Abstract
This paper explains that, by schooling low-ability pupils and high-ability pupils together, the low-ability pupils may wrongly come to understand their position in the hierarchy as a reflection of individual worth and most often do even worse academically than before. The author points out that many European schools do not employ tracking and yet their students as a rule perform better than American students. The paper stresses that, if a child runs into problems, only a careful analysis of his own personal case can ever hope to resolve the difficulties rather than imposing a core curriculum that is the same for every child.

From the Paper
"Nor will dividing an individual class into ability groups necessarily alter relative performance. This method, while having the advantage of keeping the students together at least on a social level, still divides them when it comes to learning. If the teaching method used with each group is identical, the division into groups will only benefit that group for whom the teaching method is most suited. A "head start" reading program in pre-school for example, will benefit high-ability students but will likely do nothing for low-ability students who need more attention or cannot keep up with the pace. At the same time, students who flunk out of such a program will then be behind their peers. In other words instead of being on the "fast track," they will be on the road to underachievement. Once a bad apple, always a bad apple."

Tags:character, low-ability, high-ability, mathematics, research

Abstract
This paper proves the thesis that courtly love democratizes relationships. Using Geoffrey Chaucer's "The Franklin Tales" the writer details by example the ways that man and woman become equal through the act of courting.

Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that Hennessy currently targets young African-American men. The writer points out that a smaller aspect of the campaign is targeted at young African-American women. In both cases, the target audience is urban and professional. The writer maintains that the lynch pins of this campaign are the successful hip-hop performers who have taken a liking to cognac. This essay examines the means by which Hennessy has created a desire for their products among young, urban, African-American professionals.

From the Paper
"This being the case, the campaign's style has kept close to what is already seen among the self-made performers: photo spreads of carefully groomed, well-heeled African-American men. The pictures are distinctly glamorous, sometimes even iconic, yet always masculine, as whisky is a traditionally male drink and hip-hop is a male-dominated form of music. The masculinity of the photos is always balanced with requisite elegance.
"This is because the hip-hop artists who have been popularizing Hennessy's products have become more and more interested in elegance since they hit the big time. Compare Snoop Dogg's original gangster/jock look from the time his became mainstream viewing."

Tags:market, target, hip-hop, whisky

Abstract
A true piece of art in short story form includes subjects that have their own individual characteristics, settings that seem real, a plot that can be understood, with a point of view, while the story has conflict and tension and bringing the crisis to a climax, and finally, the resolution definitely takes a lot of work. Yet, I can see the beginning of my work and now, I take pride in my creative work.

From the Paper
"Creating a short story would have seemed impossible a few weeks ago. Creating a work of art with artistic form has been an exciting learning experience. At the beginning of this class, often the words to a piece of writing often did not sound right and they did not have the true sense of a creative process. Creating a short story from beginning to end with it being entertaining and easy to read has been a challenge. A true piece of art in short story form includes subjects that have their own individual characteristics, settings that seem real, a plot that can be understood, with a point of view, while the story has conflict and tension and..."

Tags:creative, process, short story

Abstract
This paper explores the background and doctrine of modern Daoism by taking a look at how the religion has been modified at various times throughout history. The paper lists the factors that resulted in modern Daoism, and elaborates on each of these reasons in paragraphs that follow. An in-depth history of the religion is presented, highlighting major theological figures and writings. Various Daoist practices are also described along with the changes they have undergone over time. The paper concludes by stating that in times of hope Daoism retained its custom and stabilized; in times of hardship and suppression the religion changed thoroughly and developed along with new beliefs and practices.

From the Paper
"Similar to many other religions, Daoism also has many followers that dispersed and popularized the belief. During the period of Philosophical Daoism, antiquity to the 2nd century, Daoism existed neither as a definite religion nor a structured philosophy until philosophers imposed their ideas. The most significant book was the Dao de Jing written by LaoZi, it describes the "Way and its Power" which organized Daoist beliefs. Another text was the Zhuang Zi by Master Zhuang, which emphasizes the concept of a "True person" and wu-wei (non-action); the text as well attracted many people with minimal knowledge of Daoism seeking to comprehend Daoist beliefs in an easily interpreted sage's viewpoint. The third important text was the NeiYe which described trainings that align one's qi or breath with the cosmic energy to "attain the Dao". After the 2nd century, Daoist movements begun to emerge and decentralize, resulting in countless sects and radical changes."

Tags:Taoism, China, LaoZi, temples, monks

Abstract
A critical examination of how the articulations in the Declaration of Independence present only a partial case for human equality, especially with reference to slavery and the attitudes of the founders toward Native Americans.

From the Paper
"When Thomas Jefferson composed the Declaration of Independence and asserted the equality of all humanity and the universal entitlement to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, he appears to have envisioned manumission of slaves as a matter of policy--though of course, famously not personal preference. It was not the slaveholder Jefferson who was to free his slaves even at his death, in that distinction belonged to George Washington. Even so, an early draft of the Declaration complains of George III's encouragement of the slave trade as the waging..."

Tags:equality, Enlightenment, slavery, abolition

Abstract
From a Marxist perspective, contemporary multinational corporations are now poised as the dominant institution working in concert with the government. Putting forth the fast food industry as an exemplar of these dominant institutions, this paper examines the ways that corporations contribute to social stratification. The paper details how individualism legitimizes the negative impact of fast food industry, deflecting responsibility from the corporations to the consumer. It also shows how, given structural inequality, however, choice is not equally accessible to everyone.

From the Paper
"Much has been said in recent years about the evils of the fast food industry. The McDonalds' of the world have endured criticism for their advertising techniques, nutritionally suspect products, negative environmental impact, and the list goes on. Without a doubt, public concern is warranted, however, much of the fast food debate has been overly industry specific, overshadowing the larger patterns of corporate irresponsibility in our advanced capitalist society. In theory and in practice, the leaders of the fast food industry epitomize multinational corporations in form and function as the latest incarnation of capitalist power. These organizations and their counterparts in other industries have joined if not surpassed the government as the dominant cultural institution. As such, their primary objective is to accumulate capital, an insatiable pursuit that exacts a hefty cost from society at large."

Tags:capitalism, corporations, domination, exploitation, hegemony, ideology, legitimation, marx, mcdonalds

Abstract
This paper discusses animal rights causes. The author examines issues of animal equality and speciesism, and refutes arguments made by anti-animal rights groups.

From the Paper
"Getting animals to have basic rights is still a long ways away, but every little bit counts. As the animal rights movement becomes even more mainstream in the next 10 to 20 years, the idea that animals have some sort of rights will be commonplace (future speak 56). Americans have seen this social trend in many different ways. Common ideas today, like recycling and organic foods used to be uncommon, but today there are health food stores around every corner and recycling bins in every cafeteria. Once consumers take hold of the animal rights movement it will move along at a much quicker pace. Companies that believe animal rights activism will increase their sales, will be forced to conform. The most important question to remember about animals though, as Jeremy Bentham pointed out, is not "can they reason" or "can they talk" but, can they suffer?(Ryder 39)"

Tags:animal, rights, equal, kill, legal, law, fair

Abstract
The author of this paper surmises that there may be a deliberate intent in the popular portrayal of the Frankenstein tale as a simplistic, entertaining horror story, in order to avoid drawing people's attention to the underlying theme of the book. The author claims in his paper that, rather than Victor Frankenstein, it is actually society that was responsible for transforming this intelligent and compassionate creation into a detested, murdering monster (by abuse and rejection of those individuals who happen to be 'unconventional').

From the Paper
"Mary Shelley s Frankenstein does indeed contain a monster, but its identity is open to debate. Victor Frankenstein s creation, who is generally considered to be the monster, is actually an individual who was born with a natural inclination towards intelligence, kindness and love but, through his abandonment by his father figure, the rejection by those he meets, and the prejudiced and inhuman treatment he receives from society, the creation grows increasingly miserable, isolated, lonely and outcast. If the creation is to be considered a monster, then it was made so by society, both directly through its own actions and indirectly through the socialized actions of Victor Frankenstein. Society, with its unhealthy emphasis on the values of beauty, normality and conformity, and in its discriminatory, prejudiced and uncaring treatment of those who are unwilling, or unable to meet these expectations, is solely responsible for the creation of Frankenstein s monster ."

Tags:De, Lacey, creation

From the Paper
"The stock market saw significant increases during the 1990s, and the New Economy and "dot com" companies also changed the way that workers are compensated for their contributions to organizations. Increased numbers of individuals began participating in the stock market either directly or through their retirement and pension funds, and Internet stocks in particular garnered headlines as "Internet millionaires" were created through stock options given to employees who benefited when companies were taken public. However, many of these individuals did not realize their gains in cash, but rather only on paper, although it changed their overall net worth nonetheless. This research examines the wealth created by the stock market and how that wealth has affected consumer behavior, companies in general, and ..."