Abstract This paper focuses on the method of constant stimuli in which a random order of stimuli is presented numerous times to the subject in order to determine either absolute or difference thresholds. This method is used in every day situations such as in a simple hearing test in an elementary school or doctor's office. The method of constant stimuli has been used successfully in experiments involving both odor thresholds and tactile discrimination tasks, suggesting its usefulness in studies involving several, if not all of the senses.
From the Paper "Psychophysics is an area of science developed by Gustav Fechner that attempts to identify relationships between the physical and psychological aspects of experiences (Wolfe et al., 2006). Every day, people are exposed to events in the material world that come to be filtered and interpreted by their individual perceptions of the events. Therefore, what comes in through the senses is greatly influenced by mental processes and the subjective experiences of the stimuli. This is an important area of study because it serves to highlight the ways in which the mind interacts with the outside world and the stimuli with which it is constantly being presented. Psychophysics goes beyond a simple description of sensation and seeks to understand the relationship between incoming information and how people perceive it in order to construct their own understanding of the environment."
Abstract This paper describes a chemistry experiment in which the solubility constant, Ksp, for NaCl and KCl is determined. The laboratory procedure is described, the results are given, and the data analyzed. The paper also calculates molarity of the solutions used and assesses the experimental error.
Abstract This paper analyzes Lawrence Ferlinghetti's poem, "Constantly Risking Absurdity", noting that the simile used in the poem, 'the poet is like an acrobat', emphasizes that the whole poem is a metaphor comparing a poet to an acrobat. The paper then goes on to discuss various elements of the poem including the use of free verse, and irregular words and sounds across the verses. The paper also notes that the poem uses short lines and that it is a challenge to read. The paper explains that this challenge relates to the theme of the poem and is similar to the process of writing a poem.
From the Paper "The poet-figure is characterised throughout the poem. As the acrobat performs his tricks we discover the similarities between the poet and him. The line 'climbs on rhyme' expresses how a poet uses rhyme to link his lines as he climbs down the poem, while an acrobat climbs a ladder to perform his tricks. The poet-figure is 'balancing on eyebeams'. The poet and the acrobat rely on their audience's recognition. The audience's gaze keeps the acrobat in the air and the poet's admires keeps his spirits high. The line 'paces his way' emphasises how cautious poets and acrobats need to be in their professions. An acrobat has to pace himself as he crosses the tightrope and a poet can definitely not rush through the poetry process."
A detailed outline of a scientific experiment designed to show that the kinematics of constant acceleration are valid when applied to a rolling sphere.
1,280 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 0 sources, 2000, $ 43.95
Abstract This experiment investigates the relationship of the horizontal displacement of a metal sphere, descending from an inclined plane falling through a vertical distance. With the speed of a metal sphere V0x, and the height of the ramp y, we can find the horizontal distance squared X?.
Abstract This paper explores the effects of constant change on organizations, both positive and negative, due to today's dynamic demographic, economic and social conditions. It investigated the interaction of individual and organizational development.
From the Paper "The environment in which an organization operates is constantly changing. While change is good for an organization"it helps stimulate the organization to grow"change can be difficult to implement in an organization. In the 1990s, there has been an emerging approach to managing organizations using an engaged learning system coupled with a continuous learning environment through all ranks of the organization. In the 70s however, the management of the environment affecting the company was more issue-based. Attention was being paid to the development of flexible and rapid development systems. Difficultly in implementing change and the resistance to new ideas and process is often the cause for the downfall of many established organizations. Recognizing the role of an organization in the environment is important. The environment is not a separate entity?a world out there; rather, it is an amalgamation of all the factors affecting an organization (Morgan, 1997 p. 258)."
Tags: environment, organization, stimulate, change, learning, smanagement, rapid, development, systems
Abstract The paper discusses how the use of Magical Realism, as a technique, in "Pedro Paramo" by Juan Rulfo and "Death Constant Beyond Love" by Gabriel-Garcia Marquez, is essentially one whereby elements of the unreal are inextricably woven into real life to question the difference, if any, between illusion and reality. The paper shows how the use of the technique is apparent in the overall story as well as in the way the principal protagonists are shown dealing with life.
From the Paper "Similarly, in Death Constant Beyond Love, Gabriel Garc"a-M"rquez's story of Senator Onesimo Sanchez's continual quest for life in the face of imminent death, the question of illusion and reality is highlighted through the Senator's continued campaigning and his indulgence in an affair that ultimately causes his downfall. Was the Senator deluding himself with the only reality being death or was the Senator only continuing to live what had always been his reality as in the false make-believe world of politics and in fact, being realistic, by making most of the time he had left with Laura ("he found the woman of his life": 2430)? Thus, the lines between illusion and reality begin to blur depending on the perspective from which it is considered ? the Senator's or the reader?s."
Abstract This paper looks at two conditions which need constant supervision from prison authorities and human rights groups with regard to prisons in the U.S. One is whether humane conditions are provided and the other is concerned with the degree of rehabilitation that prisons facilitate. The paper discusses what can be done to improve conditions and prevent previous inmates returning to prisons.
From the Paper "According to Human Rights Watch, prisoners suffer from physical mistreatment, excessive disciplinary measures, intolerable physical conditions and inadequate medical and mental health care. Prisons are severely overcrowded and do not have adequate staffing. Many local jails are unsafe, vermin-infested and lack areas where inmates can get exercise or fresh air. Violence by inmates and guards is common. Mentally ill inmates who comprise between six and fourteen percent of the incarcerated population do not receive adequate monitoring and treatment. Private prisons operate without sufficient control and oversight from public correctional authorities. Both prisoner-on-prisoner sexual abuse and sexual abuse of women is a huge problem. Amnesty International reported that sexual abuse of female inmates is rampant but said many cases go unreported for fear of retaliation. Amnesty reported an undetermined number of cases of prison guards who grope women during daily searches and who rape women. Amnesty also found some prison guards sell female prisoners as sex slaves to male inmates."
Abstract Health care professionals, especially those in administrative positions, undertake leadership development programs to better achieve their goals. The state of leadership development depends on the medical and social techniques used at that time and is therefore constantly evolving. Keeping abreast of changes within the medical community is a necessity for successful leadership development.
Abstract This paper supports Morris- Suzuki's belief that the culture of Japan was not a constant environment but instead was a static world in which the Japanese people assimilated various aspects of those peoples and cultures with which they interacted. The cultures of Taiwan and China are also discussed to better clarify this statement, where the culture of Taiwan appears even more prone to the assimilation of external influences. The author points out that China appears to maintain more traditional isolationist policies.
Abstract This paper focuses on the issues surrounding the discovery and refinement of the astronomical distance ladder, beginning with a brief account and definition of the ladder itself before moving onto a definition and discussion of the insights of Edwin Hubble. After considering Hubble's contributions, it then discusses the developments offered by new scientists attempting to pin down the Hubble Constant in their work. The astronomical distance ladder is a device used by astronomers to measure distances between objects in space. The basic premise of the ladder is that, since we cannot measure distances directly, we make our distance observations based on distances that are already known.
From the Paper "As regards the Astronomical Distance Ladder, this was a huge and important step in the direction of the debate. Previous understandings of distance were based largely on the intensity of objects, and the nineteenth century standard generally held to the idea that ?faintness means farness,? but the Hubble constant and its revelation of a constantly expanding Universe opened the door to a wide variety of debates about the way distances are measured (Gingerich 1071). Indeed, then the current debate has largely settled around more specific elements of Hubbles view, rather than a whole-scale rejection of his system or some other form of innovation. Indeed, the large and greater portion of debates relating to the astronomical distance ladder focus ?on recently determined and still controversial values of the Hubble constant.? "
This paper discusses the anthropic principle, which asserts that the laws, constants, and basic structure of the universe are not completely arbitrary, but are constrained by the existence of intelligent observers.
Abstract The paper explains that proponents of the principle believe, if any of the constants of life were any different than the observer knows them to be, then life as he or she knows it would not exist. Basically, the anthropic principle questions the origin of everything in the universe. The author reports that Brandon Carter, who presented his ideas about the anthropic principle in 1974, claims that the principle was meant only to caution astrophysicists and cosmologists of possible errors in the interpretation of astronomical and cosmological data unless the biological constraints of the observer were taken into account. The paper relates that the anthropic principle presents no definitive answers, only the suggestion that everything in the universe is interrelated and interdependent, and perhaps there is some type of intelligent design, a fundamental core that holds all these variable together.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Anthropic Principle
Thought Leaders
From the Paper "The most significant premise of the anthropic principle is that our place in the universe is special. Further, we occupy a unique segment of cosmic history. This of course is the controversy of the principle. Since the early days of scientific thought, it has been believed that there is nothing special about our place in the universe. Believers in the anthropic principle hope to disprove this. Theologically, the anthropic principle has led to a revival of the argument from design, which had lost its intellectual respectability when Darwin came along."
Abstract This paper examines how ever since Greek and Roman times, rhetoric and rhetoric theory has been one of the issues that were discussed and improved, appearing in almost every aspect of life. It attempts to show how this constant evolution of rhetoric theory has given way today to a new theoretical description. It also shows how since it brings rhetoric from the high intellectual and philosophical areas and into our every day lives where it belongs, the theory is an excellent way to learn how to express solid arguments and win a dispute.
From the Paper "One important similarity between present rhetoric and ancient one is the scope of the argumentation. In both cases, this is something (an idea, a fact, a reasoning, a conclusion, etc.) that one cannot actually reach directly and mathematically, "by means of calculation, measuring or weighing", that is by primary demonstration, but has to take to secondary forms of demonstration, closely related to the actual goal or point of view that one holds."
Abstract This paper examines how there are many advantages of constant learning and team working and how a team setup can help motivate and improve the productivity of the organization. It shows how it is important to ensure that the team for any specific task is comprised of members who are knowledgeable and posses the required skills needed to carry out the task.
Outline
Introduction
Literature Review
Methodology
Discussion
Recommendations
Conclusion
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Bibliography
From the Paper "Worker empowerment is a powerful tool that can be used by the management. Training and motivating workers to constantly educate and improve their skills achieve empowerment and then allowing them the freedom to define modes they can use to perform their tasks. Simply put, empowered workers are individuals that are responsible and display a sense of ownership in the task that is entrusted to them. In addition, empowered workers derive personal satisfaction in the completion of the task by the best means possible. Their peers and supervisors for their high quality of work recognize them."
Abstract This paper examines John Locke's theory of government as a forerunner to that of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen. It continues to explore the impact the French Revolution had on future political ideologies, which are portrayed through Benjamin Constant's "The Principles of Politics" and in John Stuart Mill's "On Liberty." In conclusion the author discusses how these philosophies shaped Western society and democracy as we know it today.
From the Paper "John Stuart Mill, an advocate of man's innate rights during the mid eighteen-hundreds, wrote "On Liberty," an examination of government's interference with personal freedom through the fallacy of "self-protection." Mill contested that by trying to guard the freedoms of the people, the government in reality is restricting them, only imposing more laws, which take away or infringe upon the ones granted. True freedom can only come from the person, not the dictates of the ruling power. Mill stated, "Over himself, over his own body and mind, the individual is sovereign."
Tags: 18th, century, europe, government, Locke, Mill, Constant, philosophy, politics
Abstract This paper discusses what the universe is made up of, its age, how stars are formed and what is the future of our solar system. It discusses the history of the exploration of the universe. The author explains how In this century large telescopes are set up, far away from city lights and traffic to gather the best data for studying the skies. A brief overview of the theories on the origin of the universe is also given. The author concludes that although new theories are constantly being proposed and science is constantly to answer the question "Where did we come from"? , until now, no answer has satisfied everyone.
From the Paper "Man's fascination with the heavens is as old as recorded history itself. Astronomers from all civilizations"medieval to the present times"carefully observed the stars and their relative position in the night sky. Even in the medieval times, astronomers universally observed two features: that stars tended to drift westward with each passing night; and, despite this apparent movement, stars were always in a fixed position relative to each other. Anything that man could not explain, ending up fascinating him?as did the stars. It has been stated that when man loses his desire to explore the unknown, the human race will have sounded its own death knell."
Tags: universe, astronomy, stars, westward, observations, fixed, position
