Abstract
This eight-page undergraduate academic research paper examines and analyzes Old West cowboys and nineteen-sixties American Hippies in terms of shared values such as individualism, shared contemporary perceptions, and a mutual rejection of their respective establishments.

Tags:cowboys, hippies, comparison

Abstract
This paper examines how planning, controlling, organizing, and leading are the four management functions that every organization needs to manage to achieve its goals. It looks at how one organization that has had significant problems in the past is the Dallas Cowboys and how the goal of the Dallas Cowboys is to become a championship team, with a dependency on the management of the organization as much as on performance on the field. It assesses the organization by looking at both positive and negatives aspects in order to make recommendations on what the Dallas Cowboys need to do to become a championship team again.

From the Paper
"One of the major problems that the Dallas Cowboys have had in recent years is the bad image the team has received because of players being involved in off-field incidents. These off-field incidents include claims of rape, assault and drug use. In addition, players have been suspended because of drug use. These incidents create two major problems. Firstly, players can be lost through either suspension or through going to jail over rape and assault incidents. This limits the organization's ability to manage the organizing function, which refers to assigning tasks and allocating resources. For the Dallas Cowboys to win a championship, the major resource they need is the players of their team. If the team does not have reliable players that they know will be available this creates a level of uncertainty that makes it difficult to organize the team. This suggests that the organization could have problems attracting good players and retaining them."

Tags:planning, controlling, organizing, leading

Abstract
This paper reviews Elmer Kelton's (1971) "The Days the Cowboys Quit". A western or 'oater', this book is also a remarkable tale of class struggle and the brief years in which 'cowboys' really rode the range.

Abstract
The movie "Space Cowboys" can be critically analysed by using both the theories of semiotics and that of ideology. Each of these theories allows us a different perspective on the movie. We will look at the movie from the perspectives of these two theories, firstly be defining the theory and secondly by applying it to the movie. In conclusion, it will be shown that the theory of ideology is not only relevant to the movie, but also reflects the very purpose of the movie.

From the paper:

"Semiotics is defined as the study of signs. It focuses on the relationship between signifier, signified and sign. (Abercrombie 373) In Questions concerning faculties claimed for man, Peirce discusses signs. Peirce?s basic idea is that signs are the universal medium between human minds and the world. A sign has the meaning that society gives it. This shared nature of signs means that they do not necessarily represent truth. The focus of analysis then should be on how the sign is interpreted, not on the truth behind it. It is the way it is interpreted that tells us something about society, rather than the sign telling us some universal truth. We can view semiotics then, as a critical tool that provides us with information about society. "

Tags:society, tool, visual, material, viewer, interpretation, technology, skills, explorer, team, values

Abstract
This paper explains that the cowboy ("vaqueros", Spanish,which evolved from the root word, "vaca" meaning cow) was first introduced in 1598 in the United States then known as the New Mexico Kingdom. The author points out that the American cowboys of the late 1800's trail drives came from Anglo-Saxon, Celtic and Gaelic roots in the British Isles thus their distinctive lingo was based generally on the English language; their poems and songs are a part of the old tradition of balladry, the modern form of which is called western music. The paper relates that modern cowboys are still working in comfortable homes with their families, use advanced technology and husbandry in working cattle, use horses on the range but trucks are more common and helicopters and airplanes are used to supplement horses in herding cattle

From the Paper
"Equestrians, mounted horsemen, date back to 4000 B.C. and can be seen in Mesolithic representations of halters on domesticated horses. Archaeological evidence of horsemen in Spain can be found in rock art dating before 2000 B.C. and "in fragments of Celtic weapons, horseshoes, bridle bits and prick spurs by 500 B.C.." Other evidence from this same era include "bent-knee riders in saddles of concave silhouette" that appear in Iberian stone carvings, bronze castings, and vase paintings. During the Middle Ages, mounted herdsmen were a frequent fixture on the semi-arid lands of Spain, but rare in many other European countries, such as England and France."

Tags:balladry, mesolithic, spanish, husbandry, rodeo

Abstract
This paper talks about the theme found throughout all of Kramer's books and takes a special look at how "The Last Cowboy" also reflects that theme. In particular, the paper stresses that Kramer's books talk about the reaction in the U.S. to the collapse of the promise of the "American dream", a dream with which many still identify with, but fewer come to actually put in practice and live out.

From the Paper
"Jane Kramer's works, both her books and the articles she has published, somewhat reflect the American reality as it is perceived by Europe and the Europeans she spends much of her time with. In many ways, the United States are a different matter for the Europeans, who will never be able to understand the logic of the Electoral College, with the mess it can lay out such as it has in 2000, or "understanding the fuss over Monica Lewinsky" . "

Tags:moral, dilemma, accelerated, industrialization, change, information, revolution, radical, extremist, militias

Abstract
The paper examines Van Sant's presentation of each of the main characters in his film, "Drugstore Cowboy", and highlights how he portrays the lives of drug addicts in a neutral stance. The paper opines that this film is an accurate, realistic portrayal of the dangers of heavy drug use and the difficulties many face when attempting to end their addiction.

From the Paper
"The film Drugstore Cowboy is directed by Gus Van Sant and stars Matt Dillon, Kelly Lynch, James LeGros, and Heather Graham. It portrays the lives of drug addicts in a neutral stance. It is a fairly accurate depiction of the effects drugs can have on one's life without getting caught up in the drug hysteria that so often populates movies of this vein. While Van Sant glorifies Bob and Diane (Matt Dillon and Kelly Lynch), he counters this glamorization by presenting them as diseased people with a serious problem. Van Sant makes it clear to the audience that these are not controlled users; however, he refrains from making judgments about their characters. Finally, he concludes the movie by implying that it is nearly impossible to quit using hard drugs once one has begun."

Tags:drugs, overdose, addiction

Abstract
This is an argumentative paper that contends the 1989 film of the novel "Drugstore Cowboy," directed by Gus Van Sant, is more compelling than the book, based on the film's use of sound and color and a more palpable experience than reading the novel.

From the Paper
"The novel Drugstore Cowboy was written by a drug abuser who spent most of his life in jail, James Fogle. In both the novel and the film of it directed by Gus Van Sant we are treated to the lives and travels off our drug abusers whose lives ..."

Tags:drugs, hope, despair, novels, movies, addiction, abuse, death

Abstract
This paper analyzes the western cowboys and American hippies in their quest for individualism.

Tags:western, cowboys, hippies

Abstract
The main characters in James Fogle's "Drugstore Cowboy" subscribe, to various degrees, to what might be called "The Junkie Philosophy." For the bulk of the book, the characters, especially ringleaders Bob and Diane, live their lives with one object in mind--acquiring and taking drugs, especially the high quality drugs located in pharmacies, which they rob. The paper shows that all other activity is insignificant in comparison. They live for drugs. The paper shows that within that fixation on drugs, however, there is indeed a philosophy of sorts which includes a world view, a set of attitudes and behaviors that the characters adopt as expressions of that world view and a sense of higher purpose which is achieved through the exercise of that philosophy.

From the Paper
"This philosophy is not a crude one with respect to drugs, but includes a connoisseur's refined appreciation for individual drugs and for the interrelationships of different drugs as they react in the junkie's body and brain. Each addict finds what gives him or her the most pleasure, but for each of them the heart and soul of the junkie philosophy is the experience of becoming and being high. Without that high, there would be no junkie philosophy."

Tags:neophyte, Nadine