The paper examines the proposition that a nurse has an ethical responsibility to encourage women in danger of an unwanted pregnancy, to use the emergency contraception pill.
Abstract Abortion is a deeply controversial subject. It drives a great many emotional responses which are founded in philosophical, political and practical dispositions on the subject. The paper suggests that one of the reasons for women seeking abortions are unwanted pregnancies and that addressing the matter of unwanted pregnancies is the best way to decrease the number of abortions. The paper then examines the question of whether or not it is the nurse's ethical responsibility to encourage the use of the emergency contraception pill as a way to prevent unwanted pregnancy. In addition, the paper considers such matters as the pill's proven effectiveness, the availability and presence of public knowledge on the subject and issues relating to cultural, ideological or political resistance.
From the Paper "Of course, it is fair to acknowledge that any number of factors prevent us from assuming that all of the women surveyed were either at risk of pregnancy, were desiring not to become pregnant or were not already using some form of contraception. However, the study does reinforce this finding with the notation that of U.K. women in the same age group arriving at hospitals for an abortion procedure, only 11% have used the emergency contraception method in the interest of avoiding the occurrence of an unwanted pregnancy. It is therefore suggested that quite indeed, for the nurse practitioner, there is some greater barrier to overcome beyond simply a lack of public awareness. Instead, it must also be considered that accessibility, affordability or simple convenience may all be factors in encouraging or preventing high risk women in taking this action."
Tags: abortion hospital nurse unwanted pregnancy medical information ethical, birth control, contraceptionunprotectedsexualintercourse
Abstract This paper critically examines some of the works published concerning the creation of one's sexual identity as well as the various agents of sexual socialization at work on modern-day youth. The chosen texts are: "In the Same Boat? The Gendered (in)experience of first heterosex?, ""Was it Good For You Too"?: Gender Differences in First SexualIntercourse Experiences?, ?Sexual Messages on Television: Comparing Findings from Three Studies" and ?Effects of Neighborhood and School Environments on Transitions to First SexualIntercourse?.
From the Paper "The first of these works, "In The Same Boat" (...)? was primarily interested with illustrating first sexual experiences from a feminist stance. It states that "first sex" is more of a rite of passage for men than for women, using the idea that a male becomes a symbolic "man" upon the act of first coitus, while a female becomes a symbolic "woman" upon reaching puberty, and the onset of menstruation."
Abstract This paper discusses how some portion of high teenage pregnancy and abortion rates is attributable to the consequence of sexual activity at an earlier age, while another portion is due to increases in age at marriage and how both trends have increased exposure to the risk of unintentional pregnancy. It analyzes how this trend is especially high in the black community and how it can be attributed to such factors as poverty, conflicting messages on sexuality and the lack of contraceptive services help explain these trends. It looks at some of the responses to the problem such as the development of programs in many middle and high schools of sexuality education programs designed to delay the onset of sexualintercourse.
From the Paper "Many researchers focus on family influences on adolescent sexual behavior, and communication between parents and their children about sexual issues has been one important research area. Some studies show that parental discussions on sexual matters either delay the first sexual experience or encourage contraceptive use among adolescents, but others show no effect. In fact, some studies suggest that communication with parents may encourage sexual behavior. Studies show that these relationships depend on factors such as who reports the communication, whether the parents hold traditional or liberal attitudes, the sex of the adolescent, which parent conducts the discussion, and whether the outcome is sexual debut or contraceptive use (Rubinson 235)."
Abstract This paper discusses the cycle of continuing silence about issues related to women's sexuality. The paper explains that the silence can affect the health of women in situations where speaking up could prevent the contraction of a disease. The paper examines the role played by the media and society in general concerning the perception of women's sexuality. The paper makes mention of the views of the church and religion on this topic.
From the Paper "From the first signs of gender, the conditioning begins from the ones we love most. From the cradle, girls wear pink, boys blue and both are taught what is and how to play her and his role. Family is defined according to each individual's unique situation. Beginning in this context, a person's sexual identity has either the opportunity to begin its creation and discovery healthfully, or at high risk of developing problems. Generally, a time comes for the talk about "the birds and the bees". Usually most young people await this important discussion with the utmost dread and trepidation. Too often this fear is due to the shame and embarrassment that can monopolize the conversation. "
Abstract This paper discusses the importance of educating teenagers in order to prevent irresponsible sexual behavior. It also shows how some parents and other concern-groups are against this idea, claiming that it makes teenagers too aware. The paper cites research and surveys done in this area by parents and educational institutions.
From the Paper "Americans have adjusted a lot of their thinking when it comes to teenage sexuality during recent years. There was a time when a pregnant teen would have been removed from the school and sent to a school for unwed mothers. There was a time when a sexually active female was labeled a slut, or said to be loose. Those days are on the retreat as Americans accept teenage sexuality more than ever before. With that acceptance comes the question of when and how to teach sex education. Schools are at a crossroad because they are dealing with pregnant teens but many parents are opposed to the sex education of their children within the school system. Teen pregnancy, teen sexual preference and many other topics are not being addressed today in teen living classes, and students are gaining their education on the street. The adults are not going to stop teen sexual activity, nor will they stop those who are gay from being gay. The best thing that can be done to assist in the area of teenage sexuality is to provide a solid and truthful education so that they can be safe and they can be happy."
Tags: parent, teen, gay, active, intercourse, sex, pregnancy, contraceptive, AIDS
Abstract This paper looks at the social consequences of artificial contraception, especially the birth-control pill. It considers pre-pill sexual mores, and why and how they changed, along with direct and indirect social effects of the transformation in attitudes known as the sexual revolution.
Tags: birth control pill, sexual revolution, sexual mores
Abstract This paper discusses the issue of parental communication with adolescents and the onset of sexualintercourse. It discusses the hypothesis that there is evidence which indicates that when parents frequently communicate with minors in regard to sex it will lead to greater instance of sexual activity in adolescents. However, the research findings through the literature review do not support this finding.
From the Paper "The purpose of the literature review is to examine the research and determine if the frequency of parent-adolescent communication regarding sex has an affect on the age of the onset of sexual intercourse in juveniles. The review will focus on parental involvement/communication, parent-adolescent discussion of AIDS/HIV, abstinence, postponement of sexual activity, and contraceptive use, and study findings of age related variables and sexual activity. The research will determine whether or not discussion of these issues with adolescents has an affect on the age in which youths first begin sexual intercourse. Adolescent participation in sexual activity has been a significant issue within the American culture in relation to teen pregnancy, AIDS/HIV, and sexually transmitted disease. Therefore, research which indicates a likelihood of contributing factors to these issues is of societal importance."
Abstract This paper presents the writer's personal response on issues related to sexual identity. It discusses the writer's upbringing with regards to sexual identity and discusses what the writer has learned about the influence of the media regarding how we are educated about sex, the various methods of contraception, and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancies.
From the Paper "The scenario involving the couple Tom and Susan who had to deal with physical and psychological changes as they grew older was very interesting to me. As I took on the role of the Psychologist I found myself interacting with the characters and feeling the emotions of their plight. I noticed in their questionnaire that they had an active and satisfying sex life, and over the last few years had noticed a slowing of sexual responses. Susan stated that she had lost her ability to enjoy sex due to the decline of the body's production of estrogen and thinning of the vaginal walls. I had not realized that many women also experienced the loss of flexibility of the vagina and a decrease in vaginal lubrication. The old myth that women cannot reach orgasm past the age of 70 is untrue. With the knowledge of the changes in the body and how to manage these changes you can enjoy orgasm further into your golden years."
Abstract This paper explores the issue of date rape, its larger social context and the strategies that could be undertaken to help combat this problem. It examines the problems in defining this form of attack due to its ambiguous definition - "forced sexualintercourse with a dating partner".
From the Paper "A study released by the Department of Justice revealed that in 2001, nearly three percent of all college women have experienced a completed or attempted rape during their college years (Jainchill). This translates to one out of every five women in college. The findings were much higher than prevailing estimates, which stated that violence against women on the campus was on the decline. Many experts believe that the actual figure may be even higher, because many women do not report the crimes. The figures for women being sexually assaulted outside college are thus likely to be higher."
Abstract This paper reviews sex education programs in the public schools. The author critiques the effort of the anti-contraception movement to suppress information about sexuality.
Abstract This paper discusses how school-based health centers (SBHC) provide an optimal opportunity to address the psychological and other issues facing adolescents. It shows how issues adolescent sexuality, STDs, pregnancies and high risk behavior can be challenged with a combination of healthcare and education. It addresses the relationship between access to healthcare at SBHCs and adolescent sexuality, pregnancy, educational aspirations and condom usage.
Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Problem
Literature Review
Psychosocial Development
Birth Control
Prevalence of and Problems Associated With UnprotectedSexual Activity by Teenagers
Attitudes of Teenagers Toward Condom Use
Nursing Initiatives
School Based Health Centers Evaluation
Solution
From the Paper "The delivery of birth control information to teenagers and making contraceptive devices or preparations accessible to teenagers are two related and equally controversial issues in the United States in the 1990s. The increasing prevalence of both teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among teenagers, however, exerts an impact on the practice of nursing regardless of how controversial the issues may be. This research reviews the problems associated with unprotected sexual activity among teenagers as well as the attitudes of teenagers toward the use of condoms, as a means of illustrating the impact of these phenomena on the practice of nursing."
Abstract This paper presents a discussion about an article concerning sexuality in older adults. The writer explores the article, "Sexuality in Older Adults: A Deconstructionist Perspective" by Beverly Huffstetler. It outlines the article's content and conclusion with regard to the sexuality of older people. The paper presents the writer's personal reactions to the content of the article. It also includes, as an appendix, a copy of the original article.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Conclusion
From the Paper "Throughout modern history, the issue of sexuality has always belonged to the young. Commercials, television shows, and movies have worked to build a strong case for human sexuality in those who are under retirement age. While it was acknowledged in passing that order people are capable of feeling and having sexual relations it was usually a topic that was ignored. In more recent years however, human sexuality among older people has moved to the forefront of attention. Commercials advertising pills that can help sustain erection, advertisers for doctors that treat erectile dysfunction and other vehicles have made the world realize that the older generation is still interested in sex. As researchers begin to examine this fact one study looks at all aspects of human sexuality in people over the age of 65, and concludes it is part of a healthy and fulfilled lifestyle. The article explores the myths of society present in the thinking about older adults and sexuality."
This paper focuses on the topic of sexuality, specifically Christian sexuality and how religious and non-religious feminist scholars deal with this controversial area of debate.
2,896 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 20 sources, 2000, $ 85.95
Abstract This paper focuses on the crucial topic of sexuality, specifically Christian sexuality and how religious and non-religious feminist scholars deal with this controversial area of debate. The latter part is a feminist commentary on how to challenge the sexual oppression and violence characteristic of the prevailing patriarchal structures that continually put women at a disadvantage. The final portion is a conclusion rendering these feminist revisionings as part and parcel of the changes found in the reformist Liberation Theology movement in the Christian Church.
Abstract This research paper addresses the question of whether the first onset of sexualintercourse can be foreseen by observing anti-social behavior, drug abuse, or other factors.
From the Paper "There are two working hypotheses for this study: 1. The authors hypothesize that ?one of the strongest predictors of early onset of sexual activity is that antisocial behavior develops in childhood and continues into adolescence,? and 2. Those initiating intercourse in early, mid-, and late adolescence, or not initiating during the study period, would show differing trajectories for the predictor variables...? "
Abstract This essay briefly reviews three articles that discuss human sexuality and how the Church treats it. It looks at "Intimacy and Sexuality: A Letter to Catholic Secondary Students in Ontario" by the Roman Catholic Bishops of Ontario, Kenneth R. Overberg's article, "A Consistent Ethic of Life" and "Fully Alive," sponsored and developed by the Roman Catholic Bishops of Ontario and Ontario's Catholic educators. The paper then gives a personal response to the article "Human Sexuality: 'Wonderful Gift' and 'Awesome Responsibility,'" written by Richard Sparks.
From the Paper "On the other hand, there are aspects of this article that seem dangerously out of step with modern realities. For example, it again reiterates the prohibition against contraceptive devices of any kind. Yet the reality is that the population of the entire world is threatened by the AIDS pandemic, and that condoms are the most effective prophylactic against contracting AIDS. For example, one of the fastest growing segments of AIDS sufferers is heterosexual women. Moreover, it is well known that many wives are completely faithful, but are infected by their unfaithful husbands, who have affairs or use prostitutes. By continuing to prohibit condoms, the Church sentences these innocent women to lingering, painful deaths - and deprives their children of their mothers. I find this unconscionable, obtuse, unbelievable and unforgivable."
