Abstract
This paper explains that the life and service of British counter-independence General, Lord Charles of Cornwallis demonstrates that the core competencies offered by today's army are timeless and universal. As the various prodigious tasks of the British effort met with failure or disappointment, the author points out that Cornwallis' ambition, influence and creativity were crucial forces in retaining his army's struggling effort. The paper concludes that regrouping, retooling and leading in the face of insurmountable odds are qualities essential to effective leadership, particularly in the military context where setbacks and adversity are an everyday part of today's military.

From the Paper
"With a specific attention paid to the leaders who alternatively served to benefit or obstruct the British efforts at preventing American independence, Buchanan relays the events transpiring by sea and land in the Carolinas. Here, under the mutual but ultimately deeply conflictive relationship between Generals Cornwallis and his immediate superior officer in Commander in Chief, Sir Henry Clinton, the British army would engage one of its most tenacious and decisive attempts at swaying American fortunes."

Tags:siege, competencies, regrouping, ambition, pride

Abstract
This paper explains that the Phoenix Program, known as Phung Hoang in Vietnam, was designed to combine the resources of existing Vietnamese intelligence operations under a single banner of CIA control to "neutralize" the Vietcong and South Vietnamese VC sympathizers and to assist the United States in winning the war by stemming the flood of communists seeping down from the north. The author points out that, in retrospect, Phoenix was a program, which gained a horrible reputation during and after the war for its alleged crimes against humanity; American officially stated that Phoenix was responsible for the death of 20,857 Vietcong members during the war. The paper states that the fundamental flaw of the program was America's inability to recognize the Vietcong as a revolutionary, anti-colonial force whose origins are nearly a hundred years old and whose purpose might have some legitimacy; rather the CIA argued that the VC were crippled victims of Communist terror practices.

From the Paper
"The creation of the CIO marked a sudden increase in the use of political warfare by the Americans in Vietnam. Their tactics were copied almost directly from their Communist partners. Vietcong propaganda teams would descend on a Southern village and call a general meeting for the dissemination of anti-American ideas and propaganda. The visits were repeated, and if the villagers were reluctant to join the Vietcong, then they practiced what is known as selective terror. They would arrest a member of the village for spying and then put the villager on trial before a dummy court. The villager was always convicted, and then brutally murdered in the center of the village."

Tags:capture, psychological-warfare, legitimacy, propaganda, offices

Abstract
This paper explains that the Mexican revolutionaries of the novel fight to preserve their cultural integrity against impingement by Anglos seeking to profit off the Mexican land with a rapaciousness paralleling the British colonizers to the American colonies, hence, the designation of the novel's protagonist as an ironically named George Washington Gomez. The author points out that the greatest internal and external crisis of the novel occurs when Gualinto kills the revolutionary and prison escapee, Lupe Garda, symbolically killing his seditionist father, his own identity, and the integrity of the community, showing how the Anglo encroachment of law and education has fully impinged upon Gualinto's mind. The paper relates that author Americo Paredes makes parallels throughout his book with the counter-revolutionary actions of the protagonist and that of earlier revolutionary periods of internal division in American history; for example, a man is noted as having a "John Brown beard," tying the initial description to the earlier American era of anti-slavery revolts in America, such as John Brown's raid upon Harper's Ferry.

From the Paper
"During the height of the military crisis, Gualinto must continually wrestle with his own values and beliefs. He has returned to his community after higher education, law school and the military, all ideologies that have taught him that his people's ways are inferior to white ways. One of the earliest examples of Gualinto verbally expressing his sense of self-hatred occurs in the context of a discussion over money for college, as Gualinto rants against his father, calling him an "ignorant Mexican," even though the boy is of his father's own nation, flesh, and blood, a Mexican himself."

Tags:colonizers, counter-revolutionary, protagonist, father, law

Abstract
This paper questions how revolutionary the US Revolutionary War really was. The paper points out that such a question is multi-faceted and deserves a multi-faceted answer. The paper then goes on to examine the ways in which the War was revolutionary and those ways in which is was not so revolutionary. The paper concludes that while the US Revolutionary War was revolutionary in terms of government and global politics and for non-elite white males, it was not very revolutionary for women or African Americans, as they were not granted suffrage, enough of an education to be independent, the right to run for public office, or viewed as equal to men socially.

From the Paper
"The evolution of government created by the Revolutionary War expanded beyond the realms of suffrage to religion for the common man. In Virginia, Methodists and Baptists petitioned for freedom of religion akin to that which the Puritans enjoyed. During the ratification of Virginia's constitution, liberals and secular-minded individuals managed to enact the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom, which was the first law to separate church and state in the colonies. Eight years later in Philadelphia, Jews sought civil rights as well."

Tags:church, state, women, african-american, suffrage

Abstract
This paper discusses how many fail to stop and think about how their prescription drugs are interacting with the over-the-counter medication. The paper reveals that some simple over the counter medications have serious side effects, yet few people know about these side effects. The paper argues that as a consumer, it is important both to know how different over-the-counter medication relieves different health problems, and also to be aware of the side effects of different over the counter medications.

From the Paper
""Today, ibuprofen is used by millions of consumers to treat ailments, such as headaches, muscle soreness and fever, without a physician's consultation" (Bergen, 2008, para. 3). In fact, many people take different over the counter medication without thinking about how these medicines relieve their pain or what side effects these over-the-counter medications may have. Why? Because people want to save money on medications and often people are worried about taking time off work. "Every year, Americans spend more than $200 billion on prescription medication, but only one-tenth that amount - about $20 billion - on OTC medications" (Kittinger...)"

Tags:medication, risks, relieves

Abstract
This paper looks at the directives which guide the actions of the Office of the Coordinator for Counter-Terrorism, as well as its strategies and tactics, its various functions and programs and how the office is organized. The paper highlights how much changed in America after 9/11, especially for a government branch devoted to intelligence-gathering and to security. The paper discusses how the Counter-terrorism Office has grown, with its associations with other government agencies, increasingly complex and involved.

From the Paper
"Whatever the criticisms leveled against the Bush Administration's "War on Terror" by its critics, few can dispute that the United States must pursue a forceful policy against terrorist activities if it is to secure its safety at home and abroad. Certainly, recent years have seen a dramatic increase in the attention granted to anti-terror measures and institutions in light of the fact that 9/11 proved, once and for all, that America too is vulnerable to terror assaults. In addition to the heightened interest surrounding the anti-terror tools America had in place prior to 9/11, the last five-and-a-half years has borne witness to the creation of new institutions geared expressly to fighting terrorism - the National Counter-Terrorism Center chief among them."

Tags:intelligence-gathering, security, al-Qaeda, strategies, campaign

Abstract
This paper explains that many companies have developed counter-terrorist technology for commercial applications to government, airlines, shipping ports and other easy and potential targets; two of the biggest ideas in counter-terrorist technology include biometrics and nanotechnology. The author points out the PACE project shows that biometrics may be the way to keep countries safe from known terrorists by utilizing technology such as facial scans, which work by measuring distances between lips, nose, eyes, and other features to determine whether someone's face actually matches a scan previously taken. The paper states that nanotechnology has not really taken off, but efforts are being applied to make some commercial applications using this technology.

From the Paper
"One of the companies that is working hard to bring biometrics to the forefront of counter-terrorism technology is Fingerscan Pty Ltd, which is a subsidiary of a larger identification and biometrics company based in California. Fingerscan is working toward using fingerprint recognition technology to identify and authenticate individuals. Most of this technology would apply to banks and other high security areas where fraud and deceit can sometimes be problematic. However, after the terrorist attacks, it is clear that this type of scan will likely be utilized in even more commercial applications to ensure that individuals who come into a country are who they claim to be. This could be vitally important and have far-reaching applications for the counter-terrorism concerns that plague many countries today, and could keep many safer."

Tags:fingerprint, nanotechnology, biometrics, scan, face

Abstract
This essay examines the implications of the National Assembly, the internal and external military action, conditions in Paris and economic and social injustices which culminated in the radicalization of the French Revolution. It looks at the various stages of the Revolution and gives an historical overview of the events that led up to it as well as the revolution itself.
The French Revolution radicalized in 1793 as the revolutionary masses attempted to change their political power and overcome what they perceived as economic and social injustices. This radicalization occurred foremost as a reaction to counter-revolutionary forces which pushed the radical revolutionaries into action to preserve the ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity.

From the Paper
"By 1793 the French Revolution had established the principles of equality before the law, the sovereignty of nation and representative institutions and introduced changes in political and social institutions. Roger price refers to this first stage as the "creative" phase. However, in 1793 the Convention voted for the execution of the king, marking a break with the past and the revolution radicalized and the reign of terror began. Eric Hobsbawm states that the French Revolution was "a mass social revolution and immeasurably more radical than any comparable upheaval". The violent radicalization of 1973 was not from "Enlightenment theorizing" but from the pressures from internal and external wars and "the related twin political forces unleashed by the Revolution itself, popular radicalism and elite counter-revolution". The interaction between the revolution and counter-revolution forces provided the pressure which radicalized the French Revolution in 1793."

Tags:france, radicalization, 1973, enlightenment, counter, war

Abstract
The paper discusses how Jefferson's text emphasizes equality, freedom and happiness for all men - just as Marx does for the proletariat - but then shows how Jefferson's conviction that these things are best achieved by securing political emancipation runs counter to Marx's belief that the economic emancipation of the proletariat will secure their equality, their freedom, and their happiness. The paper also notes that both men want the lower classes to take power from the parasitic upper classes who monopolize the wealth and might of the socio-economic structure. The paper discusses the big difference, however, that while Jefferson is not eager to destroy the state in a material sense, Marx is a revolutionary who believes that the state must be destroyed at the same time as the proletariat rises to power. The paper shows how these two men have similar ideas when it comes to desiring freedom for individuals, but they have radically different approaches to doing it.

From the Paper
"The following paper is a comparison and contrast essay which highlights how, while different in some significant respects, Thomas Jefferson and Karl Marx nonetheless share some important similarities; chiefly, these two men both believe in human liberty - just as they believe in the dignity of the individual. With that in mind, the paper will discuss how Jefferson's text emphasizes equality, freedom and happiness for all men - just as Marx does for the proletariat - but how Jefferson's conviction that these things are best achieved by securing political emancipation runs counter to Marx's belief that the economic emancipation of the..."

Tags:jefferson, marx, comparison

Abstract
"Howl", Allen Ginsberg's revolutionary poem, focuses on sex, drugs and misery. The paper shows that, divided into three sections, the poem's raw style and chilling images represent the best model of Ginsberg's writing. Flashes of weakness, brought on by drug misuse, are countered by joyful sexual romps; these two situations create even more despair as the poem continues. What was once passion turns to heartbreak; speed-induced frenzies end in gutters. The paper shows that Ginsberg's strongest message is one against the quintessential oppressor, as personified by the monster Moloch, who is eventually defeated.

From the Paper
"Ginsberg, however, does not see "Howl" as a negative poem. Rather, he is "talking about a realization of love. LOVE" (Shadow). "Howl" is considered Allen Ginsberg's howl condemning the ills of society, but with whom does he identify? He addresses himself when he states that whole intellects "howled on their knees in the subway & were dragged off the roof waving genitals & manuscripts" (Ginsberg Collected 128, l.35.) Ginsberg also alludes to his days at Colombia, his trips to Texas, and his obsession with William Blake (Schumacher 202)."

Tags:homosexuality, sexuality, Beatniks, Buddhist