Abstract This article offers a discussion of the two creation stories in the Genesis book of the Bible. In this paper, the writer compares and contrasts the two versions. The writer discusses their similarity to creation stories of other religions. The writer examines the two varying creation myths and attempts to identify reasons for the different creation stories appearing in the same source.
From the Paper "The purpose of this research is to compare and contrast the two creation stories that appear in the book of Genesis. The plan of the research is to set forth the basic components of each of the stories and then discuss ways in which the pattern of ideas contained in each resonates with the other, with a view toward identifying reasons grounded in theology for which two disparate creation myths might be deliberately included in a single scripture source. Anybody who does not have a religious background ... "
Abstract In this article, the writer firstly defines creationism as a system of belief that maintains that humans, the earth, and the universe were created by a supreme being or deity. The writer explains that creationists believe in a god who is absolute creator of heaven and earth, out of nothing, by an act of free will. The writer then examines the history of creationism.
From the Paper "Creationism is generally defined as a belief system which holds that human beings, the earth, and the universe were created by a supreme being or deity, either ex nihilo or from preexisting chaos. Many Creationists consider their beliefs to be compatible with science, explain that certain scriptural accounts of creation should be interpreted as metaphors, or believe that scientific laws and mechanisms were created by supernatural intervention."
Abstract This eleven-page paper uses four creation accounts from different cultures. These are: Australia, Africa, the Algonquin Indian, and Japan. Certain aspects are found to be common to all, and there are some major differences.
Abstract This paper attempts to discuss, in a non-judging manner, creationism and evolutionary thought. The paper reviews the theory and scientific facts of evolution. Then the paper extrapolates on the creationists' theory of Intelligent Design.
From the Paper "As humankind continues to move forward into the future, it also searches the past to reveal what the past can teach it in an effort to understand where life-kind as a whole is going. In some cases people..."
Abstract This paper explains that the discussion of creation science is inherently highly controversial because it seeks the mantle of scientific prestige for what many consider not to be science at all. The author demonstrates that such claims, or such questions, have a millennia-old tradition within the West, extending back at least to the writings on medicine by Hippocrates.
From the Paper "If people, who were interested in teaching the biblical version of God'secretion of Adam and Eve, referred to this story as the biblical version of the creation of Adam and Eve, very few people could object There is most certainly a book referred to as the ..."
Tags: Hippocrates, Creation Science, science, medicine
This paper discusses the topic of monstrosity in Mary Shelley's 'Frankenstein' and looks at the impending catastrophe inherent in modern science and technology.
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that Mary Shelley's 'Frankenstein' is a highly prescient work that anticipates the nature of the new technology that was emerging in the wake of the industrial revolution. The nature of this new technology was to challenge the natural order, and this is symbolized through Victor Frankenstein mimicking the function of the Creator. The writer points out that Shelley wishes to convey the horror inherent in this act. The writer maintains that what is created is a monstrosity, and the consequence is doom, for both creator and creation. The novel is also the first example of science fiction, a genre that continues to examine the relationship between man and technology. This essay examines the novel intricately in the light of this theme. It follows the steps in which the naive view of science leads on the creation of monstrosity. It then examines why it is a monstrosity, and spells out the full consequences.
From the Paper "Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is clearly a cautionary tale that spells the moral and sociological implications of the philosophy of the Enlightenment. There is a tendency to limit the theme of the novel to science, and thereby to ignore the underlying philosophy. But the scientist is only encouraged, or discouraged, by the social and philosophical milieu in which he exists. In this sense the rise of modern science must be properly attributed to the philosophy of Enlightenment, that which believed in the infinite perfectibility of man through the strict practice of reason. If experimental philosophy is one expression of this philosophy, then philosophic individualism is another. This latter philosophy maintains that the human being is intrinsically free, and therefore his nature is ultimately good, which also implies that it is devoid of evil. Apparent evil only reflects the constraints of man as a social being."
Tags:creation being anarchism, horror, naive, scientist
Abstract The paper discusses William Godwin's major work, "An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice", which is an early elucidation of the political theory of anarchism. The paper defines anarchism and then compares this work to Marx's "Capital" and "The Communist Manifesto". The paper explores why William Godwin's work has had less public exposure and popularity than either of Marx's works.
From the Paper "While Karl Marx has become a famous thinker and philosopher through the wide dissemination of his two major works, Capital and The Communist Manifesto, a much lesser known figure has also contributed substantially to the perennial dialogue of radical political philosophies, and this man and his work is worthy of deeper analysis. This writer is William Godwin (1756-1836), who was nearly a contemporary of Marx and in his own way equally radical, yet significantly divergent in his thought. Godwin may be best known for having married the writer Mary Wollstonecraft, a groundbreaking feminist thinker in her own day, and for being the father of Mary Shelley of Frankenstein fame. Godwin's major work, An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice (1793) is an early elucidation of the political theory of anarchism, and is worth analyzing in terms of the similarities it shares with Marx's communism (Landry, para 16)."
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that Hedley Bull wrote 'The Anarchical Society: A Study of Order in World Politics' thirty years ago; that was nearly twenty-five years before the September 11, 2001 attacks in the U.S. brought down the World Trade Center and changed the political climate worldwide. The writer discusses that nevertheless, what he wrote in this book in 1977 - and in other books and articles - is considered highly germane and pertinent to today's world order. The writer points out that scholars who have written about Bull's work have provided a variety of approaches to the value and tone of Bull's offering. This paper reviews and summarizes Bull's book, and provides insights from scholars who always seem to have heady comments and analysis when it comes to commenting on Bull's research and narrative.
From the Paper "Bull is the kind of intellect and author who likes to break subjects down into categories; and albeit not all of his categories are neat little compartments, he does try to bring his reader to a point of understanding through a king of grouping and common sense explanations. On page 16 he brings his first chapter to a close - after discussing what he means by states, society of states and system of states - by setting out the three goals that societies are seeking to meet (or should be seeking to obtain) and sustain in this international order he describes. This is always instructive to the reader, as being able to anticipate what the author is tackling alerts a head's up consciousness."
Tags: sovereignty, states, independence, international, system
Abstract This paper examines the history and folklore behind the creation story of the Chiricahua Apache. The creation story is presented to the reader, and is referenced throughout the paper. The history of the Apache is discussed, including where and how they lived, their connection to the land and how the creation story would influence their day-to-day decisions. According to this paper, their religion was central to all aspects of their lives, their behavior and means of survival. Their interaction with the white population, whether violent, or friendly, can all be traced back to their belief in their own creation story.
From the Paper "By the beginning of the 17th century the Chiricahua Apache had achieved, from what can be determined from the archaeological record, a relatively settled way of life. They grew corn as well as other crops such as beans ? although there were certainly still semi-nomadic groups. Their joint dependence on agriculture and nomadic food collection and herding may have been due to the sporadic nature of rainfall in the Southwest. Nomadicism is a rational response during a year in which there is not enough rainfall."
Tags: ritual, kamalapukwia, sakarakaamche, amjakupooka, water, ancestors, land
Abstract This paper discusses the influences of big industrialists such as Rockefeller, Carnegie, and other big bosses of the trust that led to the creation of the United States Federal Reserve Bank (also known as the Fed). The paper then further discusses their role in the creation of the Fed in the early 1900s. It particularly discusses how their influence resulted in their financial power on the corporate, governmental and institutional level in the United States, as well as on a global basis.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Introduction
I. The Panic Of 1907
II. Jekyll Island
III. Rockefeller's Role In The Creation Of The Fed
IV. Carnegie's Role In The Creation Of The Fed
Summary And Conclusion
From the Paper "It is clear that Carnegie and Rockefeller money was invested in the motivating and directing forces of the establishment of the Federal Reserve System. The discovery made in the research of this subject leads to the discovery of some very sinister political ties which existed between these two named wielders of financial power on the corporate, governmental and institutional level in the United States as well as on a global basis. This power moves throughout the entire scheme of history and continues to move in today's world events. The New Standard Encyclopedia states of the Federal Reserve System that: "After World War I, the Federal Reserve System followed various policies designed to increase the supply of bank credit. It was believed that the economic growth of the country required such measures, but some authorities now think that these policies contributed to the 1928 stock market boom and collapse." (New Standard Encyclopedia, Vol. 3 Chicago Press, 1984) Certainly the Carnegie and Rockefeller Foundations are both still active in today's world through the many funding programs of each which leads one to further considerations in study in pursuit of obtaining knowledge of the powers that have shaped the historical development of the United States government and policies."
Abstract This paper relates that creationists reject the scientific theories regarding the origin of life, the origin of the human species, the geologic history of the earth, the formation of the solar system and the origin of the universe. The author points out that a second kind of creationism, "creational spirituality", holds that, rather than theory, awe is the appropriate response to the unfathomable wonder of creation. The paper also explains that Neo-Creationists want to allow the Bible to be one of the choices of theories that are given to school children in public schools as to how the earth was formed and mankind came into being.
From the Paper "A wave of Revivalism swept the South to counteract Modernism and Intellectualism. There was conflict between the liberals and the conservatives in society, between the Evolutionists and the Fundamentalists. Things came to a head in the small town of Dayton, Tennessee, when John Scopes, a high school biology teacher, was tried for teaching the theory of evolution. The trial was widely covered by the most famous broadcasters in the nation. In the trial, also called the "Scopes Monkey Trial," it was decided that it would be legal to teach evolution in the public schools."
Abstract This paper notes that humanity has searched for the means and the language to explain and comprehend the creation of the universe since its own beginnings. The paper also explains that both Hesiod and Homer responded to this need to explore the origination of the world and mankind through their respective oral and literary traditions. The paper then goes on to discuss how Hesiod's "Theogony" and Ovid's "The Creation" both relate to formulating understandings of the creation of the cosmos, and notes their similarities and differences.
From the Paper "Hesiod's Theogony stands at the beginning of European literary tradition--written between 800 and 600 BCE. His three major works of poetry were assembled synonymously with those of Homer (Lamberton 1). He remains as one of the four mythic bards who are recognized as a "source of Greek tradition" (Lamberton 1). Despite his humble origins as a Boetian peasant (Lamberton 8), Hesiod's account of the origins of the universe is said to be one of many, but its survival and later influence over authors such as Ovid speak to the value placed upon it by later authors (Lamberton 12). "
Abstract This paper describes the Catholic creation myth and how it is a sacred narrative that explains the order of the world. It explains the purpose of the creation myth and then focuses on the creation myth of the Eucharist. The paper discusses the powerful symbolism of the creation myth of the Eucharist and its meaning for Catholics and Catholicism.
From the Paper "The creation myth of the Eucharist pervades the lives of all Catholics, and provides the basis for worship that brings Jesus to Catholicism in his earthly form as a means of re-enacting the vision and seeing the presence of Jesus Christ on earth at all times. The creation myth is the means of bringing Jesus to earth for Catholics, and is the source of the of the most positive, moral and holy aspect of the Catholic faith. The creation myth provides fundamental rituals that unify and elevate Catholics in the creation of sacred time through the re-enactment of the creation myth, and most of all allows Catholics to give thanks."
Abstract This research compares and contrasts the creation myths of Babylonia (En?ma Elish) and the Judeo-Christian tradition (Genesis) through a discussion of the pattern of ideas in each creation myth and how they relate historically to each religion. The paper tells the creation stories as related in these myths and compares how they impacted the religious belief systems of those particular religions, and others closely related to them.
From the Paper "The creation story of En? ma Elish--named for the first words of the story, "When above" or "When on high"-- predates the Genesis version of creation by an estimated 500 years, having been dated at 1950 BC. The earliest written Semitic sources, which survive as fragments of various Old Testament books, have been dated at the fourteenth century BC (Babylonia). According to Senior (RG2-3), Genesis was composed around 1000 BC and gives an account of events and personalities flourishing from a period roughly equivalent to the time of the En?ma Elish, 1850 to 1250 BC, the estimated period of the narrative events. However, the written Hebrew record corresponds to a strong and highly consistent oral tradition among the Hebrew generations (Senior RG6)."
Abstract This paper explains that the two basic theories about the origin of human life are evolution (or Darwinism) and creationism about which there are conflicting opinions as to which theory is correct and which theory should be taught in schools. Some people feel that creationism and evolution should both be discussed in the classroom and presented as equally valid theories. The author points out that many people feel that it is inappropriate to be teaching creationism in public school classrooms because it is religious doctrine, which is not appropriate under the Constitution of the United States that separates church and state. The paper concludes that both theories should be presented in the classroom as opposing but not necessarily mutually exclusive explanations for the origin of humanity.
From the Paper "A large percentage of Americans, including many teachers, believe that creationism is a more valid theory than evolution. A study in 1996 found that most American completely reject the idea that evolution is the origin of humans. Another survey conducted in 2000 found that nearly 40 percent of Americans believe that creationism should be taught instead of evolution in the classroom, and many believe that evolution should be outright banned from the classroom. Further studies show that half of all Americans and Canadians do not consider evolution to be a valid scientific concept. Many have not been convinced by the scientific evidence with which they have been presented, and believe that evolution is scientifically unfounded."
