Abstract
This paper explains that the anti-bribery provisions of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) makes it illegal for a U.S. person to make a corrupt payment to a foreign official to secure or retain business. The author points out that this act has an impact on U.S. commerce because companies with considerable foreign sales must have an effective FCPA compliance auditing program. In addition, the paper relates that the FCPA potentially is applicable to any individual, firm, officer, director, employee or agent of a firm and any stockholder acting on behalf of a firm.

From the Paper
"The case of Lockheed Martin Corp's Proposed Acquisition of Titan Corporation: In September 2003, Lockheed Martin Corp declared its plans to take over Titan Corporation, a defense contractor based in California for $1.8 billion approximately. As per the acquisition agreement entered into between Lockheed and Titan, the acquisition was to be completed by March 2004 at the latest. In keeping with Lockheed's routine pre-acquisition due diligence into Titan, however it was found that Titan had engaged in a lot of potential FCPA violations."

Tags:corruption globalization standards, money laundering, stockholder

Abstract
The paper clarifies and evaluates the terms of existing international agreements on financial reporting standards, with a focus on the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The paper explores the global applications of the IFRS and demonstrates how the adoption challenges, procedures and experiences of some key nations depend on the fundamental differences in these nations.

From the Paper
"As with many international governing bodies, the IASC is one which began with a far more informal tone and purpose than that which has evolved there from. From the time of its formation through its first decade, the Committee would issue policies that were designed with a high degree of flexibility and that were less a matter of enforcement than clarification in those areas where differing national accounting policies might demand guidance. That stated, the policies which it created would begin to take on some degree of seriousness when applied to developing countries which, in their interest in becoming more entwined with the world economy, would find more strict compliance in their best interests. This scenario, however, would ultimately segue into the era of globalization for which we provide a parallel history later in this literature review. Here, "as the pace of globalization picked up in the 1980s and especially in the 1990s, the IASC, with strong encouragement from major securities market regulators, began improving its standards to a level of quality that commanded attention and respect of national and regional regulators, national standard setters, major multinational companies, and leading accountancy bodies." (Camfferman & Zeff, 1)
"With this improvement came an increasingly sturdy reputation as the foremost standard-making body for international accounting, which Camfferman & Zeff indicate would ultimately be transferred to the restructured and renamed International Accounting Standards Board. With the release of its International Financial Reporting Standards, comprised of a new set of Standards (IFRSs) and of either revised or simply commuted pre-existing Standards (IASs), the International Accounting Standards Board would position itself as the primary entity existing for guidance, regulation and oversight of international accounting and financial reporting."

Tags:accountants, compliance, implementation, globalization

Abstract
Economic globalization can be defined as "the integration of economics through markets across frontiers" . At first blush, the question may be asked, what is the connection between economic integration, democracy and peace? These appear to be thoroughly different outcomes, giving rise to some common effects at best. However, a closer glance reveals that there can be links drawn between integration and democracy and integration and reduced conflict. Can we then claim that economic globalization leads to a more democratic and peaceful society? That is the question this paper attempts to answer.

From the Paper
"The literature suggests three avenues to reduce corruption - reduce or eliminate quantitative trade barriers, increase the number of competing firms, and improve the quality of institutions. Although the authors caution against placing too much emphasis on their findings, it is clearly an important result for poorer countries that are trapped in the poverty cycle. This finding suggests that openness on the part of poor countries will lead to reduced corruption, which will in turn improve the prospects of economic development in the country, leading to further incentives to integrate. This "anti-corruption cycle" can arguably be the answer for many Least Developed Countries struggling at present."

Tags:economics, democracy, globalization, state, corruption

Abstract
This paper argues that globalization has had some striking consequences for the people of Great Britain, for the people of Europe (principally Western Europe) and for the social policies geared towards assisting them. The paper suggests that globalization has been a negative force in the lives of working-class people and that, even if it has not quite led to the contraction of social welfare policies in Europe and in the UK, it has certainly served as the external impetus keeping governments from doing all they might on behalf of the less-fortunate. As a final point, the final part of this paper asserts that France has been relatively more resistant to the de-centralizing forces of globalization than either Britain and Germany, but there is simply no evidence that any of these three major countries have been able to escape the neo-liberal pressures of the global marketplace.

From the Paper
"At the same time as the United Kingdom finds itself burdened with a society that is more polarized than ever before, it must also be borne in mind that the state - courtesy globalization - is seen by many has having less control over internal matters than ever before. Furthermore, countries like Great Britain have been forced to acknowledge that the new logic of globalization splits apart the traditional coupling of economic growth with an increase in social standards; in other words, a country can grow more economically powerful without necessarily seeing the living standards of many of its working-class families increase (Mishra, 1998)."

Tags:working-class, economic, growth, social, standards

Abstract
This paper examines several issues in relation to globalization that are discussed by P. Figini and E. Santarelli in their article entitled, "Openness, Economic Reforms, and Poverty: Globalization in Developing Countries". It explains that the research is examined in context of earlier research related to free trade and Mexico and the expansion of FDI in that market. The paper also explains the difference between relative poverty and absolute poverty and how understanding these terms can be applied to the global economy in order to determine strategies to alleviate poverty and prepare economic benchmarks vital to reducing overall poverty levels, absolute or relative. The paper further discusses how Figini and Santarelli regard relative poverty levels as the most important aspect of poverty because these levels would be utilized in determining living wages as well as other economic factors that globalization impacts.

Outline:
Abstract
Overview
The World Trade Organization's Role in FDI
Free Trade & Poverty
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Understanding poverty and how to alleviate it is a critical component of joining the rank of first world nations. While the list of countries that have encouraged foreign investment and trade is growing, the fact remains that few have experienced the type of economic success that China and India have experienced. As Bhagwati illustrates, globalization as an economic model depends on the integration of economic structures through trade, foreign investment activity, short-term capital inflows, and technology inflows in order to be successful (2004)."

Tags:foreign, investment, fair, trade, inequality, labour, standards

Abstract
This paper looks at four things that political corruption does to less-developed nations - things that thwart efforts to build strong, sustainable and progressive lands able to prosper in the global economy. First of all, the paper describes how political corruption (largely in the sense of taking public money and using it for personal gain) facilitates the flight of capital from poor nations when capital is the one thing it needs more than anything else. The paper points out that this capital is frequently the capital that government officials have cleverly accumulated for themselves.

From the Paper
"There can scarcely be any doubt that political corruption plays a critical role in the slow development - or non-development - of third-world nations. With this uppermost in mind, the following paper will look at four things that political corruption does to less-developed nations - things that thwart efforts to build strong, sustainable and progressive lands able to prosper in the global economy. First of all, political corruption (largely in the sense of taking public money and using it for personal gain) facilitates the flight of capital from poor nations when..."

Tags:corruption, nations, development

Abstract
The paper relates that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) was founded in April 2001, as an offshoot of the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) that was formed in March of 2001 as a not-for-profit corporation incorporated in the State of Delaware in the United States. The paper describes how the IASB is an independent accounting standard setting body based in London that is committed to developing a set of high quality global accounting standards that require comparable information in general purpose financial statements. The paper relates that the IASB also cooperates with global accounting standard-setters to achieve compliance in accounting standards ("Welcome", 2007).

From the Paper
"The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) was founded in April 2001, as an offshoot of the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) that was formed in March of 2001 as a not-for-profit corporation incorporated in the State of Delaware in the United States. The IASB is an..."

Tags:international, accounting, standards

Abstract
The paper provides many statistics on the country of Egypt and addresses the issues of unemployment, low standards of living, drug and human trafficking, corruption and bribery and a lack of a coordinated national infrastructure program. The paper asserts that Egypt must be able to capitalize on the current trend and pace of globalization by initiating a real program for change. The paper suggests the changes that can improve this country.

From the Paper
"When one hears about Egypt, the thoughts that come to mind are the glamour and glory of the days of the pharaohs and the slaves entwined together in building great pyramids that would immortalized the god-kings - the pharaohs themselves. Egypt has always been at the crossroads of civilization throughout mankind's history. This is where Antony of the famed Roman Legion met and fell for the illustrious beauty of Cleopatra. In more recent history, Egypt is one of the powerbrokers of the Middle East not only for its contemporary social and political beliefs but its rich oil reserves enable it to have a great leverage in international economic and political affairs. The regularity and richness of the annual Nile River flood, coupled with semi-isolation provided by deserts to the east and west, allowed for the development of one of the world's great civilizations."

Tags:Mubarak, unemployment, drug, human, trafficking, corruption, bribery

Abstract
This paper examines the effects of urbanization on various factors affecting development, poverty and income inequality, based on empirical data obtained from various sources. The following factors are analyzed across various countries, based on the latest data available: Economic growth measured in terms of GDP per Capita in US$ (PPP), absolute poverty at $1 per day standard, poverty gap, Gini Index, openness of trade, percentage of population living in urban areas, annual percentage migration of population to urban areas, the Corruption Perception Index ,etc. These factors are analyzed to arrive at correlations they have with urbanization in order to determine to some extent whether urbanization is inevitable for development of a country and what are the consequences associated with the phenomenon.

Paper Outline:
Urbanization and other factors affecting Economic Growth
Factors affecting Urbanization
Determinants of Poverty Deepening (Poverty Gap)
Factors Affecting Absolute Poverty
Factors Affecting Gini Index
Determinants of Human Development Index
Concluding Remarks
References and Bibliography

From the Paper
"However, contrary to above, it can be seen that absolute poverty alone is not the cause for urbanization. In other words, where even in urban areas people do not find enough jobs, they would like to stay in rural areas. The negative correlation between absolute poverty (measured in terms of earning per capita less than $1 per day), and the percentage of urban population means that as poverty increases, urbanization decreases. However, this may not be the trend the world over. If we have a glance at the countries considered in this analysis, it can be seen that they are least developed countries."

Tags:cpi, globalization, openness, demographics, population

Abstract
This paper discusses that a deterioration and lapses in ethical standards have led to the demise of some corporation. The author uses a table form to explains the findings regarding each corporations. The paper includes the corporation's status at the height of its success, its leadership, types and kinds of lapses and the effects on the corporation.

From the Paper
"The concept of business ethics is far more complex than it appears at first glance. There are many facets to corporate ethics including the company's obligation to its employees and to its stockholder, workers duties to their employer and the company's duties to regulatory agencies such as the SEC and watchdog agencies including the Occupational Health and Safety Administration, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and the Environmental Protection Agency. There are also ethical duties to both related and unrelated third parties. For example, ..."

Tags:leadership, managemnet, ethical busienss behavior, enron, WorldCom, Global Crossing, Arthir Anderson, Adelphia, greeed corruption, losses to investors