Abstract
This paper looks at why and how specialised skills in interviewing have been developed in the treatment of offenders to prevent recidivism. It examines confrontational and motivational techniques in working with offenders and discusses how these techniques are employed and how they work. It also evaluates the benefits and hindrances of these techniques and assesses which technique is more beneficial to preventing offending behaviour.

From the Paper
"Research carried out in the 1970's argued that imprisonment and rehabilitative with offenders did not make a significant change to the recidivism rates of offenders and this led to more critical analysis which showed that some interventions could work. The "Criminal Justice Act 1991" put more impetus to this by reconstructing the sentencing framework and recommending community sentencing for offenders unless the offence was serious enough to justify a prison sentence. "Punitive measures have done little to arrest the increase in crime and it is difficult to demonstrate that punishment achieves the effect of deterring offenders from re-offending" (McGuire 1995 cited HTO Davies, S Nutley and P Smith 2001 p93) Research showed that offender treatment programmes could work to reduce rates of re-offending."

Tags:recidivism, rehabilitation

Abstract
This paper examines the Confrontation Clause of the Sixth Amendment to the US Constitution, which discusses the right of an accused person to cross examine his accuser. The paper discusses the history of the Confrontation Clause and looks at the use of the Confrontation Clause in past and present court rooms. It also provides a few case examples of how the Confrontation Clause is put into practice.

From the Paper
"The use of the Confrontation Clause in past and present court rooms has served the court system well although when to use it and often times how and when it applies has proven to be a little blurry. The Confrontation Clause allows accused defendants to cross examine their accusers to gain as much insight as possible as to the factuality of their accusations except in situations where a child, person on their death bed, or a person who is deceased in concerned then testimony collect by law enforcement or stated in previous court cases is admitted in lieu of personal account. This clause will in effect prevent anyone from simply accusing us of a crime without the chance to defend ourselves in front of our accuser."

Tags:court, justice, accuser, defendant

Abstract
This paper explains that victims of sexual abuse are typically in a very fragile state so that they must be treated with the utmost care. The paper further explains that this must be taken into consideration when using confrontation to deal with victims of sexual abuse. The paper looks at when and how confrontation should be used, and what can be gained by its use. The dangers inherent in using confrontation are also pointed out.

From the Paper
"Victims of sexual abuse may be in a very fragile state emotionally and so must be treated with the utmost care. Social workers have the responsibility of establishing and maintaining an appropriate therapeutic relationship with their clients and paying careful attention to the management of boundaries between the two. The social worker must recognize that the client may be influenced by their opinions, conjecture or suggestions and so must take care in expressing them. The social worker must not minimize the power and influence they have on..."

Tags:confrotnation

Abstract
This paper highlights the portions of Ronald Reagan's foreign policy that confronted the Soviet Union in ways that forced the United States to spend large amounts of money. The foreign policy issues that are examined include Afghanistan, The Iran-Contra Affair, Reagan's support of Eastern-European Dissidents and Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative, (also known as "Star Wars"). Afghanistan is heavily analyzed, with a breakdown of significant historical points, such as the introduction of the US-made Stinger missile, which stripped the USSR of air superiority. The Iran-Contra affair is included as a way to demonstrate Reagan's willingness to confront communism everywhere. This was a marked policy shift from Jimmy Carter and caught the USSR off guard. The Strategic Defense Initiative is analyzed and is linked to an increased amount of money being spent by the USSR on research and development. The support of dissidents by Reagan is looked at as well, with the conclusion that with relatively little amounts of effort, Reagan's foreign policy fomented large amounts of political opposition to the Soviet Union in Eastern European satellite countries. This caused the Soviet Union to spend money combating this problem as well, with their spy apparatus. Definitive numbers are given that explain just how much the Soviet Union spending increased while Reagan was in office.

From the Paper
"In the 1980's, a swirling of events converged to form a perfect storm that met the conditions for bringing down what Ronald Reagan termed the "evil empire." The first incident was that Old School communists in the Politburo sought to make an impression in Central Asia, but found stalwart resistance in The Gipper. Second, Reagan's abrupt shift from Carter's lax foreign policy took the Soviets by surprise, with the new administration's desire to challenge communism on every front possible; out of this desire came the ill-fated support of the contras, along with the hugely successful backing of Eastern European dissidents, namely the Solidarity movement in Eastern Europe. The third event in Reagan's foreign policy shift that took the world by surprise was the administration's renunciation of the doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction; Reagan took the steps of beginning a Ballistic Missile Defense program, which he coined the Strategic Defense Initiative. The Soviets, with few options of recourse, were forced to make concessions that led to the implosion of the "evil empire" shortly afterward. Thus, by applying a policy of confrontation of spreading Communism, bleeding the Soviets in Afghanistan by supporting the mujahideen, and abruptly announcing a paradigm shift in American foreign policy with the Strategic Defense Initiative, Ronald Reagan certainly hastened, if not caused the downfall of the USSR."

Tags:cold, war, CIA, Uzbekistan

Abstract
An Australian company wishes to purchase prefabricated birdcages from Kenya and assemble them for sale. The company is confronted by a number of choices, each of which has different tax implications. This paper will trace the forking choices and explain the tax implications of each with references to Australian and Kenyan tax law. The first choice is how to do business in Kenya itself, whether as an Australian company, a Kenyan branch or subsidiary of the Australian company, or as a Kenyan company proper. A local branch or subsidiary of a foreign company will incur 37.5% income tax, versus 30% for a local company. It would thus seem to make more sense for a tax-averse entity to set up a fully Kenyan business; although, as we shall see, there is an important exception to this rule.

From the Paper
An Australian Company Doing Business with Kenya: Some Tax and Business Strategy Implications An Australian company wishes to purchase prefabricated birdcages from Kenya and assemble them for sale. The company is confronted by a number of choices, each of which has different tax implications. This paper will trace the forking choices and explain the tax implications of each with references to Australian and Kenyan tax law. The first choice is how to do business in Kenya itself, whether as an Australian company, a Kenyan branch or subsidiary of the Australian company, or as a Kenyan company proper. A local branch or subsidiary of a

Abstract
With regard to Mrs. Rosa, I am confronted with an ethical dilemma with little time to consider the situation. The dilemma involves sending Mrs. Rosa to a nursing which has a vacancy or keeping her at the hospital for an indefinite period. My position is that the patient should remain on the surgical unit until a suitable vacancy or other alternative is found. The manager of the surgical unit has one main argument to justify home care for the patient and it is based in justice. I understand her justice perspective but I also observe harms in discharge to nursing home care. There are several benefits in keeping Mrs. Rosa in hospital but there are harms in that as well. In order to construct a strong argument, I will use deontology, utilitarianism, and virtue ethics because each perspective allows me to assess the situation in a different way.

From the Paper
CASE 2 With regard to Mrs. Rosa, I am confronted with an ethical dilemma with little time to consider the situation. The dilemma involves sending Mrs. Rosa to a nursing which has a vacancy or keeping her at the hospital for an indefinite period. My position is that the patient should remain on the surgical unit until a suitable vacancy or other alternative is found. The manager of the surgical unit has one main argument to justify home care for the patient and it is based in justice. I understand her justice perspective but I also observe harms in discharge to nursing home care. There are several benefits in keeping Mrs. Rosa in hospital but there are

Tags:nursing, ethics, dilemma

Abstract
Discusses challenges confronted by social workers and other counseling professinals who provide intervention and prevention services. Acting-out or delinquent behavior as a feature of adolescent depression disorders. Need for a working alliance between rehabilitation system caregivers, justice system professionals and parents. Theoretical causes of delinquency. Achieving desirable attitudinal change.

From the Paper
"Counseling and Juvenile Rehabilitation

Social workers and other counseling professionals are confronted with the myriad challenges of providing effective intervention and prevention services to juvenile delinquents and other adolescents referred to juvenile rehabilitation centers (Miser, 1996). In the mental health literature, acting-out or delinquent behavior is recognized as an associated feature of adolescent depression disorders. These concerns, however, are seldom addressed in the delinquency literature, which tends to position delinquency and acting-out behaviors as independent of other potentially co-morbid conditions or disorders (miser, 1996). For professionals who work with this population, the literature indicates that working alliances between disparate rehabilitation system caregivers, justice system professionals, and parents a ..."

Abstract
Fall, Holder and Marquis (2003) contend that one of the most significant factors impacting change in an person's life is their motivation toward change (p. 15). Regardless of the issue that the person is confronted with, if there is no internal motivation to alter the situation the person is likely to put no effort into changing his or her life (Fall, Holder & Marquis, 2003, p. 15). Additionally, Fall, Holder and Marquis (2003) suggest that without change in negative situations an increase in the severity of the issue will almost always occur (p. 15). It is for this reason that addressing the student's concerns in the scenario are vital at this time and it is clear that a process for change should be implemented, as change cannot occur instantly for anyone (Fall, Holder & Marquis, 2003, p. 15). Therefore, the process for change that is recommended includes a focus on motivational factors that are influencing the student, as well as on guiding the student toward a complete resolution to the issue.

From the Paper
Motivation and Change Your friend comes to you and confides that he/she is no longer motivated to do well in school. Knowing that you are taking a course in psychology, he/she asks you to help. How would you apply the information you have learned to help your friend become more motivated to do well in school? Fall, Holder and Marquis (2003) contend that one of the most significant factors impacting change in an person's life is their motivation toward change (p. 15). Regardless of the issue that the person is confronted with, if there is no internal motivation to alter the situation the person is likely to put no effort into changing his or her life (Fall, Holder &

Tags:motivation, change, psych

Abstract
This paper addresses Lilia's character in the short story "When Mr. Pirzada Came to Dine" by Jhumpa Lahiri. This story illustrates an environment in which a young and inexperienced girl - the character of Lilia - is suddenly confronted with a host of information about the conditions of life beyond her sheltered suburban environment. Through examining the events of the story, it can be seen that Lilia's character is not truly changed in some fundamental way through her encounter with Mr. Pirzada.

Tags:LITERATURE / AMERICAN LITERATURE, examining the character

Abstract
This paper compares how the characters in two different short stories face the experience of death. The stories are "An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge" by Ambrose Bierce and "Greasy Lake" by T. Coraghessen. This paper shows how both characters experienced time distortion and a heightened sense of awareness of their surroundings when they were in the grip of fear and confronted with death.

From the Paper
"We often hear stories of people who have near death experiences and say that their "lives flashed before their eyes", or that "everything seemed like it was happening in slow motion". In the two short stories, the reader gets a real sense of what that feels like. "Greasy Lake", is a contemporary story about a group of young men who are bored and out drinking at the lake on evening become involved in a fight that escalates out of control and sets off a chain of events that will change the characters lives forever. In "Greasy Lake", when the unnamed main character thinks that he may have killed someone, time seems to go in slow motion."

Tags:near-death, dying, fear, time, distortion, awareness