Abstract
This paper examines the existence of the courtly love theme in popular culture. The paper refers to traditional texts, such as Chaucer's "Complaint to his Lady" and John Donne's poem, "The Canonization"; in relation to the contemporary television program, "Buffy the Vampire Slayer". The paper defines three essential elements of Courtly love poetry: The ennobling force of human love, the elevation of the beloved above the lover and love as ever unsatisfied, ever increasing desire. It describes that modern courtly love are usually adaptations, and that how they adapt the traditional story reflects the values and attitudes of the courtly love convention appropriate to a contemporary audience.

From the Paper
"Courtly Love has developed from the later Middle Ages through to modern times as a highly conventionalized code. Examples are evident in popular culture though are usually adaptations - adopting selective aspects. This can be seen through the similar values and attitudes portrayed in the texts."

Tags:buffy, convention, courtly, elizabethan, love, poetry, poet, slayer, values, vampire, tradition, modern, contemporary

Abstract
This paper looks at courtly love and how it was used in the love stories of the Middle Ages. It examines how the lais of Marie de France were unusual in that they didn't always follow the standard courtly love conventions exactly and looks at the reasons why.

From the Paper
"In Eliduc Guilliadun is of more noble birth than Eliduc, but to break from convention she takes on the role of the admirer. It is she who initiates the relationship by inviting him to come and talk with her(lines 277-278), who upon being struck by love turned pale (line 306), who hesitates in telling him how she feels (lines 307-308) and who later on will suffer sleepless nights because of it (line 331). Although she adheres to all the courtly love conventions as the admirer, she is definitely not representative of the authoritative courtly lady; this stereotype is less important to Marie de France than the dynamic of the lai, as it is fundamental to our understanding of the characters that it is Guilliadun who initiates the relationship and not Eliduc."

Tags:ages, capellanus, courtly, demesure, middle, poetry, troubadours, trouveres

Abstract
This paper explains how Renaissance writers William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, John Donne and Ben Jonson illustrated the emerging traditions of a new form of writing with traditional notions of courtly love. The paper shows us how Shakespeare depicts Juliet and Rosalind as two assertive women that act in their own interests, while Christopher Marlowe's writing presents us with more traditional aspects of courtly love and Jon Donne and Ben Johnson's writings presented different ideas about women in love altogether, causing us to think differently about the idea of women in love.

From the Paper
"The Renaissance was an interesting time in literature because many of the writers of this time were experimenting with new techniques based upon medieval ideas. While writers of the Renaissance were concerned with conventional notions, they were also heavily influenced by Humanism. M. H. Abrams notes that "Renaissance writers were in their own way profoundly original, but they did not think of originality as involving opposition to or revolt against literary traditions or artistic conventions" (Abrams 424). Abrams notes that writers were challenged "something fresh and new" from medieval traditions. Medieval ideas concerning love often viewed love as something spiritual rather than physical. Renaissance writers took a more humanistic approach to love. William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, John Donne, and Ben Jonson are writers that incorporate new ideas with the traditional notion of courtly love."

Tags:play, romeo, as, you, like, it, poet, wooing, medieval, audiences, the, good, morrow, woman

Abstract
The thesis this work sets to prove is: "Literature that addresses courtly love evolved from the concept that man has a dual identity of conflicting impulses towards carnal and transcendent love." This essay explores the origination of courtly love and follows it throughout medieval times. It explains "the code of manners", the morality and immorality, behavior of characters and sexual implications. Examples to explain the thesis statement are extracted from "Morte d'Arthur" by Sir Thomas Malory, "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight'" (author unknown) and "The Fairie Queene" by Edmund Spenser.

From the Paper
"Once upon a time and many years ago there lived a tradition in European literature termed courtly love that characterized the behavior of all knights in shining armor. In a sense, knights were brave, courteous, loyal warriors in the War of Love. Whether it be Sir Gawain, Sir Lancelot, or the Redcross Knight, each patterns his behavior on the standards of courtly conduct. Courtly conduct causes Sir Gawain to be courteous towards the Green Knight's wife. It causes him to yield to her wish to be kissed. However, courtly conduct also causes him to reject her sexual advances."

Tags:british, Troubadours, knights, Middle, Ages, Lancelot, Guinevere

Abstract
This paper discusses how "courtly love" is a term that was retroactively developed to describe a medieval French concept known as "Fin Amour." It examines how this concept became widespread in the 12th century and referred to a code of behavior that was to formulate our modern conceptualization of chivalrous romance. This concept was reflected in Francesco Petrarch's "Italian sonnets", which introduced the concept of lyrical poetry in the 14th century. It analyzes how by Shakespeare's time, a renewed interest in medieval court behavior coincided with a growing interest in Italian ducal courts as depicted in "Othello", "Romeo and Juliet" and "12th Night". It also evaluates how Shakespeare's sonnets, which differed from Petrarch's format, invoke medieval romantic concepts of unrequited love and long periods of courtship while taking a more humanistic approach to these themes.

From the Paper
"In that jealousy ultimately destroys Desdemona and Othello, Shakespeare's portrayal of love is ultimately a tale of how people shouldn't behave when they are in love. The way that the ill-fated couple conduct themselves before they leave Venice is essentially anti-social: when they secretly marry and elope, they implicitly reject the values of society and the desires of Desdemona's family. Whereas a modern audience might see Desdemona's refusal to respect her family's wishes as a not to what were to become the cosmopolitan values of liberal, sexually and racially emancipated Europe, a Shakespearean audience would have recognized this action as a serious breach of conventional norms that characterized European society. "

Tags:courtship, sonnets, othello, romeo, juliet, italy

Abstract
This paper provides a discussion of the concept of courtly love that originated in the Middle Ages. The focus is on how, despite its initial secularism, the concept became increasingly influence by Christian ideology.

From the Paper
"There is no denying that the concept of courtly love that originated during the Middle Ages illustrates numerous influences of Christian ideology. However, this influence was absent initially and only evolved over time. As one historian notes, "Courtly Love represents an anti-Christian movement that was almost wholly secularized at its inception and gradually became more Christianized as time went on." Willis Irving Singer argues that the concept of Courtly Love originated in the Middle Ages though it was not the only conception of love..."

Tags:Arthurian, romance, noble, relationships, Catholicity, troubadours, France

Abstract
This paper briefly looks at the portrayal of courtly love in literature, which is described as an ideal of adulterous love between medieval aristocratic men and women that considers relationships of this nature as being more genuine than the common arranged marriage.

From the Paper
"The doctrine of courtly love was designed to teach courtiers how to be lovely, charming and delightful. Its basic premise was that being in love would teach you how to be loveable and pleasing; so love taught courtesy. This kind of love is a social phenomenon, designed for communal living at a wealthy court where people had plentiful leisure and desired to entertain and be entertained delightfully. When properly applied, courtly love refers to ?an extravagantly artificial and stylized relationship - a forbidden affair that was characterized by five main attributes...?

Tags:medieval, courtship, marriage

Abstract
The paper presents a report on the chapter "Courtly and Popular Poetry" in "A Floretine Chansonnier: Text Volume" by Howard Mayer Brown. The paper describes how Brown writes about lyric poetry and gives insight into the ideas brought about by poetry through a specific Florentine Chansonnier: the Florrence 229. The writer asserts that Brown does an excellent job of addressing the main points he wants to make about courtly and popular poetry.

From the Paper
"The author of A Floretine Chansonnier: Text Volume, Howard Mayer Brown was a very famous editor and musicologist that lived from 1930 to 1993. Brown was most famous for being a world renown scholar of western music history. During his life Brown taught at many different universities and colleges including Wellesley College, University of Chicago, Cornell University, and King's College which is located in London. He also contributed many articles to the New Grove Music Dictionary of Music and Musicians."

Tags:love, poems

Abstract
This paper discusses and compares Geoffrey Chaucer's "The Nun's Priest's Tale" and Robert Henryson's "The Cock and the Fox." It shows how both tales are two works that are parodies of epic poetry and courtly romance. The paper particularly examines the ways that the tales present love and marriage and contrasts the views of the characters in the works.

From the Paper
"Chaucer and Henryson may both respect the institutions of love and marriage, but in these texts they are casting critical eyes on traditional ideas of courtly love and romance. Clearly they are making fun of the genre of love poetry which has dominated their literary culture. Chaucer shows the follies of dramatic love by having chickens play the prescribed hero and heroine roles, and Henryson creates characters that blatantly behave opposite to romantic conventions. Their works are evidence that courtly love was not always taken seriously."

Tags:romance, rooster, fox

Abstract
This paper discusses the assertion that 'Courtly Love' is an idealized and hardly realized fantasy play of a misguided and inaccurate morality, quite opposed to the deep idealism of Sir Gawain. Throughout this essay, it is demonstrated that Capellanus' Treatise and Gawain's unfaltering nature are conflicts of human behavior and human ideals, the concept of the "perfect" for which to aim in ones own life, and rarely achieve.

From the Paper
"Courtly love is, in general form, a structured form of male / female interaction which was infused with a poetic, heroic, romantic idealism about the virtue of both the man and the woman. The core idea of Courtly Love, as defined by Capellanus, is that the woman (or Lady) should be worshiped, ardently pursued, and intensely desired. She is to receive this attention and devotion not because of an intrinsic beauty and nobility (read: only the members of the upper class were capable of Courtly love), but because she capable of endowing the male with virtue and honor because of and through her acceptance and faith in him. The Lady, then, is to judge her suitor upon the basis of his character, his noble deeds of gentleness and courtesy, his degree of chivalry, not his incidental qualities. In this dynamic, the Lady is obligated through her social responsibility, to accept the suitor if he can exhibit his worthiness. While Capellanus wrote his Treatise on Love in the 12th century, the fact that few major advances in social structure, politics, or religion had occurred in the three centuries previous or would for the next two centuries, it stands as a relatively accurate guideline of courtly love that persisted over those years. When the standards of Courtly love are applied to an interpretation of Sir Gawain and the Green Night, it is clear that this legend and the rather heroic requirements of Courtly love are indeed overlapped. Gawain is both a man and a Christ-figure, he is the ultimately honorable chivalrous man worth of the love of any Lady."

Tags:human, behavior, ideals, perfection, relationship, male, female, romance, social