Abstract
The following paper will look at how the American policy of containment actually allowed the tenuous international order established in 1945 to survive the upheavals and persistent threats which grew out of the early Cold War epoch. In substantiating this thesis, the next several pages will first look at the precipitating factors which made the containment strategy desirable. After this has been taken care of, time will be devoted to looking at the Truman Doctrine and at policies emanating from it which formed the core of US containment; the paper will, in almost the same breath, focus upon how US initiatives in the late 1940s bolstered international stability simply by reminding the Soviets that any expansionist enterprises on their part would be met by US resistance - including military resistance, if necessary. From here, the essay will delve into international events in the years from 1949 to 1953 and how America responded to these incidents. Again, the general policy of containment was at the forefront of US conceptual approaches to resolving geopolitical tensions - and the US willingness to use military force as part of its containment policy (and, to be more precise, just how much force it was prepared to use) was at the forefront of the conflagration over Korea. In the end, the USA did not always get things right when it came to stemming the Communist tide (Korea is certainly the greatest example of this from the period in question) but its policy of containment, however poorly executed it may have been at times, allowed the US to "wait out" the Communist threat without starting a Third World War that would have undoubtedly led to devastating nuclear exchanges between the two global superpowers.

From the Paper
Conflict and Confrontation in the International System: US Containment, 1947-1953 The following paper will look at how the American policy of containment actually allowed the tenuous international order established in 1945 to survive the upheavals and persistent threats which grew out of the early Cold War epoch. In substantiating this thesis, the next several pages will first look at the precipitating factors which made the containment strategy desirable. After this has been taken care of, time will be devoted to looking at the Truman Doctrine and at policies emanating from it which formed the core of US containment; the paper will, in almost the

Tags:usa, containment, soviets

Abstract
This essay examines the policy of containment of communism its context and evolution during the Truman administration in the late 1940s, as well as policy alternatives that were presented to this strategic doctrine both inside and outside the US administration. The paper argues that the eventual form of the Truman containment policy owes as much, if not more, to the complex political struggles within the United States as to any grand strategy of international relations or to the actual actions or policies of the Soviet Union.

From the Paper
"The Policy of Containment 1946-1949: Its Context, Evolution and Policy Alternatives Both Within and Outside the Truman Administration Introduction In the wake of the Second World War a new form of warfare made its appearance in global international relations: Cold War. While there exists wide disagreement among scholars regarding the ultimate origins of the Cold War, the so-called "Truman doctrine" of containment represented a critical contribution to the elevation of hostilities between the one-time Second World War allies, the Soviet Union and the United States."

Tags:coldwar, containment, truman

Abstract
David Rees examines the Cold War in the 1945-1965 period. He therefore especially focuses on the Korean War, which represented the main symbol of the containment doctrine. Rees explains why the United States created the policy of containment and what motivated the government to apply this policy to Korea. In 1950, the United States applied containment in Korea in order to repulse the North Korean military offensive across the 38th parallel. Rees goes into depth explaining why the United States decided to alter its objective from the containment of North Korea to its liberation from Communist rule. Overall, Rees gives a sympathetic portrayal of U.S. policy in the Cold War, arguing that the containment doctrine was justified.

Abstract
This paper explains that medicine is thought to be a profession that has lost its way, a system in which economics is now the bottom line governing treatment decisions and not the traditional value of beneficence. The author states that the research methodology will be a self-administered questionnaire to 50 recipients of health care and 50 health care providers to gather feedback relating to the effects of cost containment and opinions regarding the current system of health care spending. The paper relates that the research also will contain a survey of the health care practices in five countries, including the United States, Japan, Canada, Germany, and Britain.

Table of Contents
Introduction
Background
Defining the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Research Questions
Hypothesis
Null Hypothesis
Literature Review ? Health Care Cost Containment
Summary: Benefits of Cost Containment
Methodology and Procedure
Instrument
Data Collection
Subjects
Data Analysis
Assumptions
Limitations
Expectations
Appendix: Sample Survey Questionnaire

From the Paper
"When done right, cost containment will actually improve the quality of health care. Scientific justification can be utilized to ensure that people needing treatments get them. Accessibility to quality care services for everyone will be broadened. Universal coverage will also ensure that insurance agencies don't avoid providing insurance to individuals with higher needs or greater risks, and ensure that cost shifting and risk avoidance are minimized."

Tags:questionnaire, benefits, justification, accessibility, countries

Abstract
A description of how the doctrine of containment expanded from a solely European initiative to include the entire world. This paper discusses the Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, Korean War and the Chinese civil war.

From the paper:

"In February 1946, a sixteen- page cable, sent from Moscow to Washington by a staff officer in the American embassy, first introduced the idea of containment. George Kennan's "long telegram" and subsequent "Mr. X." article in Foreign Affairs in July 1947, concluded that the Soviet Union, left unchecked, would expand into the power vacuum created in Europe after World War II. To prevent all of Europe from coming under the reign of this militaristic dictatorship, Soviet influence needed to be "contained" within its current boundaries."

Tags:chinese, civil, doctrine, korean, marshall, plan, truman, war

Abstract
This paper describes the U.S. policy of containment and follows it from its inception just after the Second World War to the end of the Cold War with the fall of the Soviet Union. It looks at the different policies that in themselves helped to make up the policy of containment, such as the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan. Also, all of the major conflicts in which this policy was employed are examined along with the ramifications of its employment. The paper spans seven presidencies and examines how the policy changed and adapted to the changing domestic attitudes of the time and the outlook of the president at the time.

From the Paper
"With a change in the administration came a change in how the Cold War was fought and how the policy of containment was adapted to the contemporary political environment. The Kennedy/Johnson years of 1961-69 were characterised by a 'flexible response strategy' and Kennedy's 'New Frontier' strategy focused on two things, MAD (Mutually Assured Destruction) and the battle for hearts and minds and the capabilities of the Third World. The highpoint of the Kennedy administration and of containment under his administration was the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962, where the fate of the world was balanced on a knife edge during the heated confrontations and negotiations between Kennedy and Soviet premier Khrushchev. "

Tags:Truman, Doctrine, Marshall, Plan, Domino, Theory, Cuban, Missile, Crisis, Vietnam, Korea

Abstract
This essay discusses how "The Night of the Hunter", "The Blackboard Jungle", "A Raisin in the Sun" and "The Catcher in the Rye" demonstrate the principle of containment, define what needs to be contained, and explains why.

From the Paper
"Henry Kissinger (1994), in his book, Diplomacy described President Harry Truman's policy toward NATO and the Warsaw Pact as "Containment" (424). Truman favored American membership in a European Coalition to be called NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) in order to stop the spread of Russian Communism into western Europe under the Warsaw Pact (formed in 1955). His policy was a radical departure from Franklin Delano Roosevelt's concept of "Four Policemen" which would have monitored relations in Europe (Kissinger, 1994, 424). Peter Duignan and L.H. Gann (1994) also sing the praises of the Truman Doctrine in their book, The United States and the New Europe: 1945.1993. Like Kissinger, these authors believe the Truman Doctrine was a magnificent, visionary, foreign policy initiative which utilized a minimum of military resources, coupled with massive economic aid, to resist the spread of .."

From the Paper
"The doctrine of containment of the Soviet Union, first set forth in detail in a celebrated article by George Kennan in the late 1940s, was the essential strategy of the United States during the Cold War era. In its most essential terms, containment as a doctrine argued that an ultimate confrontation with the Soviet Union was neither inevitable nor necessary; that if the United States and its allies could hold their ground and buy time, that would in the end be sufficient.

Events, indeed, have borne out Kennan's argument. Well into the 1980s, the Cold War still appeared as though it might persist indefinitely. But from 1985 on, the Soviet system collapsed from its own internal tensions, nearly bloodlessly and indeed all but effortlessly. A final confrontation did indeed prove unnecessary; containment succeed in its objectives, albeit after.."

From the Paper
"The policy of containment that was created and articulated in the U.S. during the late 1940's was based on both ideological assumptions and concrete political actions. The analysis which follows will explore both dimensions of this process, focusing on the thoughts of Reinhold Niebuhr and George Kennan as well as the political decisions of the Truman administration.

"In January of 1947 a group of liberals met in Washington D.C. to form the Americans for Democratic Action. This group pledged to continue working within the Democratic Party and to fight Communism both at home and over ... "