement is struggling to provide enough resources to investigate crime where computers are involved and must prioritize its resources. Various categories of computer crimes are listed along with a brief description of each.

Outline:
The Computer as the Target
The Computer as an Agent
Crimes Associated with the Prevalence of Computers
Networking Malfeasance

From the Paper
"Frauds from computer transactions, credit card fraud, and telecommunications fraud are examples where the computer is used as an agent. These are complex investigations that require commercial crime investigators, as well as, tech-crime investigators. Losses from these crimes are usually monetary, therefore, public demand of resources is less likely than computer crimes involving violence. Local law enforcement would not be capable of such investigations and national law enforcement would likely only investigate high-profile cases. Headlines of articles are found throughout the Internet that indicate resources are prevalently directed towards high monetary cases. An example of this is, "Woman Convicted of Embezzling More Than $910,000 In Computer Fraud Scheme" (United States Department of Justice, 2003). "

Tags:credit, card, fraud, credit, card, fraud

Abstract
This paper examines how Internet crimes, intellectual crimes, and cyber crimes are related to a large extent. It provides a definition of each of the terms and attempts to show how, in actuality, the use of the term 'cyber crimes' subsumes both the Internet crimes and the intellectual crimes. The intellectual crimes can occur without having the Internet, but with the application of the Internet, the intellectual crimes occur faster, often leaving no physical trace of such crimes.

From the Paper
"Cyber crime is an umbrella term that covers both the Internet crime and intellectual crime. In other words, cyber crimes are those crimes that can be done with or with the help of the Internet. For example, to gain unauthorized access to someone's computers in order to deleting files, altering web pages, posting stolen credit card numbers, and making unauthorized purchases. In addition, the cyber-crime involves child Pornography or exploitation, computer fraud, Internet harassment, and Internet bomb threats. Cyber crimes also include money laundering and unlawful banking transactions, use of organized crime records or books, and bookmaking. For example, in one case, a suspect committed murder by changing a patient's medication information and dosage in a hospital computer."

Tags:fraud, computer, pornography, money, laundering

Abstract
The paper examines the problem of white-collar crime in relation to the free market global economy, which has played a large role in increasing corporate crimes. The paper looks closely at the economic theories of Adam Smith and John Maynard Keynes that explain free market abuses. The paper concludes that although Keynesian regulatory theories provide a strong groundwork for a justice and rights based system of rules to control and balance free market economies, the lack of government enforcement through the private sector allows corporate criminals to go unpunished.

From the Paper
"The central issue of Adam Smith's "hidden hand" economics in the free market economy is the growing failure of the U.S. government to regulate the way that banking has been practiced in global markets. One example of this was the problem of the Savings and Loan Crisis, which often deregulated banking institutions, causing problematic ethical issues through justice based theories of fair and balanced market behaviors. In this case, the government did not enforce restrictions on competitive measures for commercial banks for the greater benefit of the banking industry."

Tags:free, market, banking, fraud, regulation, restrictions, competition

Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of gambling related crime and solutions to the problem. The paper discusses historical evidence that society has never been directly involved in ending the issue, and that over time gambling has become more apparent in society, and with it, so has gambling related crime.

From the Paper
"Throughout history gambling has been an inclusion in society that has elicited concern from many, and indifference from others. Politicians have traditionally conceded the fact that gambling as a public recreation has caused some difficulties in the masses. They have even discussed the fact that they believe that gambling might be acceptable - as long as only those that possess the wealth to support their bets practice gambling. As casinos have now been constructed in many States in America, those closest to these gambling institutions address the issue of gambling related crime almost daily. However, politicians, and government officials contend that there is not enough evidence to support programs that are State, or Federally funded which would reduce, or stop gambling related crime, or provide solutions to those who wish to escape their addictions."

Tags:gambling, related, crime

Abstract
The paper asserts that crime hurts communities in both physical and emotional ways, and some new policy options have to be put on the table to address the root of the problem. The paper explains that in terms of specific problems, crime lowers the life expectancy of a community, such as when gang-related murders take place. The paper also relates that crime can impact the physical health of a community, as the plague of drug addiction shows and crime lowers the morals and morale of a community, creating an ongoing cycle of crime, poverty, and depression.

From the Paper
"Crime hurts communities in both physical and emotional ways, and some new policy options have to be put on the table to address the root of the problem. In terms of specific problems, crime lowers the life expectancy of a community, such as when gang-related murders take place. Crime can also impact the physical health of a community, as the plague of drug addiction shows. Finally, crime lowers the morals and morale of a community, creating an ongoing cycle of crime, poverty, and depression. There are many crimes that can hurt a community, but today the most impact is created by crimes committed by gangs. Street gangs have been around for..."

Tags:crime, community, policy

Abstract
This paper discusses the concept of community policing. The author says that for certain types of crime, such as hate crimes, mob-related crimes and ritualistic crimes, police must look at the underlying causes of the crimes rather than just dealing with the perpetrators after the fact. The paper explains why these particular categories differ from other crimes, and why these categories require a different kind of approach from police.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Organized Crime
Hate Crime
Ritual Crimes
Law Enforcement Perspective
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Community policing is a term that is becoming increasingly common in police studies and practice. This is a natural result of the increase in the responsibility of the police in a complex and modern environment. This means that policing has to deal not only with the effects of crime but also with the underlying causes of criminal acts in order to be effective. This is especially the case with regard to forms of crime such as hate and ritual crimes which have sensitive and far-reaching social implications. In this regard the responsibility of the police is being shared with other institutions and the community in order to provide a more adequate and comprehensive solution to contemporary crime issues."

Tags:community, police, hate, crime, racial, violence, organized, mob, law, enforcement, ritual

Abstract
This paper compares the different elements of crime statistics to substantiate that drug-related offenses appear to be increasing critically. The author points out that this is a dangerous trend in non-consensual arrests, which places people who have not committed violent crimes, such as murder, into prison population filled with dangerous offenders. The paper states that the policy off placing extremely harsh penalties for those people simply caught using the product is being implemented through the American government justice system.

From the Paper
"This study examines the nature of drug-related crimes that have been steadily on the rise within America. By understanding the lowered rate of violent or murder related crimes within the U.S. in the past 6 years, one can begin to understand that drugs are now a central problem in crime related incidents. In essence, the greatly lowered rates of murder and other related violent crimes makes a direct link to the problem of non-consensual or drug related crimes a rising problem of law enforcement in America today. The growing rate of drug related charges against individuals and crime syndicates reveals an alarming rate of arrests in the past five years."

Tags:drugs, crime, america

Abstract
This paper firstly discusses the state of organized crime in Russia, its spread around the world, barriers to prosecution and other related issues. It continues to trace the history of Russian organized crime, identifies the types of criminal activity and areas of business penetration achieved by the Russian Mafia. It also explores the movement of Russian organized crime to the United States and other nations. In conclusion, the author expands on the legal implications of prosecuting these criminals.

From the Paper
"Organized crime is seen by Gennadii Khokhriakov as ranked second only after war in terms of the danger that it poses to society. Indeed the Ninth United Nations Conference on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of ..."

Tags:organized crime, Russia, oligarchs, international cooperation

Abstract
This paper examines a series of topics - gun control, age of sentencing, capital punishment, education and punishment of a crime - from the competing liberal/conservative points-of-view. These points of view are then, in turn, applied to the controversial topic of youth crime and what is to be done to stanch its spread. Ultimately, the paper argues that both sides have some of the answers - but not all of them.

From the Paper
"Youth crime and punishment has long been a serious controversy in America, not least of all because a perception exists - at least in some quarters - that youthful criminals are not treated severely enough by the justice system. The following paper will examine five topics - gun control, age of sentencing, capital punishment, education for criminals and punishment for the commission of a crime - and provide both the liberal and conservative side of the issue. What should emerge is a recognition that both sides present compelling arguments in favor of their position - and that both sides do not have all the answers. With that in mind, it is to a discussion of the aforementioned topics that this paper now turns. Gun control is a very serious issue that is made more serious by the fact that guns are readily accessible to young people."

Tags:youth, crime, punishment