Abstract This paper defines corporatesocialresponsibility (CSR) as the fundamental duty that corporations have to act responsibly and ethically and in a manner that does not harm the environment. The paper continues that CSR also requires corporations to ensure all individuals directly or indirectly affected by its transactions are treated with respect and to conform to the letter and the spirit of the law. The author indicates that the priority measurement is the public and private records regarding the corporation's past behavior in the marketplace, such as employee abuses, environmental damage and legal difficulties, using a frequency metric over a period of time to establish a baseline for future measures of CSR behavior. The paper concludes that RIM does not do enough in its CSR related activities and should adopt programs to assist Canada's large immigrant population with integration into the broader social fabric of the Canadian population.
Table of Contents:
CorporateSocialResponsibility Representative Corporation Population Characteristics
Target Company's CSR Profile
From the Paper "RIM maintains its CSR profile in several ways. The first example of how RIM adheres to a CSR imperative is that it has a publicly published and viewable code of ethics which requires that all its employees conform not only to all legal and regulatory mandates but that they also behave ethically appropriate as well. The code of ethics for the company originates directly from the office of the co-CEO, Jim Balsillie. Another example of RIM's compliance with CSR mandates is its basic factors that it requires its outsourcing partners to meet in order to maintain their manufacturing contracts with RIM." These contractor standards such as providing
Abstract The paper discusses corporatesocialresponsibility and 19 organizational theory articles in a 25 page paper synthesizing theory with practice. The paper argues that many companies now recognize that they have responsibilities not only to their shareholders, but also to other interested communities.
From the Paper "Traditionally managers are responsible to a company's board of directors and the board of directors is responsible to the shareholders. This has resulted in a bias among managers toward returning value to shareholders to the exclusion or at least detriment of others who have an interest in a company's performance."
Tags:corporatesocialresponsibility, organizational theory
A discussion of how corporatesocialresponsibility (CSR) has become a linchpin for the development of organizations such as Starbucks and Ben & Jerry's.
Abstract This paper takes a look at how corporatesocialresponsibility (CSR) has become a popular method for organizations to bolster their reputations and respond to pertinent social issues. To illustrate, it focuses particularly on the organizations of Starbucks and Ben & Jerry's. The paper claims that, although CSR programs are important to the organization, the costs of these programs are so extensive that achieving a competitive advantage through CSR can be a notable challenge. In an effort to elucidate these challenges, the paper considers whether or not organizations can derive a competitive advantage through corporatesocialresponsibility programs. The results of the investigation suggest that CSR can lead to a competitive advantage, but only through integration of CSR with all aspects of the organization's operations. The paper concludes with recommendations for organizations to develop and implement CSR programs.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review
CorporateSocialResponsibility: An Overview
Business Ethics: An Overview
Competitive Advantage: An Overview
Business Ethics to Achieve Competitive Advantage
CSR and Business Ethics Vs. Profit Maximization
Importance of CSR Activities
Commercial Justification for CSR Policies for a Competitive Advantage
Summary
Recommendations for Application
Conclusion
From the Paper "Based on the data provided here, it seems reasonable to argue that corporate social responsibility encompasses a wide range of issues for the organization, requiring the fair, equitable, ethical and legal treatment of all organizational stakeholders. Stakeholders include employees and the public as a whole--i.e. anyone that will in some way be impacted by the organization. Through the adoption of comprehensive programs and policies that support fair and equitable treatment of stakeholders, the organization is able to establish a clear corporate social responsibility program that will have direct implications for the way in which the organization does business. CSR programs are intended to have a holistic impact on the organization, producing improved outcomes in all levels of operations."
Abstract This paper discusses the Nike Corporation as one of the most effective examples of corporatesocialresponsibility (CSR) demanding change and forcing open reporting of CSR and ethical concerns. The paper explains that, as a result of CSR, Nike moved away from secretly supporting multinational archaic sweatshop contractor employees to now demanding that international contractors operate under U.S. labor laws. The paper further explains that, whereas Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) reportings are purely financial in their approach, CSR reporting is voluntary, includes any issue that the company deems appropriate for CSR standards and can be done by both public and private companies.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Case Study CSR Reporting
CSR Reporting Compared
From the Paper "Many companies choose to expand CSR by creating a code of conduct on which to base other reported or unreported ethical standards. If it is important to an industry or company to reduce particulate emissions into the water and air, increase labor fairness or even limit waste production and reuse of scrap materials, then it can and should be written into their code of conduct. A code of conduct can really be anything that includes ethical CSR principles and is usually an agreement between companies and employees and possibly suppliers and the purchasers that demand compliance with regard to internal CSR."
Tags: green nike, codes of conduct, transparency, fair labor practices
Abstract The paper discusses how companies must be responsive to the needs of the communities in which they compete, in a process termed corporatesocialresponsibility (CSR). The paper provides an overview of CSR and demonstrates through research how, in the course of pursuing CSR initiatives, some companies have developed very innovative products and services that are beneficial to the company's profitability. The paper also points out that the key to a company's success in using any type of innovation to a company's advantage, from the CSR perspective, is to communicate with local municipal authorities, the press and most importantly, the general public.
Outline:
Review and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper "What do companies owe? Besides the obvious answers of accounts payable and taxes and the like, an increasingly common observation being made among policymakers, the general public and even corporate circles is that companies of all types must also be responsive to the needs of the communities in which they compete in a process termed corporate social responsibility (CSR). According to one observer, "It is clear that society expects much more from companies than simply a well-made product or a reliable service at the right price. Society is becoming less and less tolerant of companies that fail to address their social responsibilities. As a result, corporate social responsibility has become a hot topic in boardrooms around the world" (Stigson, 2002, p. 24). Today, many analysts are recommending a more strategic approach to the corporate social responsibility function by using CSR as a source of innovation (Allen & Husted, 2006)."
Abstract The paper examines the websites and media communications of Ben & Jerry's, McDonald's and Avon and highlights these companies' efforts at corporatesocialresponsibility (CSR). The paper uses these companies to show that CSR is an investment that generates tangible benefits.
Outline:
Ben & Jerry's, McDonald's and Avon
Conclusion
From the Paper "Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) emphasizes that firms should think about ALL "stakeholders" rather than just the "shareholders" in ALL of its operations (Value Chain) ("Stakeholders as Shareholders", 1996). It seems only logical that business leaders should engage in responsible decision making and behavior in their personal and professional roles. Yet, critics of CSR contend that the job of the business is to focus only on making money; "... the notion that the corporation should apply its assets for social purposes, rather than for the profit of its owners, the shareholders, is irresponsible" (Atkins, 2006). However, these critics fail to realize that CSR is an investment that will actually help a company's bottom line because consumers increasingly value supporting businesses that are socially responsible ("Good Business Deeds", 2004). Three companies that have recognized this sentiment include Ben & Jerry's, McDonald's and Avon as shown by their web sites and media communications."
Abstract This paper examines how socialresponsibility is an important concern of corporations and community alike. In particular, it discusses the important tool of corporatesocialresponsibility (CSR) and how firms use it. The paper looks at how it is usually used for financial gains or for enhancing a company's image and how some firms might engage in it for purely philanthropic reasons. The paper recommends uses for corporate soical responsibility and discusses how it can be tied with better financial health.
Outline:
Introduction
Theory and Assumptions
How SocialResponsibility Affects Business
Recommendations
References
From the Paper "Social responsibility has also become a buzzword because of the availability of large variety of similar goods. When a product comes into the market, it has to fight very hard for consumer's attention because there are several other rival goods competing for the same. A marketing and design consultant (Neuborne, 1991) states: "There was a time when you bought a product just for its price or performance...but with the number of products available, it is increasingly difficult to differentiate one product from another." In this situation, a consumer may base his buying decision on company's image and its commitment to public good. This is clearly indicated by a book, 'Shopping for a Better World' that has been selling millions of copies since it first came out in the market."
Abstract The paper relates that being a sociallyresponsiblecorporation company costs money and effort, which is a luxury that very few firms can enjoy. The author points out that, as much as a company may want to become more sociallyresponsible and have the resources to back up these initiatives, it also has to consider the socio-political issues that will likely be beyond their control. The paper states that, on the other hand, the price to society of not having sociallyresponsible companies is much more daunting because companies do not stand separately from society. The author underscores that CSR is not just about doing something that is considered virtuous or righteous, it is about being a productive member of society. The paper concludes that being a sociallyresponsible company should be an integral element of any company that wants to realize its total potential.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Question of Cost-Effectiveness
Burden of Costs
Justification of Costs
Added Benefits
Enhancing Reputation
Developing and Protecting Potentials
Industrial Development
Conclusion
From the Paper "For tourist oriented companies, the protection of the environment ensures that they have a product to offer. But the benefit does not only extend to these companies, many non-tourism based companies also benefit from the increased commerce and having access to an international market. The International Ecotourism Society in 2005 estimated the report on the tourism industry to contribute $3.6 trillion in economic activity and is growing at the rate of 20%-34% annually. As much as the protection of the environment benefits everyone, the reality is that, because of the economic benefits they can bring, CSR efforts for the issue is the primary motivation for most companies."
Abstract This paper discusses corporatesocialresponsibility (CSR) in terms of the overall relationship of the corporation with all of its stakeholders. Included in this discussion are customers, employees, communities, owners/investors, government, suppliers and competitors. The elements of socialresponsibility include investment in community outreach, employee relations, creation and maintenance of employment, environmental responsibility, human rights and financial performance.
From the Paper "The emergence of the concept of socially responsible corporations has become a hot topic as society in the 21st century becomes increasingly aware of situations in which a company's business practices are questioned. The heightened interest in the ethical role that corporations play has been perpetuated by increased awareness of corporate ethical issues. "
Abstract This paper is a plan for a major research paper on the topics of globalization, corporatesocialresponsibility (CSR) and the automotive industry production chain, using the specific example of Toyota Motors Corporation of Japan. The objective of the study is to better understand corporatesocialresponsibility and how it can be utilized to not only benefit the customer, but also be utilized as a competitive advantage by the organization committed to the concept, through an analysis and assessment of Toyota's corporatesocialresponsibility practices and principles across their globalized production chain.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Globalization
CorporateSocialResponsibility Supply Chain Literature
Toyota Motors Corporation's Success
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper "Much has been written on the topics of globalization and corporate social responsibility. "Globalization characterises the international setting of business transactions in which U.S. and world multinational companies will increasingly participate over the next several decades" (Carroll 2004). Globalization is a reality that businesses must face if they hope to be successful. Today competition doesn't simply come from competitors located in the same city, state, or even the same country - but can come from anywhere around the globe. As technology advances and geographical boundaries become less and less of a hindrance, operating in this new environment efficiently and effectively becomes critical (Micklethwait & Wooldridge 2000; Smeets 1990). Globalization has increased the mobility of capital (Koechlin 1995). And, with globalization, the rise and decline of world powers instigates global political evolution (Modelski 1996). "
An assessment of the competing claims of the stockholder stakeholder approaches to corporatesocialresponsibility, and a look at similarities and differences of each type of approach to responsibility.
2,515 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 10 sources, 2001, $ 76.95
Abstract This essay will discuss the competing claims of both the stockholder and the stakeholder approaches to corporatesocialresponsibility. An explanation for corporatesocialresponsibility will be provided and arguments will be put forward for similarities and differences in the stockholder and stakeholder approaches to this movement. Evidence to support these arguments will be provided throughout the essay.
From the paper:
"Before discussing the competing claims, it must be understood what is meant by the term corporatesocialresponsibility. Corporatesocialresponsibility is just one aspect of business ethics and has become increasingly important for companies operating in the global economy. It is a fast developing and increasingly competitive field. There is no single, commonly accepted definition of corporatesocialresponsibility but it generally refers to the idea that businesses are accountable for the effects of their actions on the community and should seek socially and economically beneficial results. It involves operating a business in a way that meets ethical and legal standards as well as meeting public expectation. Decisions taken by managers need to satisfy the needs of the community and companies must be accountable for the way in which their results are achieved."
Abstract This paper discusses how the future manager's challenge will be to rebuild societal faith in his organization specifically and the corporate world in general. The paper explains that the recent financial and ethical scandals have encouraged organizations to meet the social demands of the public in order to regain the trust and loyalty of both consumers and investors.
Outline:
Introduction
The Social Contract and the Breakdown of Societal Trust
A Changing Society Equals A Changing Demand for CorporateSocialResponsibility Conclusion
From the Paper "An organization's social contract can be described as the obligations and expectations that society and organizations mutually have with one another. However, over recent years, there has been a breakdown in societal trust, due to the blatant disregard of this contract by so many businesses. In generations past, hard work and loyalty to an organization equated to job security. When employees were productivity and the company was profitable, employees were rewarded with increased income. An employers good fortune was linked to their employees and vice versa. However, with today's increased globalization and deregulation of so many industries, have broken their half of the social contract with massive blue collar and white collar layoffs, as well as the numerous accounting scandals that have rocked the financial world including: Enron, Worldcom, and Tyco."
Abstract This paper discusses Starbucks' efforts at corporatesocialresponsibility (CSR). The paper analyzes Starbucks' policy regarding employee relations, environmental protection, an ethical means of procuring coffee and community building ventures in supplier nations. The paper reveals that, on the whole, the firm has managed to avoid serious controversy over its operating practices or community involvement. The paper uses this as evidence that Starbucks is making an effort to be recognized as a sociallyresponsiblecorporation.
From the Paper "Starbucks Coffee is indisputably the single largest coffee chain in the world with 15,000 locations around the globe. Starbucks can also be seen at designated spots at airports, grocery stores, universities and hotels. But with big business comes big responsibility and Starbucks is making commendable efforts to display a sense of corporate social responsibility. Not everyone would agree with Starbucks that it is highly ethical and very socially responsible but there has been little rage against the firm's operating practices so it can be argued that Starbucks is doing something right."
Abstract This paper discusses the similarities between business ethics and corporatesocialresponsibility. It discusses business ethics and corporatesocialresponsibility in terms of an organization's value system. It concludes that not only are they similar expressions of corporate and organizational behavior, but business ethics are derived from corporatesocialresponsibility.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Overview
Corporate Governance
The Ethics of SocialResponsibility Conclusion
From the Paper "Clearly, as the board of an organization, in tandem with the organization's executive leadership, begins to design a corporate social responsibility program, they must first refer to the company's own ethical character. Before a company can begin a program to institute green policies, for example, or implement a community based job training program, it must be in compliance with the regulatory policies that govern its financial reporting and compliance requirements. Indeed, researchers such as Riley, (2006, p.20), believe that business ethics is simply a component of corporate social responsibility and describes business ethics as an expression of how the organization treats people: employees, competitors, or otherwise."
Abstract This paper examines how corporate character and corporatesocialresponsibility have tended to be high on the list of social and ethical concerns in modern times. It argues that the role of the individual in ethical action surpasses that of the corporation, as by default the corporation is not an entity which can be held accountable for its actions. In order to discuss the concept of individual responsibility, as it applies to corporate culture, the paper looks at three high profile case studies: It looks at Enron, WorldCom and Nike and discusses ethical and legal issues surrounding them as well as actions taken toward accountability.
Outline:
Introduction
Punitive Action Against the Corporation The Public Cries Foul
Conclusion
From the Paper "Enron and WorldCom are two names that will likely go down in infamy with regard to fraudulent business practices. They also boast being responsible for one of the most sweeping alterations in tax and accounting laws that has ever occurred in a single piece of tax legislation. These changes will impact all levels and sizes of business, not to mention accounting firms who work for them for years to come. Yet these changes are external forces, not imposition of individual ethic. In a sense the changes that have occurred as a result of Enron and WorldCom in conjunction with ethics are punitive and collective, applying to all corporations to protect the public from future fraud. In other words they are preventative, restrictions on future actions, yet again those who will be held liable if the rules are broken are the individuals who break them, not the corporations themselves. In business much more thought must now go into the real financial situation of a company and the reported financial situation of a company expressed to the public and stakeholders. "
