Abstract
The following is an undergraduate 5-page paper describing how colonialism influenced people in the Congo. The paper discusses how colonialism plays a part in contributing to the emergence of Third World countries.

Tags:the, congo

Abstract
This paper explains that the Democratic Republic of Congo, formerly known as Zaire, has been plagued with ethnic turmoil and civil war, exacerbated by the massive influx of refugees from Rwanda and Burundi, which has reduced a once prospering country into a state of turmoil. The author points out that there are over 200 African ethnic groups in the Democratic Republic of Congo of which the majority of these are Bantu. The paper explains that the U.N.'s Human Development Index (HDI), which is a composite of human development indicators, such as longevity, knowledge and education, and economic measurements, is a better system of determining living standards than the GDP alone; Democratic Republic of Congo ranks very near the bottom. Many graphs and charts.

Table of Contents
Democratic Republic of Congo Background
Introduction
Geographic Placement
Ethnic Composition of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Religious Composition of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Colonial History of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Form of Government for the Democratic Republic of Congo
Main Sources of Economic Activity
Structure of the Economy of Democratic Republic of Congo
Economic Background
Nominal and Real GDP Per Capita for the Previous 10 Years, in US$
Nominal and Real GDP Per Capita for the Previous 10 Years, in LCU
Comparison of Two Graphs
Life Expectancy
Adult Literacy Rate
Primary School Enrollment Rate
Human Development Index (HDI)
HDI Formula
HDI Versus GDP
5 Obstacles to Economic Development in the Past 5 Years
Actions that Could be Taken to Overcome These Challenges

From the Paper
"Currently the country is under a dictatorship and is presumably transitioning towards a representative government; however, this has yet to be realized. A 500-member transitional National Assembly, along with a 120-member Senate was installed in July of 2003. These members were drawn from groups that signed the Pretoria Accord in December 2002. Elections were scheduled to be held in June of 2005; however, these are not likely to take place. Instead, it is likely that the transitional government will remain in place until the early part of 2006. President Joseph Kabila heads this transitional government. The transitional government includes an executive president, four vice-presidents, and a cabinet that is drawn from five armed groups, the unarmed political opposition, civil society, and the previous government of Joseph Kabila."

Tags:infrastructure, gdp, hdi, stablity, war

Abstract
In this essay, the writer reviews Adam Hochschild's 'King Leopold's Ghost' that describes the greed, madness and murder in the Congo during Leopold's colonial rule. The writer also compares the subjugation of Africans in the Congo to Mexicans during the Mexican American War and to the depiction of colonialism in Joseph Conrad's 'Heart of Darkness'.

From the Paper
"In 'King Leopold's Ghost A Story of Greed Terror and Heroism in Colonial Africa' Adam Hochschild recounts the era of great exploitation greed and murder in the Congo that made Belgian King Leopold II wealthy through the trade of ivory and rubber. Norman Murdoch maintains that author Joseph Conrad referred to King Leopold's rule of the Congo as the vilest scramble for loot that every disfigured the history of human conscience. It is this scenario retold by Hochschild ..."

Tags:imperialism, colonialism, exploitation, slavery, Conrad, ethnocentrism

Abstract
This paper examines the Republic of the Congo. It gives a brief overview of the history, geography, resources, economics and population make-up of the Republic of Congo. It also describes how the poverty of the nation has led to significant social and political turmoil in the land. The paper then focuses on the environmental issues that face the nation.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Brief Overview
Population
Geography/Resources/Economy
Environmental Issues
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The Congo is experiencing numerous environmental issues. Some of these issues include water pollution caused by the dumping of raw sewage, air pollution, and non-potable tap water. All of these issues are of the utmost concern because of the impact they have on both the people of the Congo and the overall environment. However the most serious environmental issue facing The Republic of Congo is Deforestation."
"This deforestation is occurring in the Congo Basin. According to Tsoumou (2007) the Congo Basin is the second largest rain forest in the world. The Congo Basin is composed of nearly 30 percent of the world's entire vegetation, and it covers an area of 470 million acres (Tsoumou 2007). The Congo basin serves as the habitat for nearly 400 mammal species; this is inclusive of the world's largest populations of lowland chimpanzees, gorillas, and forest elephants (Tsoumou 2007)."

Tags:deforestation, meteorology, agriculture, poverty

Abstract
This paper provides a discussion of colonialism, anti-colonialism, and liberation in India, Vietnam, and the Congo. It offers information on each by creating a mock documentary with three segments devoted to colonialism, decolonization, and liberalism and Empire.

From the Paper
"During the era of colonialism, Third World nations like India, Vietnam, the Congo and others were colonized and exploited. The decolonization of these nations in an effort to liberate themselves led to nationalism that was forged most often in a conflagration that often required resistance to colonial powers. The resulting nationalism and self-rule of these peoples is one they continue to write themselves in the modern world. In this sense, colonialist efforts were largely responsible for the making..."

Tags:British, Africa, slavery, exploitation, Apocalypse Now, Gandhi, Frantz Fanon, capitalism, Heart of Darkness

Abstract
This paper is a thesis proposal for investigating the failure of international laws in protecting the citizens of the Democratic Republic of Congo from invasion and human rights abuses.

Abstract
This paper looks at the impact of colonialism and imperialism on the Congo, focusing on King Leopold II's of Belgium's policies that resulted in one of the most atrocious colonial regimes including removal of people from their homes, slave labor and other forms of brutality and exploitation of a native people. It also examines the devastating impact and legacy of this brutal exploitation after independence.

From the Paper
"Before delving into a discussion of the impact of colonialism and imperialism on the Congo it is best to define the terms in order to understand the difference between them. Imperialism ..."

Tags:Zaire, colonialism, slaves, minerals, Henry Stanley, King Leopold, Belgium

From the Paper
"THE ROLE OF UNITED STATES INTELLIGENCE AGENCIES IN THE CONGO CRISIS: 1960-1965
Introduction
This research discusses the role of United States intelligence services in the Congo Crisis of 1960-1965. United States intelligence services, for purposes of this research, refers to the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).

The geopolitical situation within which United States involvement in the Congo occurred is reviewed. The foreign policy-making decision structure in the United States government during the relevant period is discussed. The role of the United States in the Congo Crisis is examined.

The Geopolitical Environment
Following the end of the Second World War, the colonial powers.."

Abstract
This paper describes the atrocities committed in the Congo Free State and further compares how they were represented in two works of literature: Joseph Conrad's "Heart of Darkness" and "Adam Hochschild's "King Leopold's Ghost". The author explores how, although Joseph Conrad and Adam Hochschild both deal with the violent imperialism of the Congo, they also have different understandings and perspectives on its historic impact. The brutal rule of King Leopold of Belgium over the Congo is described in both works. The author concludes that Conrad and Hochschild both agree that the Congo Free State was a primary example of the horrors of colonization.

From the Paper
" The Congo Free State was a private colony owned by the King of Belgium King Leopold 1st. Known historically as a place of brutal repression and exploitation of Africans by Europeans seeking personal motivations of greed, it is depicted by both Hochschild and Conrad. King Leopold killed many of the native people that were not only treated as slaves, but brutally in a way that was far worse than other instances of slavery. King Leopold went to great lengths to colonize the colony and use explorers for his own personal gain. King Leopold lied to the world convincing them he would give power to the native people and treat them well and better than other European nations, but instead turned to colonial notions in order to maximize profitability and take advantage of his holdings. Thus sets the stage for the portrayal of the dehumanizing impact of colonization and imperialism."

Tags:Congo, King, Leopold, Heart, of, Darkness, Imperialism, King, Leopold's, Ghost, Joseph, Conrad, Adam, Hochschild, colonization, slavery, exploitation, racism

Abstract
This paper provides a history of the Congo, explaining how the problems between the groups originated, describes the genocide that took place in Rwanda and provides information on the current situation.

Outline:
History of the Congo
The Genocide
Current situation

From the Paper
"Regardless of how the oppression was promulgated, by the 1950's the Belgians had switched their allegiance from the Tutsi's to the Hutu's and the threatened Tutsi power sought support from communist powers. Meanwhile Hutu leaders were seeking their own freedom from Tutsi oppression and European dominance. Civil wars raged across the Congolese countries, displacing Tutsi populations and causing political upheaval. Terrible killings in Zaire in the mid 1960's caused many Tutsi's to flee to Rwanda. Unremitting civil unrest in Rwanda and other Congo countries eventually led to the horrific Rwanda genocide experienced in 1994. Civil wars and political and ethnic dissension continued to plague the countries of the Congo resulting in the first and second Congo Wars."

Tags:oppression, upheaval, populations