Abstract
The writer notes that even though the Roman armies conquered Greece eventually, it was Greek culture including philosophy, to sculpture and art, to education and literature that actually "conquered" Rome. This essay delineates some of the famous Roman poets, writers, orators who used the background of Greek culture to rise to eminence in the Roman Republic and eventually the Empire under Augustus.

From the Paper
"Roman armies may have conquered the various Greek city-states and brought them under their rule, centered in Rome, but the culture and traditions that helped Greece spawn Western Civilization took hold and produced Roman culture. "The Greek conquest of Rome took the form of sending Greek religion and comedy to the Roman plebs; Greek morals, philosophy, and art to the upper classes" (Durant 1944 95). Those who came to Rome fro Greece were called "Greeklings" by the Romans, and some of them actually were highly influential on young Romans by becoming their tutors. It is interesting to learn that the Romans, despite having their own gods ..."

Tags:culture, golden, age

Abstract
The paper considers the novel "Utopia" by Thomas More that describes conquests in a utopian society and Bartolome de Las Casas's "Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies." The paper examines the justification for conquest, treatment of the conquered, and rights of the conquered. The paper explains how these two works show different scenarios. In the Utopian society, there is reasonable justification for the conquest, the conquered people are treated well and the conquered people are given full rights. In the case of the Spaniards and the Indians, there is no valid justification for the conquest, the Indians are treated harshly, and the Indians are stripped of their rights. Despite these apparent differences, the paper shows that both works offer the same message.

Contents:
Conquering "Primitives" and the Justification for Conquest
The Treatment of the Conquered
The Rights of the Defeated
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In Utopia there is a lot of detail given justifying the conquest of primitives. This starts with a statement that the Utopians detest war and do not enter into battle easily. The strongest statement made about the Utopian position on war is that "they count nothing so much against glory, as glory gotten in war" (More, The Second Book of Warfare). Considering that society typically considers war as being associated with glory, this statement shows that the society rejects war as much as they possibly can. The book then goes on to describe the justifications for war. These justifications include defending their own country, driving out enemies from the lands of their friends, and freeing oppressed people from tyranny and bondage. It is this third justification that is their reason for conquering the original inhabitants of Utopia. Essentially, they consider that the original inhabitants are being ruled wrongly and that their conquering of the people will free them and allow them to be ruled in the correct way. The book even states that they conquer lands where people are oppressed out of "mere pity and compassion" (More, The Second Book of Warfare)."

Tags:justification, treatment, rights

Abstract
The paper relates that John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr are probably the most famous pop musicians of all time; they are the members of the Beatles, a pop group that forever changed the way our society views pop and music. The paper reveals that Beatles are probably the most famous music group of all time with millions of fans even today, and, by the time the Beatles conquered America, they had 'ruled' the UK and the rest of Europe. This paper examines how the Beatles conquered America and argues that besides being talented musicians, the Beatles were at the right place at the right time as well.

From the Paper
"John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr are probably the most famous pop musicians of all time. They are the members of the Beatles, a pop group that forever changed the way our society views pop and music. The Beatles are probably the most famous music group of all time with millions of fans even today. By the time the Beatles conquered America, they had `ruled' the UK and the rest of Europe. This paper will examine how the Beatles conquered America. The paper will argue that besides being talented musicians, the Beatles were at the right place at the right time as well. The combination of the members' characteristics,..."

Tags:music, beatles, fame

Abstract
This paper traces the conquest on Mexico and the Aztec civilization by Hernando Cortez and his men in 1519 against the backdrop of the forces which influenced the Europeans to seek such a mission. The paper shows that the Europeans struggled with their ambivalence towards the two Americas and towards the native people whom they viewed as heathens and whose complexed cultures they were unable to understand. The paper explains that Cortez knew he was on a mission, not just for wealth, but to preserve the hegemony, both psychological and literal, of Europe. The paper examines the Aztec civilization and follows the course of the conquest until the Aztec surrender to Cortez's troops in 1521.

From the Paper
"The Aztec culture was well developed; they had developed an agricultural system that fed a large population; had developed math that helped provide them with an accurate calendar; had built a system of water canals for crop irrigation; mined for gold, silver, tin and copper; and had created weapons such as clubs lined with volcanic glass called obsidian. These clubs could decapitate an animal with a single blow. They had developed cooking and eating utensils, and a system of trade and barter. They also had schools; they held slaves, and they practiced human sacrifice in religious ceremonies."

Tags:Malinche, King, Charles, I, Quetzalcoatl, Montezuma

Abstract
The main elements of the seccessionist theory will be given in this paper for the understanding of this complex issue and will tell us what different states thought of the matter. By analyzing some of the details of the Theory of cession by some of its creators, we can understand the complex situation of the South before and after the Civil War.

Abstract
This paper examines the conversion of Native Americans during the colonial period, primarily in the 16th and 17th centuries. The author delineates the conversion methods of the Spanish, the French, and the English, as well as the resistance movements on the part of the Native Americans. The essence of the paper lies in analyzing the effects of conversion, and how the groups interacted with each other.

From the Paper
"It is not often that one thinks of any European nation as uncultured or backward, but it takes only a single look towards the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and the conquest of North America to see that perhaps the conquered were more forward moving, at least spiritually, than their conquerors. Though thought to be savage and primitive, the natives of North America had long since developed coherent religious systems, as intricate as those of the Europeans even bearing similarities to them. Christianity and its various forms, however, proved to be a much less understanding opponent to the Native Americans, who hardly expected to be opposed in the first place. Along with the discovery of the New World came an onslaught of attempts towards conversion."

Tags:america, american, colonialism, conversion, early, indians, native, religion, religious, syncretism, huron, europe, christianity, spain, france

Abstract
The paper relates that Oliver Goldsmith's play, "She Stoops to Conquer" was a directed by Max Stafford-Clark at the acclaimed National Theatre in Bath and on tour with the troupe. The paper examines how Stafford-Clark highlights the dysfunction of a "restoration" family, the Hardcastle's, while allowing the characters to be warm and witty. The paper shows how Stafford-Clark successfully leads the actors and the rest of the team to realize the artistic vision that Goldsmith intended with an integrated collaboration of design and acting. The paper asserts that Stafford-Clark has been one of the most important forces in British theatre in the last four decades and his contribution to "She Stoops to Conquer" is another example of this encouraging direction ("Professor").

From the Paper
"Oliver Goldsmith's play, "She Stoops to Conquer" was a directed by Max Stafford-Clark at the acclaimed National Theatre in Bath and on tour with the troupe. Stafford-Clark highlights the dysfunction of a "restoration" family, the Hardcastle's, while allowing the characters to be warm and..."

Tags:play, director, critique

Abstract
China has been governed twice by a foreign group. The first was that of the Mongols, in the thirteenth century. The second was that of the Manchus, in the seventeenth century. This paper explains the reasons why the Mongols were only able to govern for a relatively short period of time, during which they caused an incredible amount of discontent among the Chinese, and why the Manchus managed to be much more successful in controlling China until the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The paper examines events preceding the Mongol and Manchu conquests, as well as the ways by which the invaders were able to establish sovereignty. The important aspects of the Mongol and Manchu administrations are also examined, with an emphasis on the differences in those administrations, which provides reasons for Mongol failure and Manchu success. Finally, the demise of both dynasties is examined.

From the Paper
"The Mongols originated in the northern steppe, the land of which was not very accommodating for sedentary agriculture. Consequently, the Mongols were a nomadic people, specialists in animal husbandry and horse riding. From a very young age the males and females learned to ride on horseback and shoot arrows, creating a highly skilled fighting force. The Mongols organized themselves into tribes, which on occasion united under one khan. The Mongols considered their free lifestyle superior to that of the stationary farmers to the south. The Han Chinese in contrast relied on agriculture to fund the economy. The literati, a group made up of learned men who spent their days philosophizing and painting in the countryside, were revered. Due to an established examination system, the society was relatively mobile, allowing men from low ranking families to work as high government officials. The Chinese felt themselves above the barbarian nomads to the north. This great disparity between the two cultures is the greatest cause of the inability of the Mongols to control China effectively."

Tags:china dynasty mongol manchu agrarian emperor conquered westerner's empire, great wall, ming suicide heaven japan asian porcelain, genghis khan, han sovereignty

Abstract
The question is sometimes asked whether or not the Incas were conquered and colonized, or whether they voluntarily became part of the Spanish society. This paper argues that, once one studies the history of the Incas and their desire for power, one will be convinced that the Incas were conquered, as they would never have given up voluntarily to the Spanish.

From the Paper
"The fact that the Incas were a power hungry people and a powerful regime before the invasion of the Spaniards is proof of the fact that they were conquered and later colonized. The fact that the Incas took over more land and people than anyone ever had in the history of South America lends credibility to the idea that the only way the Spanish won them over was by force. If one studies the Inca cultures and traditions one can easily see that there was only one way for the Spanish to gain power over them, and it was by force."

Tags:Aztec, Chibcha, Herman, Cortes, Francisco, Pizzarro

Abstract
This paper discusses Albert Bierstadt's art and describes how his paintings depict the landscapes and environments of the United States West in their most idyllic and archetypal form. The paper describes some of Bierstadt's specific paintings and provides an appendix with copies of the paintings for the reader to view. The paper suggests that Bierstadt held a bombastic mentality as he profited and helped forge the New Eden image of the soon to be conquered American West.

Table of Contents:
Cultivating His Landscapes
Bierstadt's New Eden
Bierstadt as Spokesman for Manifest Destiny

From the Paper
"Bierstadt was a product of his time, a true purveyor of Manifest Destiny and profiteer over the national drive westward. By all accounts, he had no evil intent nor was he a morally bad figure. It is with the aid of historical perspective that we may see how his individual works and success played a role in the paradigm of the American West. His pervasive advertisement of a New Eden was merely one part among many in the schema of mid-19th century American society and politics. Indian Canoe is a testament to the repercussions of zealotry and the dehumanization of those who stand before faith. The weight of all humanity's consciousness is heavier for it."

Tags:depiction, landscape, Indian, manifest, destiny