Abstract This paper explains that the case study method has attained routine status as a viable method for doing education research especially for investigating topics not easily covered by other methods. The author stresses that the primary concern is that many sources should be used for gathering data because, in collecting case study data, the main idea is to establish converging lines of evidence. The paper presents details on issues relating to the conducting of qualitative and qualitative case studies. Examples of this type of research are incorporated into the paper.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Theoretical Approach to Research Study and its methodologies
The Purpose of implementing a Case Study Approach
Yin's Approach to Case Study Research
Creswell's Approach to Research Design
George and Bennett Theory Development in Social Science
Conclusion
From the Paper "The work of Creswell (1994) proposes that advantages exist for a researcher combining methods for gaining a better understanding of the phenomena or concept being tested or explored. Full interpretation is more likely when combining qualitative and quantitative research. The pilot study is important according to Creswell (1994) in that data from the pilot study may be used to enhance the validity of survey/questionnaires and assist in refining these for the study. According to Creswell (2003) qualitative research is exploratory in nature and used by researchers in examining topics in which the variables and theory base are not known."
Tags:convergencepilotexploratoryelearning, focus groups
Abstract The paper discusses the proposal to arm airline pilots. The paper looks at those in favor who argued that pilots needed the means to repel invaders into the cockpit. Those not in favor argued that it was dangerous for pilots to be carrying firearms and that doing so also put them in danger. The paper describes how the issue was considered as various legislation was proposed and as an increased effort was made to train air marshals for service to protect the flying public. The paper points out that the question is still often raised and continues to foster debate.
Abstract This paper explains that the need to understand the relationship between G-forces and human physiology is greater now than at any previous time in the history of powered flight, since the phenomenon of G-force-induced pilot incapacitation was initially identified by the very first generation of military combat pilots during the First World War.
From the Paper "Einstein demonstrated that linear acceleration and gravity are precisely equivalent forces. As a direct consequence of this principle, a 150-pound pilot with an eight-pound skull pulling 4 G's weighs (literally) 600 pounds and experiences his own head as weighing thirty-two pounds (Talleur, 2003). When one considers the importance of instantaneous 360-degree visibility, rapidly changing flight paths of multiple adversaries
in aerial combat maneuvers, and the necessity of quick hand and foot movements in the cockpit, the implications of G-force buildup are rather obvious. For the same reason,aircraft capable of producing high G-forces in departure from controlled flight have been equipped with explosive powered ejection seats, virtually since the dawn of the jet age
(Talleur, 2003)."
Abstract This paper explores the topic of media convergence. It discusses the question whether or not convergence will allow newspapers to recapture their readership, or if their content will play a bigger factor. The paper argues that with the Internet and more, cheaper, alternative mediums, it is now much easier to have an active competition in contrast to previous newspaper monopolies. The competition allows for richer content that will attract more viewers away from traditional sources.
From the Paper "Newspapers in North America have been adopting an open strategy of convergence in recent years. Once the dominant news source, they have been overtaken by television and increasingly the Internet. Concerned with profit margins, they are moving ever further into the realm of television, cell phones, the Internet and other media. The goal of the newspapers is to recapture lost audiences. However, this paper will argue that it is not just alternative mediums of technology, but the content of the news that will ultimately determine their ability to recapture readership. In recent years newspaper readership has been on a decline, while recent decades have been marked by the consolidation of the newspaper industry into fewer hands."
Abstract This paper reviews the article "Airline pilots should be armed" by John Lott. In the article the author stipulates that regardless of the terrorist events of 9/11 the airline industry has proven to remain vulnerable to attacks. The paper discusses how pilots of the country have voiced their concerns amid evidence of the vulnerability of the airline industry, yet their concerns have been ignored.
From the Paper " Lott (2005) contends that programs to allow pilots to carry firearms on the aircraft have been created in such a way that most pilots are prevented from protecting themselves. This is evident in the application procedures to carry firearms that have been produced by the federal government, according to Lott (2005). The application suggests that information may produce information that will lead to the pilots loosing their jobs, and this is a deterrent for most pilots. "
Abstract Since the hijackings of September 11, there has been a great deal of controversy involving the arming of airline pilots. Whether or not this is a good idea is the topic of this paper.
Abstract This paper discusses the basis of convergence in newspapers as overwhelmed by the massive competition that such a large database of free information creates in this marketing strategy. The paper discusses the effectiveness of this marketing tool of advertising and suggests reasons why it may not be as effective as desired.
From the Paper "Mass Communications: Understanding the Marketing Strategy of Convergence in the Newspaper Industry In this mass communications study the marketing strategy of convergence will be analyzed within the scope of the modern newspaper industry. The growing information sources and efficiency of the Internet has been a marketing strategy for print newspaper companies that wish to find a broader audience base. The success of this approach has been varied in the manner in which newspapers market their articles and news sources. In essence, the extremely broad scope of information that is now available on the Internet is a problematic, yet marketable source for newspapers that wish to attract various readerships to their news articles and stories."
Abstract The essay describes the origin, the need, the activities and the part played by women pilots in flying aircraft during World War II.
From the Paper "The women, although only civil servants, wore uniforms and served bravely. They had been promised military status, but when male pilots began returning from the war, there were some complaints that women had usurped their jobs as pilots. Women pilots who served in the war effort during World War II were not granted veteran's benefits until more than thirty years later. In deference to the mens' need for jobs, many of the women returned to traditional roles. At the end of the war, thousands of American women were dismissed from military service under a mandate passed in the early forties that had initially encouraged their participation."
Abstract In this article, the writer points out that when pilots become tired, they are more likely to make mistakes or even to fall asleep - both of which are unacceptable for anyone seeking to pilot an aircraft safely. This study examines how pilots are affected by fatigue in aviation and how this can lead to accidents. The research shows that pilot fatigue can be caused by some other, less readily identifiable, sources as well. To this end, the paper presents a review of the peer-reviewed, scholarly and popular literature concerning pilot fatigue followed by a summary of the research and important findings in the conclusion. The writer concludes that until the day comes when aircraft are completely autonomous and do not require human control, the issue of pilot fatigue will remain relevant and important to the flying public, pilots and policymakers alike. The paper
includes a figure and research log.
Outline:
Review and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper "When many people think of becoming fatigued, the cause usually relates to simply becoming physically tired for whatever reason, but the research quickly shows that pilots are subjected to a wide range of conditions that are unique to the profession. For example, according to Garland and his colleagues, pilot experiences during World War II suggest that noise and even vibrations can contribute to pilot fatigue. Likewise, Ward points out that pilots during World War II could become fatigued because of the very nature of their jobs and the types of aircraft involved .. "
Abstract This paper discusses various aspects of pilot fatigue, the causes of such fatigue and the associated dangers. The paper also discusses aviation accidents where pilot fatigue was proved to have been the cause. The paper further discusses ways in which pilot fatigue can be avoided.
Outline:
Introduction
Accidents Associated With Fatigue
Causes and Results of Pilot Fatigue
Past, Present and Future Responses to Pilot Fatigue
Conclusion
From the Paper "There are of coarse more recent examples that 1999 and as the attention of the aviation industry, the flying public and of coarse the media have become more attuned to these sorts of situations the accounts are more likely to list pilot fatigue as a major cause of an accident but ultimately the responsibility is often laid upon the individual flight crews as to their obvious inability to self advocate in situations where their physical and mental state is impaired by fatigue. The commercial industry often does not associate their own responsibility, regarding the over scheduling of pilots or the random and physically and mentally disruptive nature of changing time zones, sleep deprivation or limited downtime in a increasingly competitive and demanding environment where cost cutting is necessary and individuals are often lost in the shuffle of the schedule with longer lists of flights and generally lower cost flights that provide a lower return on the investment."
Abstract This paper examines how becoming a pilot or navigator is one of the most competitive challenges anyone can pursue and how it requires early planning and excellence in math, science, health, and behavior. It explores the need for the military to select people with a specific personality, behaviour, and skills and how, therefore, there is a need for selection programs. In particular, it attempts to evaluate whether there is a 'pilot personality' specified by the military that is supported by scientific data.
Outline
Introduction
History of Pilot Personality Studies
Military Pilot Personality Research Methods
Research Results / Findings
The Military Perspective
Conclusion
From the Paper "The latest research concentrates on factors beyond cognitive ability and psychomotor skills and does not compare different groups of the population. These studies focus on military flying personnel and examine factors like motivational problems and anxiety. "Personality measures were chosen on the basis of anecdotal evidence and from clinical experience with operational pilots"(Siem, F. M., 1992). The five examined characteristics are divided in "socially desirable characteristics" like self-confidence, mental flexibility and "social undesirable characteristics" like hostility, depression and mania (Siem, F. M., 1992). This examination was accomplished with a paper-and-pencil test filled out by the candidates."
Abstract This paper examines the rise of air medical and evacuation services in northern and remote areas of Canada after the 1920s, noting the continuing need for air ambulance services for Canadians living beyond road or rail networks. The paper points out that a great array of popular history material has been published in the last thirty years or so attesting to the romantic lives of bush pilots who indeed were often self-styled persons to occupy their own boundless milieu. The paper adds that a study of the many female bush pilots provides an intriguing aside on the women's history emphasis of the last decades that can lend an impression of women's domesticity that was by no means general. The paper concludes that, today, bush pilots retain their particular glamour, being well-equipped and trained with every benefit of modern communications and navigation, and still risking unusual, even ridiculous situations.
Outline:
Introduction
A Twentieth-Century Progression
Medical Services in Northern Canada
Saskatchewan
Training of Pilots and Medical Staff
Concluding Discussion
From the Paper "With socialized medicine as a federal Canadian addition, outpost infirmaries and hospitals were incorporated into local communities but some memoirs refer to occasional doctors who carried on in remote service, radioing instructions to particular flying companies or pilots; instructions arrived via Royal Canadian Air Force stations, too, in a continuing range of services that has by no means subsided with the advent of tele-medicine. Nursing were sometimes found in contract posts who might be better described today as physician's assistants in their obstetrical and orthopedic skills, not a few of them turning to surgery where there was no doctor and air evacuation impossible in time to save lives. (Larmour 1988) The international profession of nursing took considerable interest in the post-World War II decades in what Canadian provinces and territories were beginning to pioneer in nursing stations, infirmaries, public information on when to bring patients to radio dispatch centres and all else done and learned by practitioners in the course of northern or Arctic service. (Waller 1964, King 1968, Smith 1972)"
Tags: health, care, aviation, history, air, force, women
Abstract This research paper is on women airforce service pilots and the vital role they played in the Second World War test-piloting, ferrying aircraft, and towing targets. Sources consulted include "On Silver Wings" by Marianne Verges, "A Wasp Among Eagles" by Ann Carl, and "Women Pilots of WW II" by Jean Hascall Cole.
Abstract Palm Pilots are technical tools, sometimes called 'organizers' because of their date, address book, and time functions. This paper presents a look at Palm Pilots as instructional tools in the classroom. The writer explores Palm Pilots and how they can improve the learning process for the students who use them. The writer also discusses the best model for such use and describes how many students are benefiting from using them in educational facilities.
From the Paper "Palm Pilots are excellent personal assistants with the ability to have a significant amount of control over the individual uses that they provide. They often come with an ability to customize their use with several ways to enter data, front panel controls and brightness control. They also come with a list of available software that can do everything from word process to figure out amortization of a mortgage."
Abstract This paper explains that the entire system of air traffic management is dependent upon the accountability of pilots on board and the air traffic controllers, who are dependent upon the data displayed and acquired from their computer screens, dials, and gauges simultaneously being ratified by their insights of past experience and pre-determined operational guidelines. The author points out that, although English is acknowledged as the international language in aviation history, many pilots present problems of dialects, accents, and interpretations, which have resulted in crashes. The paper relates that efficient communication will go a long way in guaranteeing secured air travel; advanced technology is now being launched, and rules are being slackened to render the pilots and air controllers greater freedom. Includes a PowerPoint presentation.
From the Paper "The confusion resulting in misinterpretations of the terminologies lead to visualization of different objects other than those it indicates to. The lack of proficiency in the English language is noticed both among the Air Traffic Controller and the pilots the United States. However, it is not confined only to the foreign pilots. It is also essential in case of the US pilots flying across the other nations and facing the controlling crews of other nationalities, to effectively comprehend the short, disconnected and unintelligible English communications similar to the expectations of the proficiency in English by the foreign pilots. (Guest Editorial: Barriers to Effective Communication: Implications for the Cockpit) Moreover, the fact of deficiency of the foreign pilots in the English Language and their confinement to some of the standard aviation phraseologies must be acknowledged."
Tags: readbacks, confusion, english, misinterpretations, pilot
