Abstract The writer outlines abortion history and laws then focuses in the issue of partial birth abortion and its controversy. It provides an explanation of the legal development of laws relating to abortion and its eventual legalization. The paper provides statistics about the number of abortions performed in recent years, ages of the women, reasons etc. It then explains the concept of partial birth, when a fetus is aborted after 21 weeks, and the way that this is carried out is through semi-labor. The paper explains why this is obvioulsy a very controversial issue.
From the Paper "Three decades ago abortions were legalized, and efforts to have that decision reversed have not stopped since. Abortions used to be handled in back alleys, and dark rooms, with unsterile equipment many times. They were illegal and not something that one could talk about because they were not legally allowed to get them in the first place. The abortion legalization cleared the path for regulation by way of sterilization, and counseling for the patient before and after receiving an abortion procedure(Smith, 1979). While there have been many attempts to reverse the decision, they have been largely futile, because the public believed the service provided pregnant women was made safer by the legalization process. This was the case until a few years ago when the topic of partial birth abortions moved to the forefront. Partial birth abortions have created controversy that rivals the original controversy about abortion legalization."
Abstract This paper explores the initial controversy caused by Nestle Company and other multinational companies' marketing of baby formula to impoverished nations. The paper looks at the pamphlet, "The Baby Killer", which raised public awareness about the problem of how the baby formula was being marketed and the resulting infant deaths and looks at Nestle's response to the pamphlet. The paper also examines the consequences of the pamphlet in terms of how private voluntary organizations and international agencies have subsequently been able to influence the way companies do business in Third World nations, as well as the continuing controversy concerning predatory marketing in Third World countries.
From the Paper "The story of the Nestle Baby Formula Controversy begins almost three decades ago with the publication of a pamphlet called "The Baby Killer" in 1974 by Mike Muller and War on Want, a London-based activist group concerned with problems of the Third World (Akhter 1994). The pamphlet claimed that Third World babies were dying because their mothers were feeding them infant formula that was being marketed by multinationals such a Nestle of Switzerland and United Kingdom's Cow and Gate (Akhter 1994). The aftermath of the publication led to an international crisis for Nestle."
Abstract The paper presents a look at the catalog controversy of Abercrombie and Fitch sporting company. The first offensive catalog was said to make drunk driving and underage drinking acceptable. The next few catalogs became 'raunchier', with over 45 nude images in the first 120 pages. The paper examines the controversy surrounding the catalog and the company's response.
From the Paper "In the event that Abercrombie had not done away with the racy quarterly, there could have been a few options they could have considered before publication. First, is the nudity needed? They are, after all a clothing company. Why buy clothes if you are not going to wear them? A&F's mission states that ?not only do we sell clothes, but we promote a lifestyle,? (www.abercrombie.com) Not many people would call group sex and nonstop nudity a "lifestyle". There could still be very tasteful sexy photos with partial nudity. Less nudity would definitely bring less controversy."
Abstract This paper discusses of the controversy surrounding "Harry Potter," the best selling children's series of all time. It explains that the controversy lies in the packaging of the tale in a seemingly occult-friendly world. The author contends that underneath the packaging that bothers some religious fanatics so much, lays a series of books that brings the joy of reading and growth of spirit to almost any reader.
From the Paper "Harry Potter is the best selling children's series of all time. Its first book is also the most banned book in the United States. The controversy lies in the packaging of the tale in a ..."
Abstract This paper examines various controversial issues and the role non-profit organizations played in their advocacy. A discussion of moral obligation to help the less fortunate is presented, followed by a listing of various issues. Additionally, the role of the non-profits for bringing these issues into the forefront of contemporary awareness is debated.
Introduction
The NGO Controversy References/Bibliography
From the Paper "All major religions of the world implore their followers to help in reducing human suffering. The world has come a long way from the injustices of the past. Slavery, apartheid, racial discrimination would still be in practice if free and conscientious people had not taken up these causes and had not become 'mouthpiece' for the sufferers of these indignities. The racist government of South Africa had to agree to an end to apartheid due to the economic sanctions [4] against the regime. Racial discrimination in United States, the country that proclaims that all men are born equal, required Martin Luther King [5] and his black and white followers to launch a campaign against this social ill. "
Abstract This paper discusses the controversy over history and social science textbooks that plague the United States. It discusses the issues that contribute to the controversy, such as religious or political concerns of teachers, politicians, religious organizations and parents. The paper suggests that in order to be educational, textbooks need to present the truth about history, whether the truth is pleasant or not.
From the Paper "Ignoring a problem has never effected change, and covering up the history of racism in this country is not going to provide any kind of reconciliation of the past, nor is it going to allow future generations to learn from the mistakes in our history. Just because an element of history is distasteful does not mean it should be removed. However, what should be presented to students is the idea that things have changed, and should change from these periods of time that we study. The past can be used as clear examples of why things should not be this way. Tom Sawyer should be taught for its historical and literary significance, though the language should not be ignored. The best solution would be to target issues instead of removing them or ignoring them. If Tom Sawyer is to be taught then a requirement for part of the lesson plan for discussion or composition on the piece should be about the racial slurs. Student should learn that this was not a problem at the time of its writing and that it is highly indicative of the social atmosphere of the time and place in which Twain was writing. However, they should be encouraged to understand that this is no longer acceptable, and that our social climate has changed for the better over the years. Not only does this allow a genuine revue of the material, but it potentially leads into cross-curricular discussions, which are proven to be highly beneficial as well."
Abstract This paper explains that businesses use controversial television advertising because controversy spreads more rapidly amongst viewers and thereby increases the spread of powerful word-of-mouth advertising. The author points out that censorship only prolongs or intensifies questionable advertising. The paper explains that, because companies competing for profits will continue to believe that questionable advertising methods relay the most powerful messages, parents who are perturbed by this practice must set limits for their own children's television watching simply by turning it off.
From the Paper "The more protesters - slash - objectors holding up mini-billboards, or picket signs, simply just broaden the advertisement target area even more. Each person can forge their own opinions about the advertisement's approach, but at least the controversy has opened up the doors to many others to consider forming an opinion, whether it is good, or bad. The public response to the Janet Jackson Super Bowl stunt has gotten other advertisers to pull ads, in fear of upsetting TV networks, of course, due to upsets from viewers."
Abstract This paper explains that, in the recent Muhammad cartoon controversy in Denmark, Cultural Editor Fleming Rose and the Danish newspaper "Jyllands-Posten" sacrificed what Muslims consider their freedom of religion to preserve Denmark's press freedom and the Danish people's freedom of speech. The author points out that, by examining the timeline of the controversy including the backlash to the cartoons, the views of Muslims around the world, Denmark and its values and Fleming Rose's explanation and apologies, this cartoon was not a malicious anti-Muslim act but rather one journalist's attempt to draw attention to a dangerous change in Denmark's freedoms and rights. The paper contends that the North American press coverage of the story fueled the situation by not including the back stories of both the Muslims in Denmark and the strong Danish tradition of freedom of speech.
From the Paper "On September 30th, 2005, the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten published 12 editorial cartoons depicting Mohammed along with an editorial by Fleming Rose. Muslims in Denmark and around the world were outraged, and reacted by filing a complaint against the newspaper with Danish police on October 27th. By January 6th of the following year, the investigation was discontinued as no law had been broken. Danish Imams put together a dossier containing the 12 cartoons published by Jyllands-Posten, along with pictures from another Danish Newspaper, Weekendavisen, hate-mail consisting of pictures and letters they alleged were sent to Muslims in Denmark, and a televised interview with a prominent Dutch Member of Parliament and Islam critic, Hirsi Ali."
An examination of the ethical controversy over stem cell research and the impact that the controversy is having on scientific development in the United States.
Abstract This paper discusses the fact that stem cell research provokes significant opposition on philosophical grounds. It looks at the ways in which this opposition has severely hampered the natural pace of scientific development in the United States and the impact of this. It also briefly looks at the positive potential of stem cell research.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background and History of the Issue
The Ethical Controversy Discussion of the Ethical Issues
Analysis of the Issues
Conclusion
From the Paper "Present U.S. law restricting the use of stem cells for valuable medical research is, in principle, a violation of the concept of separation of church and state guaranteed by the First Amendment to the Constitution because it gives preferential treatment to the views of certain religions over others and contradicts the philosophical values of people with no specific religious orientation. It violates the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment because it denies people who do not subscribe to Christian beliefs about the sanctity and nature of human life and about what human "life" is and is not. More importantly, it does so at the expense of the health and welfare of many millions."
This paper looks at the controversy over who discovered calculus and provides an explanation of why the honor should go to Isaac Newton over the claim of Gottfried Leibniz.
Abstract In considering the great controversy as to who discovered the calculus, either Newton or Leibniz, this essay argues that the accolade should go to Newton. The decision is made on the ground as to who conducted himself most honorably in the affair. There is no doubt that both scientists come to independent discovery and formulation of the calculus. The essay is at pains to point out the greatness of Leibniz, as philosopher, scientist and mathematician. It even acknowledges that Leibniz's formulation of the calculus is superior, and that this superiority derives from his related philosophy of monadology. But Leibniz certainly acts suspiciously during the controversy. The writer maintains that in contrast, Newton at all times displays magnanimity and selflessness. The writer concludes that Newton does not need accolades for his contributions to shine, and yet they shine on their own merits.
From the Paper "Calculus to Newton was merely a tool that he required to come to his universal theory of gravitation and motion, and not something that should be flouted separately. He was even reluctant to publish the revolutionary Principia, and did so only after the prodding of Edmund Halley.
"Leibniz, on the other hand, was eager to publish and propagate his findings. While we admit to his originality to a large extent, the conduct of Leibniz is highly suspicious in the proceedings. He makes no defense of his integrity, as Newton does, but instead seem entirely intent on pushing the evidence alone, as if defending himself in a court of law, and this makes us feel that he is hiding something. Subsequent scholarship does indeed reveal that he manipulated documents before being released."
Abstract This paper deals with the subject of genetic engineering, explaining the process that is involved in carrying it out and of transmitting the specifically designed changes to successive generations via genetic inheritance. The author also provides some historical background and discusses the ethical controversies that surround this subject.
Outline:
Background and History
Beneficial Applications
Ethical Controversies
From the Paper "British microbiologist Fred Griffith identified two forms of the pneumococcus bacterium distinguishable by the presence or absence of a smooth exterior cellular coating responsible for its resistance to the human immune system response. Griffith accidentally transmitted that characteristics of the deadly pneumococci responsible for human pneumonia to subsequent generations of the harmless pneumococci that lacked that distinctive exterior coating (Aldridge 1998).
"The subsequent discovery of the underlying structure of the DNA molecule and specific mechanism of genetic inheritance announced by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1957 lead to the eventual explosion of DNA sciences including the purposeful alteration of genetic material to produce desirable genetic traits in biological organisms. In fact, so much research into the mechanics of human heredity were conducted in the
interim between Griffith's first experiments that culmination in their 1957 announcement for which they shared a Nobel Prize, that the work of Watson and Crick is considered by many to unfairly overshadow the valuable contributions of Griffith and other predecessors (Gibbon 2002).
Abstract This essay explains the contingent leadership model and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. The paper examines the controversy surrounding this model and challenges the Myers-Briggs Indicator and how it is used to match a leader to the situation. The paper also examines the 9-11 tragedy as a a tool for analyzing how leaders can rise to the occasion and lead effectively in a given situation. The paper then uses the example of nursing leadership, as it relates to patient care, discussing the nurse's necessity to adapt their leadership skills to the situation.
Table of Contents
Contingent Leadership
The Problem
The Issue
Leadership Styles
The Controversy Current Leadership Trend
The Leaders Role
Conclusion
References
From the Paper "There is fault with this theory because as a society and in many organizations our leadership structure is one of "Commander and Chief" and does not match leadership to a given situation. Through out history we can point to many leaders that have had to adapt and lead despite their leadership style not matching the given situation. Leadership requires one to utilize knowledge, skills and abilities in fulfillment of an assigned leadership role. We expect and demand those in leadership to lead when the situation calls for it. If this theory is absolute then we would have to accept that one can not learn and grow as a leader. More importantly it would limit you to situations that match your skill set. So, instead of expecting you to lead in various situations you would need to be matched the situation."
Abstract This paper talks about the supplement, Creatine which is now one of the most popular supplements on the market. It discusses what it is and what it does, and how this controversial supplement can affect the lives of anyone who takes it.
From the paper:
"The first question that pops into your mind when you are about to take something new that you haven?t yet heard of is, "what's in this".
Creatine is a compound that can be made in our bodies or taken as a dietary supplement. The chemical name for Creatine is methyl guanidine-acetic acid. Creatine is made up of three amino acids - Arginine, Glycine and Methionine. Our liver has the ability to combine these three amino acids and make creatine. The other way we get creatine is from our diet (Absolute Creatine)."
Abstract In recent years, legislation, such as the passage of the V-chip law, has made an attempt to address the problem of violence, sex, and overly obscene programs on television. This paper educates the reader in regards to the effects of television and commercial advertising. The paper allows the reader to decide on just how controversial advertising really is.
From the Paper "A controversial issue is often raised towards the alcohol advertiser's intent or style of approach in regards to the target market that they are trying to reach. The biggest problem thatthe Alcohol Industry needs to address is the fact that many of the ads are linked to sex, power and success fantasies. This is where the going gets rough and where the censorship factors are showing their value. Alcohol use has never really put anybody high up on any success ladder. Do you yourself know of anybody that really made it to the top by drinking? Obviously it becomes a controversial issue."
Tags: high, jerry, life, litigation, miller, scandals, springer, television
