Abstract This paper discusses the pro's and con's of affirmative action, particularly with regard to employment and education. It discusses the purpose of Affirmative Action, and issues of discrimination and reverse discrimination.
From the Paper "Affirmative Action purports to be a method for achieving equal employment opportunity for minorities normally discriminated against in hiring based on race ethnicity gender or other exclusionary criteria..."
Tags: Affirmative Action, pro's and con's, employment, education
Abstract An examination of the pros and cons of parental involvement in the elementary school system, looking at how parents can help their children by becoming involved, while supporting the school and the community. The author shows how parental involvement is a controversial issue. Although findings show that parental involvement in the child's educational activities can be a positive and helpful experience, involvement can also be detrimental, and too personal or emotional involvement may actually hinder the educational process.
From the Paper "Parental involvement in the elementary school system is not a new idea. When fewer women worked outside the home, it was more common for mothers to spend time volunteering in their child's classroom, or help them with homework after school. Today, many educators and experts feel that parental involvement, especially in the elementary grades, can be beneficial for the children and the teachers, but too much of a good thing can also be detrimental to the classroom. Studies have also shown that parental involvement today is often based on the income level of the family, as lower income level parents are less likely to volunteer in the classroom, or become as involved in their child's education."
Abstract The paper examines the controversy over the differentiated instruction approach by delineating and discussing the arguments on both sides. Both the pro and the con arguments are described. This is followed by the formulation of conclusions about differentiated instruction that each side would derive based on their differing arguments.
Abstract This paper discusses the pros and cons of pursuing a full inclusion policy of placing blind children in general education classrooms.
From the Paper "Since the passage of the Individuals with Disability Education Act (IDEA) and its reauthorization, educators have confronted tremendous pressure to mainstream children with disabilities in deference to the IDEA's least restrictive environment (LRE) provision. Essentially, to the extent possible, children with disabilities, including blind children, should be educated alongside their non-disabled peers in general education classrooms."
Abstract This paper explores the pros and cons of managed care, with special emphasis in the addictions field. The paper examines how managed care providers are now responsible for managing and providing health care coverage for much of addiction treatment. The paper further examines how many health care providers have expressed their concerns that managed care's stronghold in this area may reduce the quality of care afforded patients affected by addiction. The paper provides a synopsis of the pros and cons, with an analysis of the ethical considerations related to health care in general, as well as ethical considerations specific to the field of addictions treatment.
Outline:
Introduction
Benefits of Managed Care
Conflicts or Cons of Managed Care
Ethical Conflicts
How Does Managed Care Impact Ethical Codes
Recommendations and Conclusions
References
From the Paper "Most of the goals associated with managed care are benevolent in nature. These include focusing on cost containment and quality improvement among health care organizations (Gervais et al. 1999). To this extend managed care agencies are interested in providing comprehensive mental health benefits, they simply aspire to do so in a cost effective manner. Initially managed care organization's primary focus included expanding access to quality health care services for those that were often uninsured or those that lacked adequate health care insurance because of their financial status (Gervais et al. 1999)."
Tags: health, coverage, financial, status, chiropractic, yoga, community
Abstract This paper looks at the problem of fracture sociale in France. The author examines this problem as seen in "Le D"ner du Cons? and "La Haine" and compares the two with particular attention to class and social barriers in modern France.
From the Paper:
""Le D"ner de Cons? is a farcical comedy about a club of bored, successful and obnoxious Parisians whose lives revolve around a male adolescent game of one-upmanship. Pierre Brochant is an arrogant publishing executive who livens up his upper class existence by attending idiot dinners. The concept is discomforting, rooted as it is in an attitude of arrogant superiority."
Tags: alienation, class, cons, dinner, du, d?ner, france, francis, game, haine, idiot, la, le, race, veber
Abstract Discusses pros and cons of holding the Summer Olympics in the state in 2012. Major issue of security. Threat of terrorism. Tourism decrease in Florida after 9/11. Pros and cons of Central Florida as a site, and elements involved. The timeline. Facilities for Olympic events. Travel considerations. Housing of competitors and fans.
From the Paper "Pros and Cons of Florida 2012
Introduction
The issue that is at the basis of this paper is "Florida 2012", the name given to the organization spearheading a move to have the Tampa/Clearwater/Orlando region declared the site of the Summer Olympics in 2012. Several million dollars has been raised by the steering committee, and the citizens of the state are divided as to whether or not hosting the Olympics is the most feasible past time that the State should be pursuing at the moment.
This is based on the fact that Florida is being mentioned daily (and sometimes hourly) by news media around the world, usually in connection with the handful of young Muslims who felt compelled to take advantage of Florida's mythic hospitality and use the state, and ..."
Essay on affirmative action, including an outline, history, con and rebuttal, past court cases, recent events including the University of Michigan case, and work cited page.
Abstract This essay covers most topics surrounding affirmative action, including background, first affirmative action case and more recent events. The writer claims that affirmative action, while created to help bring blacks and whites together, only further spreads the races apart and should be abolished.
Table of Contents
History
Civil War
Reconstruction
Jim Crow Laws
Presidential Orders
Past Court Cases
Con and Rebuttal
Con Quotes and Opinions
Jessie Jackson on Affirmative Action
Lyndon B. Johnson on Affirmative Action
Rebuttal
How Affirmative Action Hurts the Civil Rights Act
Ill Effects of Affirmative Action
Recent Events
Piscataway Board of Education vs. Taxman
Proposition 209
California Ballot
Suit against Proposition 209
Arguments for Proposition 209
Arguments against Proposition 209
University of Michigan and Bush Brief
From the Paper "According to the Webster's Dictionary, affirmative action is an active effort to improve the employment or educational opportunities of members of minority groups and women. "Born of the civil rights movement three decades ago, affirmative action calls for minorities and women to be given special consideration in employment, education, and contracting decisions" (Froomkin 1). It has been a controversial topic in the United States since it began to plague the country in the early 1940?s. Affirmative action as it is now seen, is giving unequal or special employment, or educational rights to minorities. "Affirmative action programs were originally created to correct racial and cultural discrimination, dating from the days of slavery and public segregation. But the initiative has proven controversial, and enforcement has often applied in a random and confusing way" (Mears 1). While created to help bring blacks and whites together, affirmative action only further spreads the races apart and should be abolished."
Tags: 209, african, americans, civil, proposition, racism, rights
Abstract This paper shows that there are both pros and cons to raising minimum wage, but ultimately, raising the minimum wage in this country will only make it more difficult for those that still struggle to get by. The paper begins with historical information about minimum wage and then moves on to the pros and cons of raising it. The summary and conclusion explain the reasons that minimum wage should not be raised and indicate that there must be some other way to help individuals in this country who are struggling to pay their bills and put food on the table.
From the Paper "Historically, minimum wage has been through a great many changes. It is designed to be the lowest wage that an industry can legally pay in the United States (Minimum, 2004). Minimum wage was originally established to ensure that all individuals could have a standard of living that would provide them with a reasonable amount of health and decency. There have been many ways in the past that minimum wage has been changed. These include collective bargaining from labor unions, by board action, by arbitration, and by legislation (Minimum, 2004). Almost all countries have a minimum wage and originally in the United States minimum wage laws were believed to be unconstitutional."
Abstract This paper explains that increased trade between countries does create wealth; however, the rules of the trade game are such that the wealth being generated by increased level of international trade does not reach all sections of the world in a fair manner. The author argues that there is an urgent need for creating a level-playing field for all in international trade so that the benefits reach everyone; organizations such as the WTO and the IMF, which make and oversee trade rules and international monetary policies, must be purged of the pervasive influence of large multi-national corporations and big business. The paper relates that unprecedented development in the communication and information technologies in the last few decades and the eclipse of communism have given a great boost to international trade; international trade leads to prosperity and development but such trade also gives rise to a number of problems such as increasing inequality and rural poverty.
Table of Contents
The Pros and Cons of International Trade
Reasons Why Increased International Trade is Beneficial
Growing International Trade
Pros: Benefits of Increased International Trade
Growth in Countries that Adopted Free-Trade Policies
Example of the United States
Cons: The Disadvantages
Policies Based on Corporate Interests
Removing the Guiding Hand
How International Free Trade Policies Favor Big Corporations
Corporations Exempt from Free Market Discipline
Inequality
Rural Poverty
Trade and Environment
Analysis of the Arguments
What Should Be Done?
Conclusion
From the Paper "The colonialist powers, particularly Britain, had realized the benefits of international trade after its industrial revolution although it is highly debatable whether such trade was beneficial for the colonies as well. In the last two decades, international monetary institutions such as IMF and trade organizations, particularly the Word Trade Organization (WTO) have been at the forefront for promoting free international trade. Unrestricted international trade has been touted as the panacea for all economic ills and an agent of development. The results of international trade have, however, been mixed. While supporters of free trade point to several success stories such as China, others point to the growing inequality, economic shocks such as the Asian Economic Crisis of 1997, and the increasing poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa as "fruits" of increased international trade (also known as globalization)."
Abstract The so-called "Miranda Decision" was very controversial, due to the probe conducted by the Supreme Court into police practices that had previously been concealed from the public and free from the scrutiny of the courts. This paper looks at how conservative critics argued that this decision went too far in creating new rules for the police, due in part to the fact that the Fifth and Sixth Amendments do not specifically refer to advising suspects of their rights. In contrast, civil libertarians responded by saying that the Supreme Court acted properly in regard to what is required in order to give practical meaning to specific provisions of the Bill of Rights. This paper discusses how the "Miranda Decision" contains numerous pros and cons in relation to its legality and interpretation, due to some viewing it as protecting the criminal at the expense of the victims; while others see it as not going far enough to protect the victims instead of the criminal.
Paper Outline:
Section 1: Introduction
Overview of the Miranda Decision
Section 2: The Pros and Cons of the Miranda Rights
Custody
Mandated Warnings
Interrogation Rights
Exceptions and Limitations
Conclusion
From the Paper "The "Miranda Decision" clearly accomplished its goal by creating a Fifth Amendment right to counsel that is distinct from but closely related to the Sixth Amendment right to counsel. Both of these "rights" have continued to evolve through the normal process of judicial interpretation, although dissent is always present. Apart from the "Miranda Decision," the more traditional law of the Fifth Amendment's protection against compulsory self-incrimination continues to evolve also. As pointed out by Susan D. Gold, "the Fifth Amendment privilege is so fundamental to our system of constitutional rule and the expedient of giving an adequate warning as to the availability of the privilege so simple, we must never fail to make the defendant aware of his rights, for if we do, the entire system may collapse under its own weight" (1995, 276)."
Abstract The paper investigates the issues surrounding the death penalty, or capital punishment. The writer examines the history of the death penalty and current developments in its execution. The paper explores the pros and cons of using capital punishment; available alternatives; different points of views from different sectors in society; and the common issues involved. The paper concludes that although the death penalty may be warranted in certain cases, one must be prepared for the possibility of a wrongful conviction.
Table of Contents:
I. Introduction
II. Capital Punishment: Death Penalty
A. History of Death Penalty
B. The Pros and Cons of Death Penalty
C. Death Penalty Alternatives
D. Cost
E. 4 Issues of the Death Penalty
1. Deterrence
2. Arbitrariness.
3. Retribution
4. Wrongful Convictions
III. Conclusion
From the Paper "On the other side, it can't always be expected that just because two crimes from different states appear to be the same, the criminals will be punished similarly. The US court found it unconstitutional to mandate death penalty to all who are guilty of 1st degree murder. Hence, each member of the judicial system is entitled to his or her own judgment on a case-to-case basis. Though there may be some people who get away from being punished with death penalty, it does not follow that everyone should then be spared."
Abstract This paper discusses the future prospects of Borders Book Store. It particularly discusses the need increase its use of technology, as Borders is, by definition, as company that sells low-tech products - books. The paper analyzes a proposal for including WiFi technology in Borders cafes and discusses the pros and cons of this addition. It concludes that test-marketing may be necessary to test the viability of using WiFi technology.
Table of Contents:
Borders Book Store
What is WiFi? Why WiFi? --Pros
WiFi--Cons Test-marketing
From the Paper "The downside to including a WiFi network within Borders cafes is that customers may be more apt to do work or talk to their virtual friends on the Internet, than peruse Borders afterwards and buy books and magazines. The time spent on the Internet is time that will NOT be spent looking at Borders items for sale. Although the cafe is an important part of Borders business, if customers are coming just to access the WiFi network, Borders cafes will not necessarily have an additional attraction, as opposed to a local Starbucks or restaurant that also offers WiFi and perhaps a larger selection of food and beverage items. Also, customers who wish to do work or socialize upon their laptops usually come in alone, rather than in more lucrative couples from the cafe's point of view. When using the Internet, these solitary patrons stay longer, perhaps, then if they were just looking at magazine within the store, also minimizing the amount of places for customers to sit down and eat, and reducing the total amount of patrons able to eat at the cafe."
Abstract This paper discusses the background of plastic surgery. It looks into both genres of plastic surgery - reconstructive surgery and cosmetic or aesthetic surgery. The paper discusses the pros of plastic surgery, particularly in the realm of reconstructive surgery and then discusses its cons, particularly the medical risks and uncertainties that are associated with it.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background of Plastic Surgery
Plastic Surgery Cons Plastic Surgery Pros
From the Paper "Plastic surgery also has several advantages, especially in the area of reconstructive surgery. Reconstructive surgery is used to correct deficiencies that would otherwise have no means of treatment. Reconstructive surgery has made some of the most notable advancements in the area of microsurgery, and can be used to repair birth defects, such as cleft pallets, and internal forms of function. It can also be used to repair injuries suffered in accidents, and has led to saving limbs and restoring joints that otherwise would be irreparable. Burns can be repaired by skin grafting, and facial injuries involving extensive dental repair are common procedures for plastic surgery, that can improve an individual's self esteem as well as their ability to perform usual and normal functions. Additionally, the field of plastic surgery has widely grown, increasing the accuracy of procedures. Finally, as innovations in this area allow plastic surgery to flourish, the restoration of normal human form and function will become safer."
