Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the Florida's Community Corrections system has been challenged by budgetary constraints and shortfalls. The writer analyzes an Internet article on the Florida Office of Community Corrections and its efforts to deal with budget cuts.

From the Paper
"Under Florida law the Office of Community Corrections is charged with supervising offenders placed on community supervision programs including pre-trial intervention probation community control, drug offender probation, sex offender probation and post-release supervision. Like other organizations or agencies subsumed within the criminal justice system, Florida's Community Corrections system has been challenged by budgetary constraints and shortfalls. It is this issue as described by Hieteenthia Hayes, Assistant Secretary for the Florida Department of Corrections that will be investigated herein ..."

Tags:corrections, Office of Community Corrections, budgeting, article, public agencies, public agency, criminal justice

Abstract
Providing a research proposal on the importance of criminal corrections officers, this paper focus on the training a corrections officer would receive. The purpose of the paper is to look at the past failures as well as methodologies in order to create a fresh perspective on how much training an officer should receive. The main argument for the paper is that in order for the officers to be highly-skilled, they must receive a high amount of training that is specially-funded and developed.

Outline:
Research Problem
Literature Review
Research Procedures

From the Paper
"First of all, Richard P. Seiter, the Executive Vice President and Chief Corrections Officer for the Corrections Corporation of America and former associate professor of sociology and criminal justice at St. Louis University, points out that as of 1981, "the quantity, quality and stability of federally-sponsored correctional training has been greatly enhanced" (1983, p. 72), due to the fact that in the past, correctional facilities and their employees were trained through methods dating back hundreds of years when prisons were seen as places for punishment, rather than as centers for rehabilitation (Seiter, 1983, p. 72). Therefore, by utilizing more modern approaches in the training of corrections personnel, great advances have been made, thus allowing individuals to "make realistic contributions to the overall excellence of a correctional facility," often through the training of state and local managers and those "who in turn can provide training for line personnel" within the walls of a prison, a half-way house or a juvenile facility."

Tags:corrections, criminal justice, probation

Abstract
This paper focuses on privatization of policing and corrections, providing a history of privatization. Particular attention is given to bounty hunter abuses and the state of privatized correctional facilities, which is supported by research and an interview with a consultant to a California state senator.

From the Paper
"Privatization is the opposite of going public, which is the direction that many of our criminal justice agencies are heading toward. Privatization of policing and corrections are particular areas that have been experimenting with going private. Public agencies have been relying on private policing and correctional corporations to cut costs for services that state and federal agencies feel they cannot handle. There is an economic tug of war between politicians who are out to save money and eliminate state and federal spending abuses, while state and federal employees, particularly unions, are opposed. They believe that this cannot be achieved without reducing the quality of service and the elimination of much needed state and federal jobs. While these private companies are sometimes able to save money for state and federal agencies who are not able to provide these services in a way that is economically feasible, the officers who are losing jobs are up in arms."

Tags:corrections, policing, privatization, police, violence, crime, incarcination, prison, federal

Abstract
The paper discusses how keeping the peace, or peacemaking is what most citizens view to be the primary role of law enforcement and corrections officers. However, the paper shows how ideologies of peacemaking entail much more than just arresting criminals and preventing chaos in the streets.

From the Paper
"Keeping the peace, or peacemaking is what most citizens view to be the..."

Tags:criminal justice, ethics, corrections

Abstract
This paper reviews "The Corrections" by Jonathan Franzen, presenting an American family that is disintegrating in the face of disease, dementia, economic disruption and age. The paper explains that in this novel, it is not so much that the family does not work as a social unit but that the members of this family are all unhappy for one reason or another and are facing major changes in their lives, in some cases expected changes, in others unexpected and unwanted changes.

From the Paper
"Jonathan Franzen's novel "The Corrections" presents an American family that is disintegrating in the face of disease, dementia, economic disruption, and age. More and more, novelists and others write about the American family as if it were necessary always to add the word "dysfunctional" as an adjective. In this novel, it is not so much that the family does not work as a social unit but that the members of this family are all unhappy for one reason or another and are facing major changes in their lives, in some cases expected changes, in others unexpected and unwanted changes. The father is losing his mind because of Parkinson's disease; the oldest son is clinically depressed; the next oldest is failing in his professional life; the younger daughter is having an affair, perhaps; and the mother watches all this happening as she seeks ways to amuse herself after a long life giving ..."

Tags:corrections, franzen, review

Abstract
This paper addresses issues in community-based corrections, particularly intermediate sanctions. The paper further examines what they are designed to do for both offenders and the criminal justice system. The risk of probationer classification is also discussed.

From the Paper
"The intermediate sanctions that experts refer to are programs that provide a more restrictive means of handling youthful offenders that continue to offend following immediate interventions or who have committed more serious felony offenses yet without putting them in secure care. Intermediate Sanctions: This approach is useful for offenders who need more restrictive or intensive interventions or who are violent offenders and need supervision structure and monitoring but who are not yet candidates for institutionalization. Intermediate Sanctions: They are referred to as intermediate because they are the..."

Tags:correctional, criminal, offender, youthful, intermediate sanctions, risk, probationer classification

Abstract
This paper analyzes the five goals of corrections which are retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation, incapacitation and restoration. It discusses the history, philosophy, development and empirical validity of each goal. The paper then concludes with a statement of recommendation as to the preferred corrections theory stating why that is the theory thought superior to the other corrections theories. Finally, it discusses which should serve to guide corrections in the future.

Table of Contents:
Objective
Introduction
Retribution
Deterrence
Rehabilitation
Incapacitation
Restoration
Summary
Recommendations For Future Corrections

From the Paper
"Clearly research demonstrates both positive and negative results from use of the strategies of retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation, incapacitation; restoration and certainly what is the best correctional strategy for one type of individual might not be the best whatsoever for use with another individual. The individual who is truly criminally insane will not respond to any of the attempts in correction strategies except that of incapacitation in a prison facility. Just as clearly no individual who is logical would consider Charles Manson or Theodore Bundy as eligible profiles for the restorative justice program or even for rehabilitation program or indeed of any other than imprisonment or death by execution There are however, very potentially productive, useful, and worthy individuals who are shuffled into the correction system due to their inability to hire a lawyer or lack of knowledge concerning their rights to having representation appointed to them that with education and knowledge or skills acquisition can be successfully rehabilitation or restored to society and within the community. Recently there has been documented an additional strategy in criminal justice corrections which is described as a 'transformational' process and is a cognitive-behavioral approach in treatment."

Tags:deterrence, rehabilitation, incapacitation, restoration, retribution

Abstract
This paper highlights the challenges that corrections officers often encounter in their jobs. The author provides a definition of the primary duty of corrections officers according to the U.S. Department of Labor and explores the job satisfaction one can derive from this position. The physical and emotional criterion for the position of a corrections officer is likewise briefly described. Additionally, the paper discusses how the financial limitations of an institution's budget can lead to understaffed prisons and very overworked officers, citing Alabama and Florida as examples.

Outline:
Job Satisfaction of Corrections Officers
Job Outlook
Financial Issues
Impact of Financially-Focused Course
Works Cited

From the Paper
"According to the U.S. Department of Labor, the primary duty of corrections officers is to perform the often-stressful work of overseeing individuals who have been arrested and are awaiting trial or who have been convicted of a crime and are sentenced to serve time in a jail, reformatory, or penitentiary. Corrections officers are in charge of monitoring prisoner behavior, ensuring that prisoners do not engage in physical or verbal intimidation in their interactions with one another, or continue their criminal activities behind bars. Officers may also supervise inmates' visits with friends or family members."

Tags:justice system, challenges occupation, budget cutbacks

Abstract
This paper discusses some of the areas in which the U.S. corrections system is failing, such as the increasing number of offenders who enter into the system and reenter after being released for a short period of time. The writer also describes some of the things that are working in corrections such as the programs being provided to rehabilitate offenders so they do not reenter into the criminal justice system. Solutions to cut the cost of housing these inmates are also discussed.

Outline:
Corrections
Failing Issues
Working Issues
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Society holds expectations for its citizens, and non-citizens at a very high level. They expect everyone to abide by the law, and give back to the community. In a perfect world all citizens and non-citizens would be good Samaritans, sadly it is far from that. There are many of those individuals who are deviant and stray from society's expectations of them. We know them as criminals. Indeed all of them may not be hardened criminals, yet some of them commit petty crimes that are still a burden on society. Whether, their crime is petty or severe, society expects them to pay for their actions. Most criminals at one time or another will spend time in prison or jail."

Tags:jail, criminal, rehabilitation, sentencing, offender, education, recidivism

Abstract
The paper offers a personal perspective on the future of corrections in the United States, overviews the major problems in the current system and presents a series of recommended specific actions to resolve these major problems. The paper assesses the future trends and innovations in privatization, parole and probation, community corrections, dealing with increasing numbers of juvenile and female offenders as well as coping with overcrowded jails and prisons. The paper also provides an analysis of innovations used in foreign countries and asserts that the United States should take such steps today before it dooms yet another generation of Americans to life behind bars.

Outline:
Review and Discussion
Conclusion

From the Paper
"On the one hand, the future of the corrections industry in the United States is very bright indeed and all signs indicate this will continue to be a growth industry well into the 21st century. On the other hand, the fact that the corrections industry is a growth industry is a very troubling sign that all is not well in America and there is no consensus on how best to reverse these ugly trends. After the prison population in the United States topped two million, Hunt (20070 observed, "Not only was this exponential increase in incarceration unusual, but research quickly revealed it to reflect the pernicious questions of race, class, and political disenfranchisement that have animated North American history" (p. 68)."

Tags:privatization, parole, probation, juvenile, female, offenders, prisons