Abstract The pace of economic and political change in China has been very rapid, for both have shifted into what seems to be an ongoing expansion into a capitalist system. This paper shows that, since the early reforms, a new class of wealthy and prosperous Chinese has emerged, not to mention the great growth of the Chinese middle class, which is now comparable to that in the United States. By exploring some aspects of its long and violent past, especially those that took place in the later years of the 20th century, the paper shows how China has also changed from a socialist society that restricted private lives and affairs to a consumer society with increased economic freedom and individual participation.
From the Paper "Beginning in 1964, China secretly initiated a crash industrialization program that was originally intended as a backup for any kind of military strike by the United States or the Soviet Union. Because much of China's industry was then concentrated on the Pacific coast, the leaders endorsed a highly-centralized investment plan to erect new industrial facilities in remote regions of the country. By 1971, this military-industrial program absorbed the majority of China's investments and eventually relocated existing factories from the coast and created a heavy industrial system that was able to produce every conceivable piece of military equipment. Surprisingly, the turmoil associated with the Cultural Revolution did not highly affect this industrial program, for in reality, it surged ahead by starting "many projects before the planning was complete and scattering many new facilities in remote valleys to protect them from air attack" (Hsu 184)."
A look at India's development from as early as the 3rd millennium and how other nations and civilizations often imposed their rule on India. The primary focus of the paper is on how British rule in India continues to effect modern Indian politics.
3,960 words (approx. 15.8 pages), 6 sources, 2001, $ 107.95
Abstract In this paper the author examines how British rule has made an impact on Indian politics. Making comparison to Abdullah Hussein's characters in "Weary Generations", the author suggests that British rule, in modern Indian politics, continues to be "an unhappy marriage that still is not broken". The second section of the paper discusses political institutions in contemporary India and their relevance, whilst the third section looks at Indian ancient civilization which the author suggests has led to a modernday philosophy of non-violence, religious tolerance. The paper concludes with a look at democracy in India as compared to that in China and Japan.
From the paper:
?The English made many external changes that led to the Indian people's desire and ability to become their own unified country. Although unification may never have happened without the influence of the British, it was the Indians themselves that eventually achieved their unity. The British could not completely unify India.?
Abstract This paper discusses the perceptions of moderndayChina, Japan and Korea. The paper essentially argues that the misconceived notions that China, Japan and Korea are not modern countries is related to the fact that they were isolationist towards the west and because they did not follow the European modernization concept.
From the Paper "The relationship between China, Korea and Japan with the West is both complicated and filled with misconceptions. The largest misconception about China, Korea and Japan in the West is that these countries have followed isolationist foreign policies. For example, in "China Attempts to Soften Its One-Child Policy" Jessica Bernman suggests that China had isolated itself from the rest of the world and is just now beginning to open its borders (Bernman 567). Japan has also been thought of as a country that had isolated itself from the world for centuries (Toby 6)."
Abstract This paper presents a review of the book, "Wages of Crime: BlackMarkets, Illegal Finance and the Underworld Economy" by R.T. Naylor, and a review of an essay by Bruce Bagley entitled, "Globalization, Weak States and International Organized Crime". Both works discuss the increasing globalization of crime and how government offices are attempting to deal with the problem.
From the Paper "He later argues that two assumptions of the current war on drugs: (1) that cartels are "goose-stepping" across the world stage, and (2) that globalization has been a godsend to international crime, are false. He argues throughout the book that organized crime has always been part of society, and that "globalization" as a term means nothing more than the "process that began as far back as Marco Polo; it is the process by which information about trade spreads across national and international frontiers, and goods and money soon follow" (Naylor, 2002; 5): under this definition, he argues, globalization has not eased the criminals? lot, rather, the organizations just continue as they ever did."
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that Sir Robert Peel is credited for laying the groundwork for modernday policing with the creation of nine basic principles in the early 1800s of London. The writer points out that Peel created the first structured police department in London with the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829 in Parliament. London was considered successful in cutting crime and by 1857, the remaining cities within the United Kingdom were obligated to form their own police forces. The writer discusses that, although society has changed a great deal since the days of Sir Robert Peel, what has not changed is the nine principles used which were developed by Peel in the 1800s and which are considered the basis for modern law enforcement worldwide today. The writer concludes that other principles involving the development of trust between the police and community are the main foundations of the nine principles.
Outline:
Introduction
Sir Robert Peel
Peel's Nine Principles
Society's Diverse Policing Needs
Should Peel's Principles Be Modified?
Conclusion
From the Paper "The community policing concept not only coincides with the first principle but it also agrees with the third and seventh principles. The third principle states that the police must secure the cooperation and respect of the public and basically get them to respect the law. The seventh principle discusses how the police are the public and the public are the police. The seventh principle also mentions that ultimately the police must maintain the public interests at heart. The main concept of community policing is to have police officers be familiar with the communities that they service. A progressive initiative takes this concept to the next level in the City of Chicago known as the Chicago Alternative Policing Strategy or CAPS."
Provides insights into the role of a typical business or market analyst in regard to the world of corporate finance and both public and private investments.
Abstract This report aims to present some ideas that are associated with the role of the moderndaymarket analyst and the influences they wield on corporations, shareholders and stakeholders. The report attempts to examine the specific roles of business and market analysts and presents views on some of the various connections between the analysts's assigned tasks. The report makes use of various approaches to accomplish this goal. One approach is to provide information about reports and equity valuation models and multiples and how they are used to provide insights into an analysis of a business or industry's value or valuation. The report also utilizes market and analyst specific history to demonstrate some influences analysts have had and will continue to have on corporations, shareholders and stakeholders. Another approach is to provide some market history and other associated insights into specific business sectors such as the technology, beverage, electronic and the pharmaceutical sector. These insights are used as specific tools to demonstrate the many manipulative persuasions market analysts can have and the various business results and comparisons they use to influence market direction and investor buying and selling habits.
Introduction
Role of an Analyst
Asset Bubbles
Efficient Market Historical Change For The Analyst
Economic Indicators
Economic Value Added
Cash Value Added
Cash Flow Return on Investment
Industry Data
Results and comparisons
Use of the Analysts information
Conclusion
From the Paper "To understand the historical role of analysts, consider the phenomena called Speculative or Asset Bubbles. Bubbles are an investing event that can be compared to a pride of lions all wanting a piece of a new antelope kill even if there is not enough to be shared. As is very often the case, investors get caught off guard as analysts inherently create bubbles that suddenly burst. These historical events clearly demonstrate the devastating effects analysts can have on the investment community even though they are simply doing their jobs by taking advantage of consumers' greed and or other flaws in the human makeup. "A bubble occurs when investors put so much demand on a stock that they drive the price beyond any accurate or rational reflection of its actual worth, which should be determined by the performance of the underlying company." "
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to introduce and discuss the recurring problem of blackmarkets, focusing on drug trafficking, nuclear weapons and human blackmarkets. It points out the negative aspects with regard to blackmarketing, such as the obvious moral issues and the resulting problems to the community. It also attempts to propose some solutions to the problems of the various blackmarket trades.
From the Paper "Illegal substances have always been a magnet for black market profits. Prohibition failed largely because there was such a lucrative and enormous black market surrounding the manufacture and supply of illegal alcohol. Many family fortunes were made during prohibition, when drinking was made illegal, but people drank anyway. The same thing happens when prices are fixed in an attempt to reduce or regulate consumption."
Abstract The author of this paper examines historical, geographical and religious factors that influenced the development of modernday Iraq. The author contends that within the development of the state of Iraq there are two basic themes of historical continuity from ancient times to the present day: (1) creation and construction of the state (2) the process of economic and social development. Within these two themes there is a constant struggle to come together and to divide. The writer further states that Iraq has had a significant historical struggle with unity, as a result of many centuries of social, economic and political dominance of one group over another, be they ancient rulers or modern "secular" leaders. The paper goes on to examine aspects of that "historical struggle".
From the Paper "From the more general theory, of geography and foreign interferance one must then discuss the ancient conflict between schools of the same faith, Sunni and Shi' Islam have been in constant struggle for power and representation over the years and to this day there is a clear sense that even modern representations of each of these schools are in a constant struggle to have their foundations build the nation and dominate the social and political arena. This point demonstrated well in the ebb and flow of history represented by Hourani, where he points out that the center of what became modern Iraq (Baghdad) is dominated by the Shi and to some degree still is, while the Sunni are frequently underrepresented and living on the fringes. (p. 35) The differences and similarities of these two faiths have driven them to different ends, and has frequently been the source of much conflict among even the most modern inhabitants of the nation, as it is reflected in a constant struggle to divide, and come together through representation and exclusion."
Abstract This paper examines how the term "rhetoric" is used as philosophical advocacy for the validity of knowledge and critical topics concerning public policy. The paper deals with the importance of rhetoric in modern-day proceedings and its influence on governmental processes from decision making by presidents to that of the Congress. It also argues that rhetoric is far removed from reality.
From the Paper "Honestly, however, it can be seen that the political discourses are being aimed to serve other objectives rather than simply put forth a description of real facts. It is evident that the leaders resort to deception, statements of ambiguous nature, and omission of critical issues for fear of contradiction without even taking care of the way the audiences construe their statements. It is therefore, imperative that the political deliberations are not to be taken as an honest account of the real world facts or the account of own visualizations of the speaker but to be analyzed in the perspectives of social objectives that it aims to fulfill."
Abstract This paper analyzes the situation of the modernday mall through the theories and perspectives of Foucault and Baudrillard. The paper relates that the mall selected in particular is the West Edmonton Mall, which is one of the largest malls in the world.
From the Paper "Post-modern day shopping malls have expanded exponentially from the simple strip mall of the past. Malls these days attempt to become tourist attractions, places to visit while on holidays. One such mall of extraordinary size and temptation is the West Edmonton Mall (WEM) in Alberta, Canada. Holding the Guinness Book of World Records largest shopping center in the world, they proclaim themselves the 'WEMiSphere,' on their website, a spin-off from their initials (WEM). It has over 800 stores, 21 movie theatres, a chapel, aquariums, a water-park, miniature golf, over one-hundred eating establishments, and much more. Built in four stages from 1981 to 1998, it spans almost fifty blocks in Edmonton. Clearly, this mall exhibits all criteria necessary to be described as a post-modern mall."
Abstract This paper discusses Andrea Tone's article, "BlackMarket Birth Control: Contraceptive Entrepreneurship and Criminality in the Gilded Age." The paper describes the aim of the article, which is to generate a fuller understanding of the underground movement in birth control in the late 19th and early 20th century. The paper discusses the way that the article is presented and why this approach makes it a successful article and enjoyable to read.
From the Paper "I really enjoyed the personal nature of the article, which not only allowed the piece to come alive instead of being yet another piece of dry historical work, but also really brought the issue to life since these kinds of laws trickle down to the individual, forcing them to make decisions they may have not ordinarily made. The photographs were also helpful in understanding how crude the science of birth control was at the time. Knowing this fact allows the reader to understand two things: first, how without the efforts of these clandestine entrepreneurs the safe and effective devices we have today would not have been invented. And secondly, it helps the audience understand why these laws were put in place to begin with because it illustrates how dangerous and unreliable the contraceptives were."
Abstract This paper studies how China is evolving from the initial hard line Marxist tenants of zero market tolerance to the more humanist objectives that influenced Marx into dissolving all-powerful bourgeois. The paper explains that this ideological evolution to a greater quasi-socialist/capitalist state is the current ideology that should be practiced by China in the new global economy. The paper discusses how by setting controls over markets in China through the State, China can retain some of the tenants of Marxism by applying these measures in economic and policy-based initiatives in the government.
From the Paper "This study will examine the nature of Chinese ideology in the Communist mode in relation to a working model, which can work within an international economic environment. By developing policies that support the power of the state, a set of economic principles can be imparted that create free trade. By applying the principles of cultural and economic openness, China can develop a communist/socialist ideology that can operate within the dominant capitalism that resides in the modern world. The policies of Mao in the early stages of the Chinese communist government reflect a closed economy, which sought to sustain itself through isolation and the interior workforce of China."
Abstract This paper examines transnational crime which has increased since the end of the Cold War fifteen years ago, primarily because the collapse of the Soviet empire provided vast new opportunities for international criminals to traffic more extensively in illegal arms sales and blackmarketeering. The fall of the Soviet Union and its entire economic and security infrastructure has had many consequences. The paper shows that many Russian conventional and nuclear weapons arsenals are no longer secure because the government lacks the funds to provide adequate security staffs, and unemployment is so high that many Russians are engaging in blackmarket activities.
Abstract The following paper discusses the exciting course of the history of one of the world's most prominent and influential countries ? Japan. It examines Japan's days through simple life in the ancient times (Yayoi, Jomon, and Heian periods) to years of civil unrest during the Feudal times, dominated by constant warfare for the position of ultimate power ? shogun. This paper also looks at Japan's culture, her people and her ideology, as time passes into the Meiji restoration. The writer discusses Japan's fierce struggle for global prominence as she tries to expand beyond her tiny island nation onto mainland Asia, only to be sucked into the global conflict of World War II. The writer reflects on the country's vital role in this war, and analyzes her sad defeat and ultimate rebirth out of one of the darkest periods in history. The paper also has a brief summary of Japanese history from the 1970's to the present day.
From the Paper "The Japanese archipelago was first inhabited more than 100,000 years ago, when it still comprised part of the continental Asian land mass. Archaeological discoveries indicate that the ancient people of this time (The Old Stone Age or Paleolithic Age) survived on a very basic diet provided through daily hunting and gathering. The New Stone, or Neolithic age, dating at 10,000 years BC, is characterized by the manufacture of refined stone implements, the development of advanced hunting techniques using bows and arrows, and the production of earthenware containers for cooking and storing food. This age ushered in the Jomon period (around 8000 to 300 BC) so named after the jomon (cord-marked) style of pottery which originated during this time. Agriculture, primarily rice planting, and metalworking techniques were introduced from mainland Asia around 300 BC, towards the end of the period. The native peoples of Japan now began incorporating farming tools, metal weapons and bronze swords, and mirrors into their daily life and culture. The new machinery helped increase agricultural production, mirrors were used in religious rituals, and the newfound weapons helped settle any domestic disputes between rival Japanese tribes."
Abstract This paper analyzes the rapid pace of economic and political change in China, explaining that both have shifted into was seems to be an on-going expansion into a capitalist system. The paper contends that, since all of the early reforms, a new class of wealthy and prosperous Chinese has emerged, not to mention the great growth of the Chinese middle class, which is now comparable to that in the United States. The paper describes how China has changed from a socialist society that restricted private lives and affairs to a consumer society with increased economic freedom and individual participation.
From the Paper "A second influence from China's past that continues to manifest itself in contemporary Chinese politics is the influence of what is known as guanxi, ?a network of patron/client ties that stretch from the top to the bottom of the Chinese political hierarchy.? 4 This concept clearly reveals that such connections can be explained in terms of the relationship between the major figures and the secondary/tertiary figures in the Chinese political system. With this in mind, the Cultural Revolution is a splendid example of Mao's manipulation of the guanxi system and his elimination of his rivals, such as Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping. Interestingly enough, the obvious failure of Hua Guofeng to bring about his position as Mao's successor between 1977 and 1979 can be traced to his somewhat lacking guanxi connections within the party/state hierarchy; in contrast, Deng Xiaoping who possessed a very wide and complex guanxi network quickly took over as the leader of China following the death of Mao Tse-tung."
