Abstract This paper discusses ideological shifts in American history from 1932 to 2000 between liberalism and conservatism. The paper contends the changes are supported by results of American Presidential elections.
Abstract This paper uses the example of a provincial daycare program initiative to show how the ideologies of conservatism and capitalism have profoundly distinct perspectives. The paper discusses the thesis that while conservatism in the forms of both Neo-conservatism and the New Right take exception to the initiative, socialism and socialists support it.
From the Paper "In analyzing the given Provincial Daycare Program initiative in terms of the ideologies of conservatism and capitalism, it becomes clear that in terms of both the basic tenets of these ideologies and in their more recent variants they would each have profoundly distinct perspectives upon these initiatives. This paper will argue the thesis that while conservatism in the forms of both Neoconservatism and the New Right would take exception to both the underlying assumptions and the actual details of the initiative, socialism and socialists would broadly support both the policy and its underlying assumptions."
Abstract The paper presents a brief history of the British Conservative movement and looks at the present day's British conservatism. The paper shows how in the face of such modern plagues as terrorism, religious intolerance and the global war on drugs, British Conservatives have had to adapt to the rapid changes all around them. The paper examines the Conservatives' Vision for Britain, a strategic plan essentially divided into six major areas of policy and action. The paper is of the opinion that while no political or social system is perfect, British Conservatism has certainly made an effort and achieved great progress toward the promotion of a happy population and a bright future for Britain.
Outline:
Introduction
From the Past to the Present
British Conservatism in the Modern Day
Closing Thoughts
From the Paper "Beginning in the late 1830s and moving into the late 1840's, the Conservatives in Britain certainly had a great deal to celebrate about: political power, a growing number of party members, and a celebrity roster that included some of the most brilliant and prolific writers of the day: Wordsworth, Southey, Wilson, Hallam, Buckland, Lockhart, Chalmers, Croly and Faraday (McDowell). In addition to this impressive membership list, the Conservative party enjoyed religious dominance through the Church of England; the religious tone of the day also defined the curricula at the major English universities of the day, Oxford and Cambridge."
Abstract This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of American government. Specifically it discusses conservatism in the American political landscape. The paper discusses how American conservatism has altered drastically since the end of World War II. It then looks at the cause of this alteration and where American conservatism is headed in the future.
From the Paper "In conclusion, conservatism in America takes many forms and ideals and blends them together to create social, political, and religious thought and action. Most conservatives do hold one tenet above all others, and that is personal liberty and responsibility. Born out of conservative roots, America may be a successful and powerful world government, with many liberal ideas and policies, but underneath it all, much of America conforms to conservative values and ideals - ideals that came to this country with the first British colonists, and have grown and flourished throughout American history."
Abstract The paper shows that at the heart of the political theory of conservatism lie two theories that are becoming less popular in modern western society - 'organic society', and 'tradition'. This essay explains the roots, theories, and beliefs behind these ideas, as well as their connection to conservatism.
From the Paper ""Organic society" denotes several things. At the centre of it lies a theory of human nature that reflects people as dependent and insecure. They urgently need to belong to a certain group, in order to feel nurtured, and to add meaning to their existence. These groups are varied, but all ultimately perform the same task ? they include family, friends, work-mates, local community or even the nation. This contradicts the theory of "negative freedom", which denotes that individuals should be separated or at least protected from some of these groups, and left on their own. In context with this definition, one can see freedom as a "willingness to accept social obligations and ties by individuals who recognize their value" . An example of this is a child's willingness to obey his parent ? this is not a constraint of the child's freedom but rather a tool by which it can learn from its parent. Therefore, society is formed through a natural instinct to belong. Indeed, at the base of it lies the family, which is the epitome of the society as a whole. The family develops out of the simple need to bear and bring up children, and members of it simply grow up within it and are guided by it (they do not sign any contract). It is maintained by natural impulses such as love, caring, and responsibility and holds the elements that protect and define the organic society as a whole."
Abstract This paper discusses the definition and application of conservatism within society. It provides examples from within Canadian society of equality of opportunity and freedom and how these concepts relate to conservatism. The paper also discusses why the author feels that she can be considered conservative due to the views and beliefs that she holds.
From the Paper "Another way of viewing this aspect of Conservative tradition is found in their ideas of marriage. Conservatives put emphasis on the idea of a traditional family in that this is the environment where a child is supposed to be taught the values of a society with the hope that they will eventually become a vital member of that society (Macpherson, 1980, pg 72-74). However, this theory seems very dated by today's standards because it is becomes very difficult to prove that a child will flourish only when in the presence of the traditional family, and not in one consisting of a single mother, or two homosexual parents. In this aspect, among other issues such as abortion, conservatism seems to have similar views on these subjects as the church, which may in part stem from historical tradition. In my opinion, the church should not so greatly interfere with political issues that governments' actions are completely influenced. These two organizations should be treated as such because they both have completely different agendas, with the government leading an entire society, and the church only acting as a leader to a select representation of that society. Even though this doesn't seem to occur as drastically as it did throughout modern history, it should still be enforced that these two institutions be completely separate."
Abstract This paper argues that conservatism answers questions of equality better than liberalism, and therefore provides the better account of the role of equality in a just society. The author argues that liberal egalitarianism is rightly rejected by conservatives, and examines issues of responsibility and choice, the fostering of good lives, and the value of history and reason as guides, skepticism and pluralism, and the faults in the Original Position. Includes references to various writers and theorists.
From the Paper ?In a society characterized by moderate scarcity and moderate sociability ? Rawls's conditions for justice ? people will experience substantial differences in their well-being, absent government intervention. After all, people are endowed at birth with wildly varying degrees of natural talent and social fortune. Even individuals born with identical advantages will eventually find themselves in unequal positions, as a result of random occurrences and the possession of different attitudes and propensities. For example, a car may hit one of the two, or one of the two may spend relatively more time pursuing his education, while the other may spend relatively more time pursuing women. The political philosopher must respond to nature's apparent predisposition toward inequality by answering two questions: Is this a problem? What ought to be done about it? This paper argues that conservatism answers these questions better than liberalism, and therefore provides the better account of the role of equality in a just society.?
Tags: conservative, john, justice, kekes, liberal, philosophy, rawls, theory
Abstract This paper presents a detailed discussion about capitalist conservatism. The writer uses two published works to discuss the topic and its merits. The discussion revolves around whether or not the writer agrees with the idea that capitalism is merely progressive tradition challenging force for change.
From the Paper "The dictionary defines capitalism as an economic system. It is a system that is characterized by private ownership and corporate ownership of capital goods. Those goods are obtained by investments and the investments are chosen by private decisions using prices, production and goods distribution as decision factors . This all provides competition in a free market and it is the foundational existence of the economic system called capitalism. Capitalism has been studied throughout history because of its widely fluctuating successes and failures ."
Abstract This paper argues in favor of the American conservative political view. It contrasts conservatism to liberalism and libertarianism. The paper discusses the political ideologies? views on morality, individual rights, social programs, sexual education and economic policies.
From the Paper "Government plays an important part in all of our lives. You may have seen political figures and have realized that they hold a number of opinions and policies that differ greatly. With so much variation, confusion is not uncommon. Most people in America hold one of three major general beliefs about government, or civic stances: conservatism, liberalism, and libertarianism. Each of these stances has its own ways of dealing with governmental issues and reasons why it is believed that these ways are best. Perhaps the following may help in shaping or altering opinions regarding governmental issues."
Tags: civic, conservative, government, liberal, libertarian, morality, stance, individual, rights
A paper which asks the questions: What are conservatives conserving? and to what degree is there a conflict between different versions of conservatism?
Abstract This paper explores the development of conservatism as an ideology. It outlines the responses conservatives give to progressive ideas, and explains how they try to uphold traditional values. Specifically, the essay deals with conservative views on cultural differentiation, new moral teachings, and changes in the economic system. It analyzes the views of different specialists in the field such as Richard Weaver and C.S Lewis.
From the Paper "Conservatism is a positional ideology, i.e. the set of arguments made in defense of something that is being attacked. For this reason, the claim could be made that conservative ideas come about as a reaction to the emergence of a new politico-ideological culture. This essay draws on a number of sources in its attempt to explain what conservatives are actually conserving, what methods they use to defend the existing political, social, or economic structures, and why visions of conservatism may vary."
Abstract This paper argue that a key similarity of both texts' depiction of the Industrial Revolution is their representation of the predominant social conservatism of an era known, paradoxically, for its profound social and economic change.
Abstract This paper explains Clinton Rossiter's definition of conservative and looks at how it is applied to President George W. Bush particularly with regard to favoring corporations and the rich and religious views. The confusion over the meanings of the word conservatism is also analyzed.
From the Paper "Early in his book Conservatism in America Clinton Rossiter writes conservatism is one of the most confusing words in the glossary of political thought and oratory In spite of its ambiguities he defines it in four ways as temperamental ..."
Tags:Conservatism, Rossiter, Politics, President Bush
Abstract This paper first defines and analyzes the Republican Party coalition of 1994 and then moves to the thought and writings of Theodore J. Lowi. The author states that Lowi's school of thought has promoted disunity among the democratic masses of the United States because Lowi forgot the diverse segments within the politics of the United States.
Table of Content
Background
About Theodore J. Lowi
Summary of Lowi's Reasoning and Argument and the Negative Affects
Theodore J. Lowi's Overview on Liberalism
Lowi's Definition of Liberalism
A Wider Meaning
The New Liberalism and its Outcome
The Emergence of Conservatism from Liberalism
How Liberalism Nationalized Conservatism The Flawed Coalition
Conclusion
Flaws in Lowi's Views and its Negative Effects on Democracy
From the Paper "Theodore J. Lowi, the John L. Senior Professor of American Institutions at Cornell University, is a highly acclaimed political scientist and an expert on the American presidency. He was the former President of the American Political Science Association (1998). Lowi's works are primarily ideological exegesis. He has written numerous books, including ?The End of Liberalism,? "Democrats Return to Power: Politics and Policy in the Clinton Era" and ?The Pursuit of Justice,? which was co-authored with Robert F. Kennedy."
Abstract This paper is an historical assessment of Canadian politics. The paper evaluates the differences between 19th Century Conservatism and late 20th Century Neo-Conservatism in Canadian political history, and describes these differences in relation to Canadian business and economics.
Abstract The paper analyzes the political ideologies of liberalism, conservatism and social democracy and explains that this requires identifying the basic political principles and tenets of these rival ideologies. The paper explains that this also requires comparing them to one another, for political ideologies emerge and develop in response to other political ideologies. The paper discusses that in general terms, liberalism emerged as a critical response to conservatism and social democracy emerged as a critical response to both conservatism and liberalism.
From the Paper "Liberalism has been defined by both proponents and opponents as a political ideology that values strong support for a broad and comprehensive interpretation of civil liberties, for freedom of cultural expression and religious toleration and for widespread popular participation in the political process regardless of race, gender or income."
