Abstract This paper presents an analytic report on the impact of spam and users' private information, including issues of privacy and and anti-spam legislation. It looks at spam as a marketing or advertising strategy and the problem of increase in spam.
This paper discusses the growing lack of ethics in the communications industry as well as the need for more supervision and stricter guidelines when using copyrighted materials on the internet.
Abstract This paper examines the general lack of awareness and regulations regarding the ethical and legal implications involving copyrighted materials displayed on the internet. Business and technology follows the imperative of development with little regard for how ethics and morals are influenced and the end result is that ethical issues are often left behind. Also discussed is the changing nature of information and technology which has resulted in the changing nature of privacy. This paper examines both copyright and patent laws and the lack of supervision of these guidelines on the internet as well as the ongoing attempts by the industry to reinforce these same laws. Topics covered in this report include: Organizational Impacts/Issues Future of the Topic Conclusion Bibliography
From the Paper "Computers are seen as logical, rational devices, by which logical, rational actions are carried out, without any ethical implication. No blame or censure can thus be accorded when the computer suffers a breakdown or when the software has a bug. Such technology is seen as an entity on its own, without any moral intervention or evaluation. The reason for this is another result of the rapid development of technology. Few truly understand the nature of computing or information technology. Technology is used as a tool, without being attached to ethical responsibility."
Abstract This well-researched paper centers on the matter of copyrighted material in terms of literary works, musical compositions, dramatic works, pantomimes and choreographic works, pictorial and multi-media packages within CD-ROMs among others. This paper focuses on the legalities of copyright in the three countries cited primarily from the point of view held by archives. The writer of this paper begins by offering a detailed definition of both archives and copyright. According to this paper, a copyright is a set of laws and rules that are established as a particular form of government with the primary goal of protecting the original works of the author. This paper delves into various concepts of copyright including its being construed as a certain specification of law within a particular field of work. The writer examines the situation in the U.K. which currently houses nearly 2,000 archive repositories of various types in England. This paper analyzes the Title 17, U.S. Code copyright law which applies and can only be enforced in the U.S. The Title 17, U.S. Code is given to original works of authorship including literary, dramatic, musical and other forms of artistic works which give the owner of the work in question the permission to reproduce said work. This paper details the significance of China's copyright laws on America while delving into the vast differences between China's perception of archived and documented material to that of the western world. The writer examines the growing field of online archives and libraries. This in-depth and informative paper also contains pertinent data and statistics relevant to this specific topic. According to published figures there are 1.5 million visits a year to archives while up to 75% of those who visit do so for private or personal research.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Archives and the Copyright Provisions in the West
Archives and the Copyright Provisions in China
Discussion
Bibliography
From the Paper "The term copyright has to be explained to some extent. Copying takes place in a number of instances and can be considered when a single copy is made of an article through photocopying, downloading pages from a Web site, or seeing a picture that has been loaded in the digital format. In all these instances, there is no violation of the rights of the copyright holder, as they may be considered to be a fair use of the facility. Since the question of copying is involved, there has to be an understanding as to whether there are violations of any rights of the copyright holder. The permissions have to be given when certain actions are involved like a movie version from a book, translation of a book into other languages, etc. In these cases, the rights of the copyright holder are involved, and it does not matter from where the person desirous of making the change got hold of the material. It depends on the copyright holder to say how the work for which they are holding copyright will be distributed to the public at large."
Abstract This paper examines copyright infringement and its use with public domain, author's rights, and electronic publishing. It refers to downloading and uploading copyright material, how a copyright is developed and possible legal actions when a copyright has been stolen.
From the Paper "In a recent Themestream Journalist Club email, a women wrote to complain about how her article on "birthing experiences" had been illegally taken and copied onto another website. To make matters worse, she said, ?The infringer not only posted my work to his private website, he signed his own name to my article claiming it as his original work.? Copyright infringement has always existed, but as electronic publishing becomes progressively popular, the danger of Copyright infringement increases."
Abstract This paper describes the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DCMA) and considers its ramifications in the marketplace. It concludes that the Act is cumbersome and will need to have key provisions tested in the courts before its effectiveness is actually determined.
From the Paper "Technology often out paces ethical and legal developments. For many years copyright law remained static as wholesale unauthorized duplication of printed materials was difficult. Fair use rules evolved regarding ..."
Tags: Digital Millennium Copyright Act, DMCA, copyright infringement, Internet
Abstract The paper explains that the case of Napster is typical of copyright infringement because it demonstrates just how inadequate legislation is as it relates to digital technology. The paper explains that in addition, Napster represents just one area where copyright can be violated. The paper shows how the Napster case reveals that in terms of digital technology, the fundamental issue concerns how to reconcile the traditional concept of contributory liability with the widespread use of digitized works made available by the Internet.
From the Paper "With the advent of digital technology, research has found that as many as 90 percent of all Internet users and about 70 percent of users who share files freely admit that copyright is not an issue for them. These people regularly download many different kinds of files, ranging from movies to computer programs. The most likely individuals to download music and share files are students. Young adults behave in comparable ways since they also normally are not concerned about the copyright status of whatever files they download. Music is very easily downloaded, and it is far easier to download music than full-length feature movies."
Abstract This paper explains that understanding copyright infringement and the legalities of fair use/fair dealing is an important part of knowing how ownership is guarded by the law. The paper further explains that, although there are cases that deviate from the norm in judgments that define fair use, the norm suggests that profitability is the main core ingredient that helps to keep copyrighted information for use by the general public for academic or no-profit purposes.
From the Paper "In this study, the basis for copyright law will be analyzed in order to divulge the legal premise for legal action that defines infringement. By taking certain cases that act as landmarks to legal action this regard, the differing definitions of copyright infringement have become a complex web of semantics and court judgments. Furthermore, the use of "fair use" or "fair dealing' will be discussed in relation to how these laws are upheld and enforced by the court system. In essence, the definition of infringement and its..."
Abstract This paper looks at the current issues facing music artists in Australia. These include: DJs, copyright issues and intellectual property laws (file sharing, copying CDs ). The concerns of the current music industry are also addressed in response to these issues.
From the Paper "Copyright protection in Australia, and 'any other country which is also a party to an international copyright treaty', (www.law.gov.au) begins the moment the work is completed. Australia is a member of a number of international treaties and conventions including: Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (Berne Convention), World Trade Organisation Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement), International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations (Rome Convention); and Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms Against Unauthorized Duplication of their Phonograms (Geneva Phonograms Convention). (www.law.gov.au)"
Abstract This paper discusses the case whereby Michael Baigent and Richard Leigh, authors of 'The Holy Blood' and the 'Holy Grail', recently sued Random House, the publishers of the best-selling novel, 'The Da Vinci Code', written by Dan Brown. According to the paper, Baigent and Leigh alleged that Brown had infringed copyright law in 'The Da Vinci Code', by appropriating the architecture of 'The Holy Blood' and the 'Holy Grail'. Interestingly, both books were published by the same publishing house, so that Baigent and Leigh were in effect suing their own publisher.
This paper tackles the issues of privacy and security with regards to computing technology, discussing such topics as passwords, identity theft and company abuse.
Abstract In today's technological world it is vital for everyone to be aware of the threats that we face. This paper provides an overview of two major fears that computer users have with regards to computing technology: Privacy and Security. Illustrations of how privacy and security are being abused and breached are provided throughout the paper. It also discuss ways of protecting ourselves from abuses in privacy and security.
I. Introduction
II. Fears over Security
A. Data Security
B. Passwords And Physical Security
III. Fears over Privacy A. Identity theft
B. Abuse by companies
IV. What needs to be done
V. Conclusion
VI. Works Cited
From the Paper "Visualize a world without cars, a world without telephones, and a world without television. Without these technologies we, as a society, would be almost paralyzed. We would have difficulty to move, difficulty to communicate, and difficulty to get information. It is thus apparent how fundamental technology is to the survival of our civilization. Technology is an integral part of our society. It is in the movies we watch. It is in the food we eat. It is all over the world that we live in. It encompasses everything that forms our lives. Technology is important because of the basic fact that it brings about tremendous benefits to mankind. Thus, with all these conveniences and advantages that technology brings to us it is difficult to imagine a world without it."
Abstract This paper proposes a new law called The Workplace Privacy and Productivity Act to standardize workplace privacy issues rather than having the courts resolve them on a case-by-case basis. The paper discusses balancing the needs of the organization with the needs of employees.
From the Paper "Employees and employers have long struggled to balance the needs of the organization with the personal needs of workers. As employees work longer hours they may feel entitled to use the phones provided by the employer for ..."
Tags: Human resources, employee privacy, workplace privacy
Abstract This paper investigates issues associated with privacy and computers, including medical information and the Internet. It considers the key areas of electronic privacy. The paper looks at electronic monitoring in the workplace, medical database privacy restrictions and legal problems associated with electronic privacy.
Abstract This paper reviews various types of electronic privacy issues including workplace monitoring, medical databases and the Internet issues. The author explains legal and constitutional issues. The paper explains the risks in monitoring employees and problems of endangerment of the right to privacy.
From the Paper "While the government business and healthcare industries have touted the benefits of being able to combine multiple databases and provide better service to customers and stakeholders, concerns have arisen that ..."
Tags: electronic privacy, internet privacy, privacy, electronic monitoring
Abstract This paper discusses privacy and today's growing information systems technology in all fields, specifically on healthcare. Computerization of health care information, while offering new, viable opportunities to improve and streamline the health care delivery system, the author finds, also presents new challenges to individual privacy interests in personal health care data. He feels that technical and organizational capabilities to secure and maintain confidentiality in data must work in tandem with legislation to preserve those privacy interests while making appropriate information available for approved uses.
From the Paper "Concerns over the privacy and security of electronic health information fall into two general categories: concerns about inappropriate releases of information from individual organizations; and concerns about the systemic flows of information throughout the health care and related industries. Inappropriate releases from organizations could result either from authorized users who intentionally or unintentionally access or disseminate information in violation of organizational policy, or from outsiders who break into an organization's computer system. The second category--systemic concerns--refers to the open disclosure of patient-identifiable health information to parties that may act against the interests of the specific patient or may otherwise be perceived as invading a patient's privacy. These concerns arise from the many flows of data across the health care system, between and among providers, payers, and secondary users, with or without the knowledge of the patient. These two categories of concerns are conceptually quite different requiring different interventions or countermeasures (?For the Record,? 1997, 54)."
Abstract The author of this paper feels that the general approach to addressing privacy on the internet has led to a debate between government and self-regulation with technology only providing a modest recourse. He feels that any attempt to address privacy concerns will depend on the very institutions that have been pitted aginst each other. This papers evaluates the rationale for each of these approches and concludes by presenting a interdependence model for regulating privacy on the internet.
From the Paper "Before its demise two years back, Toysmart.com made a standard promise to its customers: The Company's privacy statement assured customers that Toysmart would never sell information registered at the site, including children's names and birth dates. But in the liquidation proceedings, Toysmart.com declared that its customer lists were business assets and therefore it was allowed to sell the lists to a "qualified buyer" that would be a successor-in-interest to the customer information (Doherty, 2001). DoubleClick is an Internet advertising company that tracks Internet user behavior in order to better target banner ads. Not only did DoubleClick deceive consumers by claiming in multiple earlier privacy policies that information collected would remain anonymous, the company also unfairly collected and linked information about Internet users without their knowledge or control. Elensys Inc., a Woburn, Massachusetts company had been secretly collecting the pharmacy records of millions of consumers from 15,000 pharmacies nationwide a deed which won them the infamous Big Brother Award. The above examples are just one of the few brought out in the public light revealing the utter disdain with which corporations deal with consumers personal data. These organizations while raking in huge profits bombard consumers with massive loads of unwanted spam while strategically selling on data to unknown third parties, where it gets aggregated along with other databases for the purpose of online profiling. The rapid advances in new intelligence gathering technologies, and their almost limitless spectrum of functions, creates a buoyant surveillance economy. It is known that on an average, each adult in the developed world is located in 200 computer databases (Davies, Unknown). Such facts present an increasingly dangerous ground for privacy conscious consumers to tread on."
