Abstract The paper is an extensive essay on Christian mission and is addressed in two sections. Firstly the Biblical commentary and the church's interpretation explaining that Christian mission is conversion. The second section attends to scriptural outlooks on conversion. The paper continues and explains how the terms "mission" and "conversion" are interpreted by various commentators and finally looks at how this is all applicable to the Indian community.
Outline:
Introduction
Understanding of mission
Scriptural perspective on conversion Mission and conversion Its implications for the church today
Conclusion
From the Paper "In this chapter I would like to give some idea and concept of mission as understood by Christians. The Christian mission is rooted in the Holy Scriptures. They and only they alone are able to make man 'wise and able to instruct you for salvation" (2 Tim 3:15). From them Christians derive their message, their mandate, their motivation, and their methodology. Apart from the word of God the missionary movement has neither meaning nor sanction. According to the 'new theology' man is not eternally lost, because God is a loving Father. His all conquering love and his irresistible grace will finally win the last day, and till men will be saved. Indeed, they are already saved by the virtue of Jesus' death on the cross. The task of Today's missionary, then is simply to inform the non-Christians that, without their knowledge or consent, all men are 'in Christ', and as such are part of the new humanity of which he is the head."
Tags: theology, mission, conversion, church, bible, India
Abstract Tracing the life of Augustine, this paper aims to identify the stages of conversion as noted by Augustine himself in his Confessions. The writer examines reasons for his conversion and the historical significance of the conversion itself.
From the Paper "Fourth century Rome was a time of many changes. Writers and common society alike pointed out many of the problems within the framework of the Empire. Although many writers, such as Aristides, were quick to point out the virtues of Rome, there were definite undercurrents of uneasiness throughout the empire. Many citizens, fearing the growing climate of immorality and desiring deeper spirituality, turned to a new power: Christianity. There is no work which tells better the allure of Christianity than St. Augustine's Confessions-a work in which a man tells of the stages of his conversion to the religion which was to be the most influential factor in the development of European history. Augustine's main purpose in writing the confessions was to praise God, to extol the wisdom of God and to search for God through prayer. In his Confessions, Augustine describes five stages in his conversion to Christianity: his love of philosophy, sparked by the readings of Cicero's Hortensius; his conversion to and disenchantment with Manichaenism; his meeting of St. Ambrose; his conversion to Platonism, and a final mystical experience which led to his total conversion in 386."
Abstract This essay shows that Nike's acquisition of Converse increases Nike's competitiveness as they increase their overall market share through entering the 'retro'-style sports fashion market segment with an established brand, Converse, without damaging the positioning of Nike as an ultramodern technology sports brand. The paper explains that compared to Adidas, Reebok and Puma which may weaken their core positioning by their brand extension strategy, Nike will keep leadership in sports without leaving the 'retro' shoe market to their competitors.
1. Introduction
2. Why Does Nike's Recent Acquisition of Converse Strengthens its Competition?
2.1 Market Segmentation
2.2 Brand Strategy
3. Risks
4. Conclusion
5. Reference List
From the Paper "Nike is the largest sports goods manufacturer in the world. For reason of simplification this essay concentrates on the sports shoe market only. The word "Nike" is used for both, the "Nike company" as well as for the "Nike brand".
Nike, as market leader, is especially known for its ultramodern, technology driven sports shoes serving under its corporate brand "Nike" the various sports categories: e.g. "Nike Basketball, Nike Running, Nike Tennis, Nike Golf" (Nike.com, 2003) with the 'best for athletes' image. This strategy is underlined by Nike's top sport star endorsements such as Tiger Woods, Andre Agassi, James LeBron etc.
The main competitors in sports shoes as well as in the other sports goods categories of Nike are Adidas, Reebok and Puma.
Converse, a relatively small sports shoe manufacturer, however with a long, 90 years' tradition is particularly famous for its 'Chuck Taylor Allstar', the first basketball shoe ever."
Abstract This paper is a short discussion of Augustine's conversion of faith, towards the church and away from Gnosticism and skepticism, and how this conversion coincides with the changes in his will and sexual appetite.
From the Paper "In The Confessions, St. Augustine goes through three distinct intellectual conversions in his adult life that led to the ultimate goal of conversion of his will toward God. Augustine's method is extremely philosophical in nature. The first stage of his conversion is acceptance of Manicheism; a doctrine he continually criticized throughout the book. The second stage is somewhat of a transitional period in Augustine's life where those philosophies he accepted with the Manichee faith are challenged and rebutted. The third and final stage of Augustine's intellectual conversion and subsequent conversion of the will is his appraisal of neo-platonic philosophy. Although Augustine remains is concerned about how conversion may affect his lifestyle and sexual appetite throughout the book, his intellectual progression ultimately leads to his conversion."
This paper discusses postmodern novels as conversations, looking at Manuel Puig's 'Kiss of the Spider Woman' and Tayeb Salih's 'A Season of Migration to the North'.
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that novels are usually thought of as descriptive mediums that tell stories, either from the perspective of one character or an omniscient third-person narrator. The writer then points out that both the novels, 'A Season of Migration to the North' by Tayeb Salih and 'Kiss of the Spider Woman' by Manuel Puig, are novels that also function as conversations, much like plays, where speech, particularly recollected memory and speech, form the primary focus of the plots. The writer discusses that the title of the 'Kiss of the Spider Woman' is a reference to a recollected and retold film beloved of one of the characters, not one of the actual protagonists. Further the writer notes that Salih's novel takes place primarily in retrospective, in the words of a first-person narrator discussing and comparing his memories with a fellow, sympathetic national.
From the Paper "Salih's novel takes place between two men whom are technically free, while Manuel Puig's Kiss of the Spider Woman evolves as a dialogue between two men in prison. Yet the freedom these men obtain, intellectually, and in terms of shaking off of their previous misconceptions about what constitutes a good life, provide a far more liberating message than the chronicled struggles of Mustafa and his compatriots abroad. This is especially striking given the initially incommensurate perspectives of Puig's prisoners. In Kiss of the Spider Woman of the men, Molina is a homosexual who has been imprisoned for untoward acts towards young men. The other man, Valentin, is a revolutionary imprisoned by the government. But because they are forced, out of loneliness and desperation, to engage in humane dialogue with one another, these differences are broached."
This paper looks at the theory of conversation analysis, which analyzes and identifies the different denotations, implications, backgrounds and perspectives of the discussions that take place within a community or an institution.
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that discussions and their evaluations that take place are simultaneously significant for a society to identify and solve any problem or deficits that they are facing. The writer points out that conversation analysis is one of the ways that was initiated 3 decades ago to analyze discussions. It is considered the most popular offshoot of the field of discourse analysis. The writer discusses that since its birth, the concept of conversation analysis has proven to be a popular overall tool especially when dealing with social and communal issues. The writer studies conversation analysis focusing on this concept within a call center. The writer concludes that the main elements for conversation analysis within a call centre revolve around the potential evaluations at the micro and macro grounds of an interaction, the management of taking turns, the management of the entire design of the interaction, the concept and use of adjacency pairs, the preference management structure and the supervision or management of expressions.
Outline:
Introduction
Conversation Analysis
Conversation Analysis: Practical Groundwork
Conversation Analysis within a Call Centre
Facets of Conversational Exchanges within a Corporate Call Centre
Conversation Analysis and Related Criticism
Conclusion
From the Paper "The link between the two forms of researches that conversation analysts have focused on: ordinary conversation and institutional talk is of hierarchical nature. One of the two, the ordinary conversation, because of its existence from the initiation of conversation analysis takes the higher place on the ladder of hierarchy. Furthermore, the ordinary conversation format is far more experienced and has been far more researched then the institutional talk format because of its nature to include both the individuals' outlook as well as the community's outlook. The format of institutional talk, which includes the schools, media, courts, etc., is comparatively a newer concept and hence has been more popular for the recent researchers; this is also why it has been going through far more shared modifications in recent years."
Abstract This study evaluates the usefulness of a written draft program in educating conversational communication skills to vocal and well-read children suffering from autism. Additionally, generality of conversational skillfulness gathered from the written draft program is measured with untaught subjects of conversation, and with a dissimilar conversational associate in a dissimilar location. Paper includes copies of articles used by the author.
Background of the Study
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Significance of the Study
Research Questions
Assumptions
Delimitation
Individual Education Plan
Historical Overview
Relevant Theoretical Literature
Review of Published Outcome Studies
Relevant Research
Research Design
Site Setting
Population
Sample
Measurement Methods
Procedure
Data Analysis
Summary
From the Paper "While developing social skills of autistic children, it is common knowledge that extremely high levels of language disorders are a trademark characteristic (Baker, 2001; Chassman, 1999; National Research Council, 2001). Just about fifty percent of children suffering from autism are found to be practically voiceless (National Research Council, 2001) at the same time the rest of the children suffering from autism who do converse show stern language discrepancies (e.g., Waltz, 1999; Attwood, 1998; Attwood, 2003). More often than not, speech has been limited to simple replies to queries, or to concise terms of a requirement or longing (e.g., "1 would like a cookie") (Seroussi, 2000)."
An analysis of male and female conversational styles based on Deborah Tannen's "You Just Don't Understand," which discusses how men and women act substantially differently in a number of ways - including conversational style.
800 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 0 sources, 2001, $ 28.95
Abstract This paper analyzes the book "You Just Don't Understand by the linguist Deborah Tannen. The sees it as a work of popular psychology written with the intention of analyzing and explaining the different conversational and linguistic styles of men and women. The author cites Tannen's central thesis that some of the difficulties in communication between men and women in the workplace and at home are the result of the inherently different conversational styles of the sexes.
From the Paper "Some of Tannen's theories tend to support common preconceived notions of gender norms. For instance, women are thought to emphasize collaboration and consensus when coming to a group decision. Men tend to use confrontation, even when they are in some form of basic agreement with the individual with whom they are speaking. This male, confrontational style, even when done in a friendly manner, can be alienating to women. Women, in contrast, often use conversation not as a means of communicating information but as a way of reaffirming interpersonal connections. This is why men often think that women are talking about nothing. The purpose of such traditionally female speech is not the topic of conversation that is at hand, rather it is to say, "Yes we're friends", or Yes we're together", or simply "I am here for you." This is why women are often taken aback when, in trying to talk about their day, the man in their life tries to solve the problem their words have brought up, rather than simply listening to them and acknowledging and affirming "Yes, you did have a problem at work today."
Tags: gender, male, female, sexual identity, sex role stereotype
Abstract This paper examines the conversion of Native Americans during the colonial period, primarily in the 16th and 17th centuries. The author delineates the conversion methods of the Spanish, the French, and the English, as well as the resistance movements on the part of the Native Americans. The essence of the paper lies in analyzing the effects of conversion, and how the groups interacted with each other.
From the Paper "It is not often that one thinks of any European nation as uncultured or backward, but it takes only a single look towards the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and the conquest of North America to see that perhaps the conquered were more forward moving, at least spiritually, than their conquerors. Though thought to be savage and primitive, the natives of North America had long since developed coherent religious systems, as intricate as those of the Europeans - even bearing similarities to them. Christianity and its various forms, however, proved to be a much less understanding opponent to the Native Americans, who hardly expected to be opposed in the first place. Along with the "discovery" of the New World came an onslaught of attempts towards conversion."
Shows how gender and power play an important role in determining the experiences of interpersonal communication, comparing public and private conversations.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 8 sources, 2002, $ 80.95
Abstract Gender differences in interpersonal communication has been studied in the contexts of power and social roles. This essay considers the kinds of speech that take place in interpersonal communication where public and private conversations are compared. Two different research studies are examined for understanding how public and private speech can be studied in research settings and for establishing a difference in the experiences of public and private conversations. Gender and power play a substantial role in determining the experiences of interpersonal communication, where women are subordinated in both public and private contexts of speaking. The difference is in the awareness of the role being played in conversations, where women are less aware of their role in public speech and more aware of their role in private speech.
Abstract In this paper the author looks at the biographical typology of the conversion narrative, the structurally and thematically fixed point of the conversion, the consistent intrusion of a double perspective and the allegories of spiritual progress that appear in Daniel Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe". He analyzes these points to show that they all provide the narrative with moments of coherence and meaning. The author looks at "Robinson Crusoe" not as a spiritual autobiography, or even properly a conversion narrative; but as a tangential account of Crusoe's life which intrudes only along the margins of the narrative, with flashes of coherence and pattern that serve to set off the general experience of the narrator. He looks at this as an experience which tends toward wandering, indirectness and confusion. In conclusion, the author states that the beginning of the novel "Robinson Crusoe" is actually the end of the novel where the course of human life is only touched by completeness and in doing so Defoe is cleverly telling the reader about the confusion of human experience.
From the Paper "The genius of Defoe's novel partly lies in the association of these two antithetical narrative structures into a single narrative. Defoe had his eye on the Puritan conversion narrative but also on the earlier long fiction of the seventeenth century, the romance. The conversion narrative, in particular the spiritual autobiography, often appears to lend the narrative pattern and coherence. The adventure or romance narrative offers Defoe not only a structure for the piling on of wonders and variety, but undercuts the coherence and meaning inherent in the conversion narrative, and ultimately the patterning of history or biography in any sense. Spiritual autobiography fails to supply an organizing principle for Crusoe's life, despite the narrator's attempts, because Crusoe's underlying "malaise", his integral restlessness, 2 constantly thrusts his life out of the enclosures imposed by the conversion event."
Abstract This paper is written about the conversion of Paralios and how it relates to the theories of Stark and Macmullin. The rapid growth of Christianity has spread through family and friends faster than any evangelism. This can be seen in the conversion of Paralios.
Abstract This paper discusses the mysterious story behind the Roman Emperor Constantine's conversion to Christianity. The paper explains that due to the lack of historical evidence, there are many speculations surrounding his conversion. The paper contends that one of the most commonly accepted facts is that Constantine saw something when he looked up at the sun that caused him to convert to Christianity.
From the Paper "The Roman Emperor Constantine's conversion to Christianity is a story filled with intrigue and mystery. Due to the lack of historical evidence, many speculations arise from his conversion. One of the most commonly accepted facts is that Constantine certainly saw something that day in 312 when he looked up at the sun. Some believe that he did see a sign from God. Others believe that Constantine saw ice crystals in the sun's rays. What he saw we will never know but what he did after his vision changed the course of Western history and there can be no doubt that Constantine credited his vision as a sign from the Christian God."
Abstract This paper is written as if the three great philosophers, Plato, Aristotle and Sextus Empricus, were having a conversation about the existence of reality. The author of the paper uses the conversation to highlight the different perspectives of reality held by each philosopher.
From the Paper "Sextus Empiricus: That would depend on how you define reality. To me, reality is different from what it is to you. My idea is that I can pose an opposite to any appearance or judgment. And. Because of the equality of force in the argument that ensues, I am simply not able to know for certain which is right."
Abstract This paper examines what constitutes sexual harassment, especially sexually harassing conversations. The focus of the paper is sexual harassment in the workplace, although other situations are also described. The writer describes the motivation behind the inappropriate conversations, and how victims can bring charges against the perpetrators. Several law suits involving sexual harassment are presented.
From the Paper "The restaurant industry in particular has seen its share of sexual harassment claims. It has been estimated that hundreds of thousands of dollars were spent by the foodservice industry in one year alone on sexual harassment claims. The State of California reported that there are anywhere from 1,163 and 1,275 reported cases of sexual harassment for restaurant employees alone (Allen, et.al, 2005). Pizza of Florida, a company who does business throughout the state under the name ABC Pizza was required to pay $225,000 for two sisters who had been subjected to the unwanted conversation of an adult manager. His conversation. The lawsuit was brought against the company by the EEOC and was particularly heinous since the victims were 16 and 17 years old at the time and placed with the company on a high school on-the-job training program. It was not noted whether the company instituted any training program or review of potentially hostile working environments within other stores. It would appear that this would be a especially important if this company hosts' minor in their stores as part of a work training program. While the young women received monetary compensation for their discomfort, it was also not noted whether the manager was terminated. "
