Abstract
This report examines the differing policies toward access to the internet in the USA and China. In an age where greater and greater levels of communication are becoming the norm, there are still certain regimes who regard the internet as a potentially threatening resource for those who would seek to challenge current institutions or who would wish to organise against the government. This report examines the two different nations and how their internet access is governed. To a large extent it is concluded that the manner in which internet access is controlled in the respective nations is relative to the two very different political systems that operate within them. As a result. the paper looks at how the Chinese system is heavily regulated and centrally controlled, whereas the USA system is much less regulated and responds more to the judiciary and to legal grounds for censorship rather than the preservation of the state.

From the Paper
"The internet has changed the way people live in quite dramatic ways. It has opened up new channels for political dissent and has offered the opportunity for communication on a scale that was previously never thought possible. There are many cases worldwide where the internet has been used to unite people and to aid their struggles. The concept of new social movements and the ability of movements such as the Zapatistas in Chiapas, Mexico to survive and prosper is due in large part to their ability to reach a wide audience as a result of the internet. Without this access to the internet it would most likely have been the case that the Zapatista movement would have wiped out by the Mexican army. However, as a result of their ability to garner support from across the globe they were able to shine a light on events in Chiapas and gain international support for what they were doing. As a result of this they undermined the Mexican state and won their battle (at least for now). Control over this medium is therefore a key issue which can have very significant outcomes on politics."

Tags:Censorship globalization freedom, information web access

Abstract
This paper analyzes a case in which a mother (who is a hospital employee) demands access to her daughter's original medical records for the purpose of altering the records.

From the Paper
"This case involves a situation in which a minor teenage girl has been determined by physician examination at a hospital to be pregnant ..."

Tags:Medical, Privacy, Access, to, Medical, Records, Electronic, Storage, Access, Control

Abstract
This paper argues that today's teenager, whether in senior high school or middle school, should be given access to confidential health care - e.g., condoms and prescription birth control - in order to reduce the rate of teen pregnancy and to avoid the physical and psychological ramifications of pregnancy. It discusses the problem of teens' sexual activity levels and various initiatives that have been tried in the past to reduce the incidence of teen pregnancy.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review

From the Paper
"In Texas, when George W. Bush was governor, he endorsed legislation that now requires schools to teach "abstinence as the 'preferred choice' for unmarried young people." It's clear that the Bush initiative has not succeeded to the level that it was hoped for. Meantime, when comparing California and Texas, one has to understand the universe of difference in approaches to social issues and problems. For example, first look at the data between the two states; in California the teen birth rate (2004, latest statistics available) is now at 39 per 1,000 girls between ages 15-19. That is down from 74 births per 1,000 in 1991. In Texas, the 1991 mark was 78 births per 1,000 girls (ages 15-19) and in 2004 that Texas data changed only slightly, to 63 births per 1,000 teenaged girls."

Tags:condom, sexuality, abstinence, contraceptive

Abstract
This paper provides a basic understanding of Microsoft Access, a Relational Database Management System that allows the user to store and maneuver large amounts of information. It discusses the three parts that make up the Access architecture, objects, events, and controls and demonstrates creating tables, relationships, constraints and how to use forms, reports and macros. It shows how from the wizards and the step-by-step instructions for the novice user to the ability to be able to write code for the advanced users, Microsoft access is user friendly to novice and advanced users alike.

From the Paper
"When a field name is designated as the primary key, the field is unique, and, therefore, that record, in the table, is unique. Two records cannot have the same value in the same primary key field. For example, if there are fields that hold names, addresses, and zip codes, in that table, and the name field is designated as the primary key, then the same name cannot show up in another record. That is what makes that particular record unique. More than one field can be the primary key. If the user is unsure of which field to make the primary key, Access can designate the primary key."

Tags:forms, reports, macros, tables, relationships, primary, key, information

From the Paper
"The basic purpose of this paper is to explore the development of the global communication capacity within Saudi Arabia. The study includes the Internet and the World Wide Web, and the way in which the government has sought to control both access to information and egress of information.

The Problem
The statement of the problem depends upon whose perspective is chosen to understand this issue. The fundamental problem with the Internet for authorities in the Middle East and elsewhere is the issue of uncontrolled information. For Saudi Arabia, the problem..."

Tags:internet, middle, east

From the Paper
"Access control is the regulation of persons entering a certain area. Access control can stop or at least slow down unauthorized entry and therefore crime. A good access control system can eliminate the potential for internal and external theft, a huge problem in American business. The security of a building and everything inside of it is dependent on controlling those who enter the building. The most basic form of access control, keys, has been around in one form or another since long before the supposed birth of Christ. Other electronic access control systems have been around for approximately twenty-five years. In the past, identification of personnel was thought to be a strictly human function. Security guards and bank tellers were responsible for identifying all the people they came into contact with. The cost of using a person to recognize and identify other people is high and isn't economically possible in all situations. It's been estimated that over a one year period it takes five security guards to cover one entrance, twenty four hours a day, allowing for a five day week and the normal vacation and lost time. Human guards are not perfect. They get tired and can make mistakes. In some cases they even collaborate with an intruder. A system is needed that can automatically identify authorized persons, or assist the guards that are responsible for the identification. "

Tags:biometric, card, combination, electronic, hole, lock, magnetic, operated, proximity, punched, strip, weigan

Abstract
The paper asserts that it is debatable whether or not April 16, 2007 changed the United States of the America in some profound way; there have been, after all, other mass-shootings in this country, and relatively little has been done to address the issue of gun violence after the initial din died down. The paper posits, however, that one thing that is beyond debate; the fact that 32 families, countless loved ones, and many strangers who found themselves all-too-close to tragedy when a deranged gunman opened fire on a tranquil University campus had their lives turned upside down forever - and America has been deprived forever of the collective talents of 32 talented and aspiring people. With this as the backdrop, the paper argues that America needs to do more keep guns out of the hands of mentally deranged individuals. Additionally, any measures aimed at tightening the country's gun laws must bear in mind that taking guns away from law-abiding Americans is not (in and of itself) going to halt gun crime - at least not in a substantial way - because those who are most likely to commit acts of violence using guns are unlikely to be law-abiding citizens to begin with. The paper contends that the nation's gun laws need to be modified in such a way that those with mental disabilities cannot access firearms - while at the same time ensuring that law-abiding citizens can still purchase guns for their own protection as long as they follow proper procedure. The paper believes that if these things are done, there is every hope that future tragedies like the one at Virginia Tech can to be avoided.

From the Paper
"It is debatable whether or not April 16, 2007 changed the United States of the America in some profound way; there have been, after all, other mass-shootings in this country, and relatively little has been done to address the issue of gun violence after the initial din died down. That being noted, one thing that is beyond debate is the fact that 32 families, countless loved ones, and many strangers who found themselves all-too-close to tragedy when a deranged gunman opened fire on a tranquil University campus had their lives turned upside down forever - and America has been deprived forever of the collective talents of 32 talented and..."

Tags:gun, control, america

Abstract
This paper stresses that the citizens of the fledgling nations of India and Hong Kong have the freedom of speech; however, both nations have utilized their respective systems of media, from radio in the early stages of India's independence to the state-run television stations, to shape the national culture and identity. The author points out that a function of state broadcasting is nation-building by developing a national identity and by encouraging the integration of different social, political, religious and language groups, which are a requisite for ensuring the success of a young country. The paper states that, barring a shift to totalitarianism, Hong Kong and India can not prevent the continued access of their citizens to the internet and satellite television broadcasts.

From the Paper
"It should also be noted that STAR TV also reaches India. Pashupati et. al. suggest that the reluctance of government-run media to welcome companies like STAR TV may stem not from their "westernizing" influence but from the decreased advertising revenues that come with competition. This pragmatic approach to examining the relationship between public- and privately-owned media may well explain many of the governments' reservations about welcoming other media outlets (see Pashupati et. al. 2003, pp.266). It is possible that the preservation of national unity and providing information to the citizens is not as high of a priority as producing revenue for the state."

Tags:freedom, state-run, integration, star, revenue

Abstract
The paper discusses the management of access control to location-based services in vehicular mobile pervasive environments and states that it presents new challenges such as invisibility, localized scalability and privacy. The paper states that merging location-based services in pervasive environments with vehicular mobile environments is still in its infancy. Thus the paper presents a descriptive architecture for controlling access to services. The paper concludes that based on a comparative analysis of different access control models, a set of new access control requirements are required in such an environment and the paper shows their integration in its proposed architecture. The paper is well documented and illustrated with tables and figures.

Outline:
Introduction
Motivating Scenario
Access Control Requirements
Access Control Architecture
Access Control Process
Conclusions

From the Paper
"Pervasive environments impose new security requirements, especially in the domain of access control such as interoperability, scalability, usability, privacy and trust management [1][2]. In this section, the functional requirements of an access control model implemented in a vehicular mobile pervasive computing system are discussed. The aim is to highlight some of the unique characteristics brought on by the vehicular ad-hoc networks and pervasive computing, to point out access control architectural implications."

Tags:vehicular, networks, location-based, services, access, control, requirements, architecture, pervasive, environment

Abstract
This paper analyses how the export of Russian goods to the European market (with particular reference to the European Union zone) has developed over the last few years. Analysed will be: types of products exported, tariff and non-tariff barriers, and the possible effects of the upcoming EU enlargement. The analysis shows that, while certain Russian exports are still having some difficulties entering the EU markets, conditions have improved and will continue to improve. However, difficulties may be encountered with the entry into the EU of countries formerly under Soviet influence and/or control.