Abstract
Referring to Dr. Adams' book, the writer discusses that covert incest should not be confused with overt incest, which is the direct and physical occurrence of sexual abuse within a household. Instead, covert incest is much less direct. The writer describes that it is commonly found in families where one parent does not actively participate in everyday family affairs. In turn, this provides an opportunity for the other parent to feel neglected and to run to one of their children for emotional support. The writer examines how as a result, the child is made a "surrogate spouse" to the troubled parent. In this article, the writer discusses Dr. Adams views on this issue in his book "Silently Seduced: When Parents Make Children Their Partners".

From the Paper
"Dr. Kenneth M. Adams, author of Silently Seduced: When Parents Make Children Their Partners, is a clinical psychologist who resides in Michigan. He specializes in working with children and adults who are products of alcoholic or dysfunctional families. He has written articles concerning covert incest, sexual addiction, and adult children. He spends most of his time traveling to different states to lecture and provide consultation in his areas of specialization. In his account of covert incest, Adams describes "the silent seduction covert incest victims experience and its effects on their sexuality, intimacy and relationships."

Tags:addiction, abuse, seduced, sexual

Abstract
The paper reviews "The CIA's Black Ops: Covert Action, Foreign Policy, and Democracy" that was written by John Jacob Nutter and published by Prometheus Books in 1999. The paper posits that this book is especially pertinent in this age of terrorism and endangered democracy in the United States, for it deals with fundamental concerns about the CIA and emphasizes key points such as the incompatibility of covert operations with democracy, the inevitability of blowback, and the recognized need for CIA black ops.

From the Paper
""The CIA's Black Ops: Covert Action, Foreign Policy, and Democracy" was written by John Jacob Nutter and published by Prometheus Books in 1999. This book is especially pertinent in this age of terrorism and endangered democracy in the United States, for it deals with fundamental concerns about the CIA and emphasizes key points such as the incompatibility of covert operations with democracy, the inevitability of blowback, and the recognized need for CIA black ops."

Tags:cia, black, ops

Abstract
This paper provides an overview of Lochrie's book, how it is organized, the evidential sources used by the author, and an assessment of how the book was received critically. The book's placement in the context of class is followed by biographical information about the author. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.

From the Paper
"From both feminist and poststructuralist perspectives, human sexuality has increasingly come to be seen not as biological but as a cultural construction, subject to fashioning and redefinition under pressure from social forces and juridico-political power (Nederman & True 1996). According to Carolyn Dinshaw (1999), gender violation, or the violation of active-passive roles, underwrites the condemnation of female sex acts without men as the worst problem among humankind; the hierarchical importance of gender over sexuality found in the castigation of female perversion is consistent with other representations of female-female homoeroticism found in the long literary tradition from Artemidorus to Ptolemy to Caelius Aurelianus to Cino da Pistoia to Shakespeare: "Only sexual acts between women that violate gender hierarchy emerge into visibility; they are consistently represented in relation to masculinization, facts suggesting that gender rules are regarded as much more serious than rules for sexual behavior insofar as they can be separated" (Dinshaw 1999)."

Tags:chaucer, criseyde, gender, human, miller, sexuality, tale, troilus

Abstract
In the United States, responsibility for conducting covert operations almost always lies on the shoulders of the Central Intelligence Agency, and must be carried out in such a way that its involvement cannot be traced. This paper chronicles and analyzes US involvement in Afghanistan, beginning with the expulsion of the USSR from the country. The discussion asks whether US citizens are more secure than they were during the Cold War.

Outline:
Introduction
Beginning of the End (of USSR)
Covert Operations: Details and Drawbacks
Soviet Losses
Dark Side of Covert Operations
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The withdrawal of Russian forces from Afghanistan put an end to America's major interest in the region: the defeat and the collapse of the Russian Empire. This put the US help to the guerillas to an end which later resulted in the Afghan Civil war and brought the Taliban into power. Although there might be some contradictions regarding the actual amount of money & weapons and other strategic support given by the CIA since these were covert operations, the fact of the matter is that the CIA, consciously or unconsciously, prepared an army of fierce, determined, dangerous, sophistically trained, financially self-dependent, and highly organized guerillas which transformed the West's sigh of relief, that it enjoyed immediately after the downfall of the Soviets, into a chronic headache which is now the biggest problem that The USA and its allies are facing. It would make an interesting question whether the current radical Muslim organizations pose a greater threat to the people (not the governments) of the world as compared to the Soviets. The answer lies in our daily lifestyles: Are we, individually, more secure than we were during the Cold War?"

Tags:USSR, Middle East, Cold War

Abstract
This paper is a critical review and ?personal? examination of the women?s diet book, "The Fit or Fat Woman: Solutions for Women?s Unique Concerns." Author Covert Bailey suggests that women have difficulty losing weight because they use diet plans that are designed for a male?s physiology and thus the body chemistry of women do not respond as well as men?s to male-oriented diet plans. The paper takes a negative perception of Bailey?s book, as the author suggests that women can either be ?fit? or ?fat? and that there is no middle ground where these two elements blend, and that Bailey also uses a degrading writing style in which to address his female readers.

From the Paper
"This paper shall examine and address the specifics of Covert Bailey's book on women's health, The Fit or Fat Woman: Solutions for Women's Unique Concerns. Published in 1989 by Houghton Mifflin Co., this book immediately became a best-seller based on its humorous yet accurate examination of women's self-perceptions and issues such as dieting, physical exercise, and proper nutritional balance. Covert Bailey is a biochemist who addresses women's concerns from a fairly unique perspective: Rather than allowing women to burden themselves with diets that address a male physiology and diet, Bailey suggests that women have a body chemistry that differs from that of their male counterparts, resulting in inaccuracies when they use diets that are designed for men. This indicates that the use of these diets, while geared towards a more general state of health, also harms the woman through the time lost through following a male-oriented diet."

Tags:bias, diet, dietary, diets, exercise, gender, history, nutrition

From the Paper
"Entrepreneurial Leadership Compared With Covert Leadership
Introduction
The purpose of this research is to compare Du Brin s conception of entrepreneurial leadership with Mintzberg s conception of covert leadership. An overview of each of the leadership styles is provided in the following section. Research methodologies discussed by Du Brin and Mintzberg in the presentation of the leadership concepts then are discussed. The major discussion presented in the comparison of the specific points made by Du Brin and Mintzberg in relation to entrepreneurial and covert leadership.


Overview of the Leadership Concepts
Overviews of the entrepreneurial leadership style and the covert leadership style are presented. These overviews are..."

Abstract
This paper illustrates how Geoffrey Chaucer ingeniously criticizes the Roman Catholic Church and advocates religious reform by accrediting his opinions to the characters in "The Prioress' Tale," "The Friar's Tale," "The Parson's Tale," and "The Clerk's Tale" through an elaborate system of various degrees of perception, which allowed Chaucer greater literary freedom. Specific biblical references are also used to support the thesis.

From the Paper
"Chaucer's veiled criticism of the Roman Catholic Church and support for religious reform through his characters allows him more leeway than he would otherwise have. The intricate filter system allows Chaucer greater literary freedom due to the ambiguity generated as to where each thought originates. Despite this anonymity, Chaucer appears to have taken the advise of the Parson to repent, when he later retracts having written about "worldly vanities." Chaucer's Retraction, which concludes "The Canterbury Tales," adds another level of complexity through which the reader must filter his work: is Chaucer truly repentant or is his Retraction just another device used to mislead?"

Tags:bible, biblical, catholic, critique, filter, literary, middle, ages, antisemitism, jews, christian

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses whether the British Secret Intelligence Service, MI6, intentionally and deliberately helped to initiate the Cold War, and then kept it going. The writer maintains that this is one of the thrusts of Stephen Dorril's book, 'MI6: Inside the Covert World of Her Majesty's Secret Intelligence'. The writer discusses that another clear message from Dorril's book is that there were numerous misguided and failed strategies used by the British in their attempts at covert influence against communism during the Cold War. This paper outlines several intelligence operations that were run against the Soviet Union during the Cold War. The writer also reviews whether the operation was a success or a failure and assesses the reasons why they succeeded or failed.

From the Paper
"Working in tandem with the R5 (MI6's anti-Soviet group), IRD had agents in British embassies around the world. The task of the R5 was to plant stories, create forgeries, lies and fabrications to be broadcast on secretly funded (by the MI6) radio stations and newspapers. This was pure propaganda, and it was linked to the truth (because the Soviets indeed had slave labor camps and gulags), but ultimately it failed and was shut down. On page 80 Dorril explains that "secrecy does not ultimately corrupt" and the R5 was really no better, in the end, than Soviet propaganda. This was a dismal failure on the part of Britain to establish on the ground floor something that would eventually become an intelligence operation."

Tags:propaganda, corrupt, agents, Cold, War

Abstract
This paper introduces and analyzes the book "Perfectly Legal: The Covert Campaign to Rig Our Tax System to Benefit the Super Rich - and Cheat Everybody Else," written by David Cay Johnston. The paper discusses the content of the book and reviews the writer's skill and qualifications to write the book. The paper concludes that the book is startling and illuminating.

From the Paper
"The author is not against taxes. Again, in the Prologue, he notes, "A good tax system flows from the economic order and greases the wheels of commerce" (Johnston 2). However, in the pages that follow, he illustrates a tax system that is so seriously flawed it would be laughable if it were not so pathetic, and an IRS that is out of touch even with its own laws and regulations. It also shows that even when the IRS knows that certain tax laws have been manipulated by the rich and powerful, they tend to overlook these "transgressions" rather than attempting to collect the taxes. Take for example, the case of the "accelerated charitable remainder trust" scheme that tax consultant Jonathan Blattmachr engineered in the 1990s for Bill Gates (it is not known if Gates used the dodge before it was outlawed) (Johnston 7-8). Schemes like this continue, and as soon as one is outlawed, another takes its place, allowing the super rich to live extravagant and lavish lifestyles at the cost of "normal" American taxpayers."

Tags:IRS, power, legislation

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to introduce and analyze the topic of the Iran-Contra Affair. Specifically, the paper discusses what the Iran-Contra Affair was, how it developed, how it was discovered, the Congressional hearings, and the aftermath. The Iran-Contra Affair was really a series of covert operations initiated by the Reagan Administration and carried out, first, by the CIA and then the NSC. These affairs were investigated by Congressional committees after they became public and were as detrimental to the government as the Watergate affair because they subverted the Congress and the Constitution.

From the Paper
"The Iran-contra affair is certainly one of the most notorious acts in United States governmental history. Many critics have likened it to the Watergate Scandal of the 1970s Nixon administration in terms of importance and sheer ignorance. One writer noted, "The Iran-contra affair raised serious questions about the nature and scope of congressional oversight of foreign affairs and the limits of the executive branch" (Editors 23448). After the Congressional hearings ended, numerous reports and recounting of testimony were published, including a 690-page report from the Tower and other committees who investigated the affairs. Caspar Weinberger (Secretary of the Defense) and several other participants were pardoned by President George H.W. Bush in 1992, and North and Poindexter's criminal convictions were eventually overturned, so very little actually happened legally to the main participants in the affairs."

Tags:watergate, presidene, government, corrupt, politics, cia, foreign